Manifestation of strong magneto-electric dipolar coupling in ferromagnetic nanoparticles−FLC composite: evaluation of time-dependent memory effect

Rod-shaped 5 wt.% copper-doped ZnO (ZnO:Cu²⁺) ferromagnetic nanoparticles (NPs), prepared by hydrothermal method, were dispersed in ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) named Felix 17/100. The effect of ferromagnetic NPs on the physical properties of FLC material (Felix 17/100) has been investigated by dielectric, electro-optical and polarising optical microscopic methods. A noteworthy time-dependent memory has been observed in the NPs-dispersed FLC composite attributed to the coupling of magnetic field associated to NPs with the director orientation of FLC. Improvement in spontaneous polarisation and dielectric susceptibility of FLC material has been ensued with the addition of ferromagnetic NPs. Faster electro-optic response, at lower applied voltage, has also been observed in NPs-dispersed FLC composite. These changes are accredited to the magneto-electric dipolar coupling existing due to the interactions between magnetic-dipole and electric-dipole moments of magnetic NPs and FLC material, respectively. The formation of periodic domains capable to show memory effect has been observed in composite. The observed time-dependent memory was confirmed by dielectric and electro-optical methods. FLC material enriched with the properties of ferromagnetic NPs can be utilised in advanced multifunctional optical devices, time-dependent memory-based security devices and computational purposes.     

Monolayer dispersion thresholds and threshold effect displayed by supported catalysts

The principle of spontaneous monolayer dispersion holds that active components of many supported catalysts will disperse spontaneously onto the surface of the carrier. The monolayer dispersion threshold of the active component on the surface of the carrier can be measured by X-ray diffraction phase-quantitative extrapolation method, etc. By measuring the monolayer dispersion threshold, beneficial information on the surface structure and dispersion of supported catalysts can be obtained, and the optimal preparative processing conditions of the catalysts can be chosen. The proportion of the active component of many supported catalysts can be optimized while its monolayer dispersion threshold is observed. Mutation values of many physicochemical properties of supported catalysts are related to monolayer dispersion thresholds; the threshold effect on catalysts is apparent, and the proposal regarding the threshold effect provides instruction for the research on catalysts. __________ Translated from Chemistry, 2007, 70(12): 900–907     

无机酸洗脱对胜利褐煤微晶结构及其自燃倾向性的影响

利用XRD、Raman、XPS和FT-IR表征技术,研究无机酸洗脱(HCl、H2SO4、HCl-HF)处理的胜利褐煤微晶结构的变化,采用自行设计的表面吸附仪-GC联用装置,对样品进行不同温度的低温脉冲氧化实验,考察了煤样在不同温度下氧吸附量的变化规律,通过低温脉冲氧吸附规律与TG/DTG和固定床燃烧实验关联,考察了煤样的自燃倾向。结果表明,无机酸洗脱对矿物质的脱除使得煤结构的有序度增加,石墨化程度提高,无机酸洗脱煤样与原煤相比吸氧量明显下降。随着吸附温度的升高,各煤样吸氧量明显增加,且随着脱除矿物质程度的增加,吸氧量呈减小的趋势,导致自燃倾向降低。     

基于有机半导体激光材料的高灵敏度溶液检测传感器件

采用光抽运有机激光增益材料产生的放大自发辐射(amplified spontaneous emission ASE), 实现了不同浓度液体的实时检测. 以两种聚合物poly(9, 9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole)和poly(3-hexylthiophene)共混的激光增益介质薄膜作为平面光波导, 观察在滴加少量溶液前后以及不同溶液浓度下, 由于光波导的相对折射率变化导致的放大自发辐射阈值及峰位的变化, 实现对溶液检测. 实验结果显示, 在常温常压下对25 wt.% NaCl溶液检测可得与纯水相比, 放大自发辐射光谱红移了4.5 nm, ASE阈值从0.579 μJ/pulse上升到1.447 μJ/pulse, 约2.5倍, 溶液检测灵敏度达到97.8 nm/RIU(refractive index unit), 精度达到141.9 nm/RIU, 充分说明上述方法能实现高灵敏度溶液检测.     

