密胺树脂/硼酸锌双层包覆微胶囊化红磷的制备及其在阻燃聚烯烃中的应用

描述了采用密胺树脂和硼酸锌连续双层包覆微胶囊化红磷(MRP)的最新制备方法。采用红外光谱、电子能谱和透射电镜等分析手段对其进行了表征，并证实红磷已被完全包覆。实验数据表明：经包覆的MRP的热稳定性获得了明显改善，吸水率和磷化氢的发生量均大大减少。MRP作为阻燃助剂应用于聚烯烃阻燃材料表现出了良好的阻燃效果。实时红外和热失重测量以及扫描电镜观察表明：其阻燃机制是红磷受热时与树脂反应促进了含磷膨胀炭层的形成，从而提高了材料的热稳定性，碳层起到了隔氧、隔热作用，而且主要在凝聚相中发挥其阻燃作用。     

烯烃不对称双羟化及其反应机理的研究进展

本文综述了近年来四氧化锇催化烯烃不对称双羟化及其反应机理的研究进展。Sharpless等对烯烃双羟化机理的透彻研究导致了不对称双羟化方法的优化。     

光学活性含硅氨基酸的合成

光学纯的硅取代氨基酸是一类非天然的手性氨基酸合成子，在药物，植物保护 剂和精细化学品的合成具有极为广阔的应用前景，其合成方法包括化学不对称合成 及化学合成外消旋体－生物学拆分两种，综述了该方面的研究进展。     

Selectivity enhancement of a metal-sensitive flame ionization detector for capillary gas chromatography

A novel modification of a hydrogen-atmosphere flamo ionization detector (HAFID) is presented which attenuates response to hydrocarbon compounds, significantly enhancing selectivity towards organometallic compounds by more than an order of magnitude. Chromatograms of an organometallic compound test mixture and regular leaded gasoline are presented to depict the specificity of the response.     

含松香骨架的新型手性季铵盐相转移催化剂的合成及其在不对称环氧化反应中的应用

以天然松香为原料合成了4个新型手性季铵盐类相转移催化剂, 并用于催化不对称查尔酮环氧化反应, 发现这类手性相转移催化剂可以有效地催化查尔酮的不对称环氧化, 环氧化产物ee最高达20%.     

N-(6-甲基-2-亚甲基吡啶)-( )-樟脑亚胺体系的不对称烷基化反应

目前,不对称合成光学活性化合物取得了较大进展,不对称合成α-氨基酸、β-氨基醇、α-取代苄胺的报道很多。但是,不对称合成生物碱类物质——α-取代氨甲基吡啶类化合物还未见文献报道,而此类化合物有潜在的应用前景。为此,我们以( )-樟脑为手性试剂     

Useful dual Diels-Alder behavior of 2-azetidinone-tethered aryl imines as azadienophiles or azadienes: a beta-lactam-based stereocontrolled access to optically pure highly functionalized indolizidine systems

Imines derived from 4-oxoazetidine-2-carbaldehydes have been found to be versatile Diels-Alder reagents in that they exhibit two reactivity patterns. 2-Azetidinone-tethered imines undergo diastereoselective reaction with Danishefsky's diene in the presence of different Lewis acids. The effect of the amount of catalyst on the conversion rate as well as on the product ratio has been studied. Under standard reaction conditions, indium(III) chloride and zinc(II) iodide provided the best yields, and indium(III) triflate the highest diastereoselectivity in the Lewis acid promoted aza-Diels-Alder cycloaddition. Treatment of the aforementioned imines with cyclopentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene or 3,4-dihydro-2 H-pyran led to cycloadducts arising from inverse electron-demand condensation involving the beta-lactam-tethered aryl imine as the heterodiene component. In addition, the first methodology for preparing indolizidines from beta-lactams has been developed. This process involves amide bond cleavage of the beta-lactam ring in the aza-Diels-Alder cycloadducts with concomitant cyclization. Full chirality transfer occurs when the reaction is performed with an enantiomerically pure substrate.     

Developments in the use of chromatographic techniques in marine laboratories for the determination of halogenated contaminants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Chromatography has been an important tool in marine laboratories. Since the 1960s, marine laboratories have been involved in the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and brominated flame retardants (BFRs). Column chromatography and liquid chromatography (LC) techniques have been used, mainly in the clean-up phase, while gas chromatography (GC) has been used extensively in the final determination of these contaminants. Developments have been observed from the use of packed GC columns, via capillary columns to the use of heart-cut multi-dimensional GC and comprehensive multi-dimensional GC. The progress made in interlaboratory studies and the availability of certified reference materials are discussed.     

Asymmetric dihydroxylation of vinyl sulfones: routes to enantioenriched α-hydroxyaldehydes and the enantioselective syntheses of furan-2(5H)-ones

The asymmetric dihydroxylation of α,β-unsaturated sulfones under Sharpless conditions affords enantioenriched α-hydroxyaldehydes in a complex mixture of dimeric species. These mixtures undergo olefination generating the corresponding α,β-unsaturated esters or furan-2(5H)-ones with high levels of enantiomeric excess. The application of this method for the rapid stereoselective synthesis of the furanone natural products; quercus lactone and maritolide, are described.