Burst event detection in wall turbulence by WVITA method

Wavelet Variable Interval Time Average (WVITA) is introduced as a method incorporating burst event detection in wall turbulence. Wavelet transform is performed to unfold the longitudinal fluctuating velocity time series measured in the near wall region of a turbulent boundary layer using hot-film anemometer. This unfolding is both in time and in space simultaneously. The splitted kinetic of the longitudinal fluctuating velocity time series among different scales is obtained by integrating the square of wavelet coefficient modulus over temporal space. The time scale that related to burst events in wall turbulence passing through the fixed probe is ascertained by maximum criterion of the kinetic energy evolution across scales. Wavelet transformed localized variance of the fluctuating velocity time series at the maximum kinetic scale is put forward instead of localized short time average variance in Variable Interval Time Average (VITA) scheme. The burst event detection result shows that WVITA scheme can avoid erroneous judgement and solve the grouping problem more effectively which is caused by VITA scheme itself and can not be avoided by adjusting the threshold level or changing the short time average interval. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19732005) and the National Climbing Project of China     

Two-Equation Turbulence Modelling of a Transitional Separation Bubble

Calculations of the Reynolds averaged equations using two different turbulence models have been compared with direct numerical simulation of a transitional separation bubble. Three methods of transition modelling were investigated. The first had no transition adjustment, the second involved fixing the transition point at the location observed in the simulation and the third was a direct transformation of a method proposed by Wilcox [1] which involved sensitising the eddy viscosity and transport equations to the local turbulent Reynolds number. The models captured the general features of the flow but were unable to show the recovery behaviour of the flow behind the bubble. Reasons for the failure are discussed using apriori analysis of terms in the model equations. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

From Two-Point Closures of Isotropic Turbulence to LES of Shear Flows

We first recall the EDQNM two-point closure approach of three-dimensional isotropic turbulence. It allows in particular prediction of the infrared kinetic-energy dynamics (with ak ₄ backscatter) and the associated time-decay law of kinetic-energy, useful in particular for one-point closure modelling. Afterwards, we show how the spectral eddy viscosity concept may be used for large-eddy simulations: we introduce the plateau-peak model and the spectral-dynamic models. They are applied to decaying isotropic turbulence, and allow recovery of the EDQNM infrared energy dynamics. Anew infrared k ₂ law for the pressure spectrum, predicted by the closure, is also well verified. Assuming that subgrid scales are not too far from isotropy, the spectral-dynamic model is applied to the channel flow at h ₊= 390, with statistics in very good agreement with DNS, while reducing considerably the computational time. We study with the aid of DNS and LES the case of the channel rotating about an axis of spanwise direction. The calculations allow to recover the universal linear behaviour of the mean velocity profile, with a local Rossby number equal to −1. We present also LES (using the Grenoble Filtered Structure-Function Model), of a turbulent boundary layer passing over a cavity. Finally, we make some remarks on the future of LES for industrial applications. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

结构的多机并行分析I——结构的并行有限元方法

本文详细分析和讨论了结构分析的并行有限元方法—并行预处理共轭梯度法(以下简称PPCG法)。着重讨论了基于自带存储器的多处理机系统的并行预处理算法问题,并由此提出了两种PPCG法:PPCG1和PPCG2法。这两种方法适用于以单道剖分(one-way dissection)的子结构法为基础的并行分析。由于这种剖分法产生的结构刚度矩阵具有箭头形状,可独立地消除各子结构的内部自由度,并且不会在刚度矩阵中产生新的非零元素,因此很适合具有较多处理机的并行机系统对复杂结构进行的并行分析。     

The lifetime of an artificial satellite moving in nonuniform rotating atmosphere and instantaneous circle orbit

The lifetime of an artificial satellite moving in the circular orbit under the action ofnonuniform rotating atmospheric drag is studied from an energy point of view in this paper.The angular velocity of atmospheric rotation decreases with height according tohydrodynamics.The atmospheric density decreases with height according to theexponential formula.The expression for the lifetime of a satellite in the instantaneouscircular orbit in the above-mentioned rotating atmospheric model is derived,and thenumerical estimation for the lifetime of a concrete satellite has been made.The result showsclearly that the satellite lifetime calculated by this paper is shorter than that calculated bythe uniform rotating atmospheric model.     