F8BT∶P3HT共混薄膜放大自发辐射的温度效应

研究了温度对聚合物poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole)(F8BT)和poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)共混薄膜的放大自发辐射(ASE)的影响。在80~320 K温度范围测试了不同P3HT质量比的共混聚合物薄膜和纯F8BT薄膜的ASE特性。在室温条件下,共混聚合物的阈值随着P3HT所占比例的增加先降低后升高。当P3HT比例约为20%时,阈值最低约为2.59×10~3W/cm~2。当温度从320 K下降到80 K时,纯F8BT薄膜的ASE阈值光功率由5.36×10~3W/cm~2下降到4.15×10~3W/cm~2,P3HT质量比为20%的共混薄膜的ASE阈值光功率由2.84×10~3W/cm~2下降到2.03×10~3W/cm~2。在一特定泵浦光功率(5.29×10~3W/cm~2)下,当温度由320 K下降至80 K时,ASE强度约提高4倍。随着温度的降低,混合物薄膜的ASE峰位红移,移动达12 nm。     

Breaking symmetry: spontaneous resolution of a polyoxometalate

A chiral polyoxometalate [Hf(PW11O39)2]10- (1) has been prepared and structurally characterized. It crystallizes in the chiral space group P2(1)2(1)2, as a conglomerate of two enantiomerically pure crystals in the absence of any chiral source. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined from the Flack parameter by X-ray crystallography. The structure of 1 comprises two lacunary [PW11O39]7- units, each functioning as a tetra-dentate ligand sandwiching an 8-coordinate HfIV centre in a distorted square antiprismatic geometry. Optically active crystals of both enantiomers were spectroscopically distinguishable by means of solid state circular dichroism spectroscopy. This hafnium-substituted polyoxometalate (POM), 1, shows that spontaneous chiral resolution, a rare phenomenon, can be operable in POM systems.     

光解CF3I研究I(52p1/2)的动力学

 本实验用YAG激光器的四倍频光,光解CF₃I得到I(5²P_1/2)。通过测量I(5²P_1/2)跃迁到基态而发出的1.315 μm荧光得到I(5²P_1/2)的自发辐射寿命为0.0370.005s,测得CF₃I、O₂、He对I(5²P_1/2)的猝灭常数分别为0.605Pa^-1s^-1,2 .25Pas^-1及0.22Pas^-1。     

实现光辐射度量基准的几种方法

总结实现光辐射度量基准的几种主要方法,包括黑体辐射器法、电替代绝对辐射计法、自校准硅光电二极管法和光电探测器量子效率绝对测量法。并对各种方法的优缺点进行比较。     

Temperature dependence of the quadratic electrooptic effect and estimation of antipolarization of ADP

Measurements of the temperature dependence of the quadratic electrooptic coefficient |g₁₁₁₁‐g₂₂₁₁| of ADP were made. The coefficient is found to decrease with an increase in temperature. The results show that the intrinsic quadratic electrooptic coefficient |M₁₁₁₁‐M₂₂₁₁| defined in terms of polarization also dependes on temperature. Employing the temperature dependence of |M₁₁₁₁‐M₂₂₁₁| estimation of antipolarization in lowtemperature antiferroelectric phase of ADP is made. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Suppression of amplified spontaneous emission in a femtosecond chirped-pulse amplifier

The suppression of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) that arises during the femtosecond chirped-pulse amplification is presented. On the basis of the distinct differences in the spatial, temporal and spectral region between ASE and the amplified laser signal, the noise arising from ASE was effectively filtered out. The ratio between the amplified femtosecond pulse and the ASE peak power was higher than 10⁷. Pulses as short as 38 fs were amplified to peak power of 1.4 TW.