Champ de vitesse dans un échangeur à vortex en régime turbulentHeat exchanger velocity field with turbulent inlet condition

We consider the isothermal flow through a cylindrical flat chamber, a model of some particular heat exchanger, for which LDV measurements and a numerical simulation have been performed. Experimental results show the establishment of an important vortex zone, the secondary flow extending all along the chamber radius. This observation leads to an expected significant increase of the fluid mixing. Results issued from the numerical simulation appear to be in close agreement with experimental data. Nevertheless, the k–ε model used here must be improved to obtain a better approach near the vortex centre. To cite this article: S. Petitot et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 593–599.     

基于直接数值模拟的可压缩湍流模型评估和改进

对来流Mach数2.25和6的平板边界层湍流进行了直接数值模拟, 并通过与理论、实验及他人计算结果的对比对数值结果进行了验证. 基于直接数值模拟得到的湍流数据库, 对常用的湍流模型进行了先验评估. 评估的湍流模型有k-εvarepsilon模型(包括标准k-εvarepsilon 模型、可实现的k-εvarepsilon模型及低Reynolds数k-εvarepsilon模型)、SA模型及BL模型. 结果显示, 对于Mach2.25的平板边界层, 可实现的k-εvarepsilon 模型及低Reynolds 数k-εvarepsilon模型具有较好的预测能力, 而标准k-εvarepsilon模型预测的湍流黏性系数偏高; SA模型在边界层内层预测准确度较高, 而在外层预测值偏高. 而对于Mach6的平板边界层, k-εvarepsilon模型及SA模型预测的湍流黏性系数均偏高, 尤其是标准k-εvarepsilon模型. 对于Mach6的平板边界层, BL模型低估了内-外层交界位置, 造成湍流黏性系数预测值严重偏低. 作者通过修改模型系数及内-外层交界位置对BL模型进行了修改, 修改后模型预测的湍流黏性系数与DNS给出的值吻合较好.     

）IRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DECAYING COMPRESSIBLE ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE

采用五阶有限差分WENO格式直接模拟了高初始湍流Mach数的可压缩均匀各向同性湍流,主要分析了湍流的统计特性和压缩性的影响,包括能谱特征、激波串、耗散率、标度律等.研究表明,湍动能主要来自于速度场螺旋分量的贡献;各向同性湍流的小尺度脉动对压缩性更为敏感,并且压缩性的增强加快了湍流大尺度脉动向小尺度脉动的湍动能输运;随着湍流Mach数的升高,胀量（压缩）耗散率所占比率也显著增长.标度律分析表明,强可压缩湍流的横向速度结构函数仍然具有扩展自相似性;当阶数较高（p≥5）时,纵向速度结构函数的扩展自相似性则不再成立.对于压缩性较弱的湍流,与不可压缩湍流一致,横向湍流脉动的间歇性要强于纵向湍流脉动;而对于强可压缩湍流,纵向湍流脉动的间歇性要强于横向湍流脉动.     

可压缩各向同性衰减湍流直接数值模拟研究

采用五阶有限差分WENO格式直接模拟了高初始湍流Mach数的可压缩均匀各向同性湍流,主要分析了湍流的统计特性 和压缩性的影响,包括能谱特征、激波串、耗散率、标度律等. 研究表明,湍动能主要来自于速度场螺旋分量的贡献;各向同性湍流的小尺度脉动对压缩性更为敏感,并且压缩性的增强加快了湍流大 尺度脉动向小尺度脉动的湍动能输运;随着湍流Mach数的升高,胀量(压缩)耗散率所占比率也显著增长. 标度律分析表明,强可压缩湍流的横向速度结构函数仍然具有扩展自相似性;当阶数较高(p ≥ 5)时,纵向速度结构函数的扩展自相似性则不再成立. 对于压缩性较弱的湍流,与不可压缩湍流一致,横向湍流脉动的间歇性要强于纵向湍流脉动;而对于强可压缩湍流,纵向湍流脉动的 间歇性要强于横向湍流脉动.     

Unsteady hydromagnetic flow of a reactive variable viscosity third‐grade fluid in a channel with convective cooling

This paper examines the combined effects of a transverse magnetic field and variable viscosity on unsteady flow of a reactive third‐grade electrically conducting fluid and heat transfer in a channel with convective cooling at the surface. It is assumed that the fluid has small electrical conductivity and the electromagnetic force produced is very small. The coupled nonlinear partial differential equations governing the problem are derived and solved numerically using a semi‐implicit finite‐difference scheme. Both numerical and graphical results are presented and physical aspects of the problem are discussed with respect to various parameters embedded in the system. It is in general noted that those parameters that increase/decrase one flow quantity (velocity or temperature) also lead to the increase/decrease respectively of the other quantity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.