大型公共建筑工程质量保险纯费率厘定研究——基于GLM及GAM的实证比较分析

为准确地厘定大型公共建筑工程质量的保险纯费率,通过文献分析及调研,对影响大型公共建筑工程质量的因素进行了研究,提炼出11项保险费率因子。以46栋竣工于1993—2016年的大型公共建筑为工程数据集,在频率-强度法基础上,基于Poisson、Negative Binomial、Gamma、Inverse Gauss等分布的假设,利用广义线性模型及广义可加模型建立了8个工程质量保险纯费率厘定模型,通过比较选择最优模型,并对模型进行了验证。结果表明,所建模型可用于大型公共建筑工程质量保险纯费率厘定。     

柱面微通道板的制备及其性能研究

针对未来空间天文学应用的超分辨率光谱成像仪器的需求,对低噪声柱面微通道板（MCP）的制备方法及其性能进行了研究. 提出了一种将光学抛光与热成型相结合的新的柱面MCP制备方法,利用不含放射性元素的低噪声MCP玻璃,制备出曲率半径为400mm、尺寸为30mm′46mm、长径比为80:1、通道直径12.5mm、通道间距15mm的柱面MCP,并将其与感应电荷楔条形阳极（WSA）组成光子计数探测器,对其暗计数率、分辨率进行了检测,暗计数率约为0.1counts/cm2×s.     

水下对转螺旋桨流致辐射噪声机理与预报方法*

水下对转螺旋桨流致辐射噪声的预报对于水下目标的特征提取和分类识别具有重要意义。由桨叶的旋转引起的湍流场是水下对转螺旋桨流致辐射噪声的源场。分述了水下对转螺旋桨湍流边界层脉动、旋转干涉效应和空化效应引发的水动力噪声机制和研究进展,比较了目前工程应用中的3种对转螺旋桨流致辐射噪声预报方法的特点。在分析对转螺旋桨流致辐射噪声数值预报难点的基础上,综述了对转螺旋桨流致辐射噪声计算方法的研究进展,指出间接数值模拟方法是工程中进行对转螺旋桨流致辐射噪声预报的有效方法。     

风力机叶片气动噪声的影响参数*

随着风力机的大型化,风电机组对环境的影响不容忽视,必须对风力机气动噪声进行预测和控制。选取基于NACA、DU翼型的某风力机叶片作为研究基准,采用修正BPM半经验模型计算叶片的气动噪声特性,通过改变翼型族、弦长、机组运行状态、风切变指数、来流风向参数,研究叶片外形几何参数、机组运行工况对叶片气动噪声源的影响。计算结果从多个角度总结出水平轴风力机叶片气动噪声的变化规律,为开发高效低噪风电叶片提供参考。     

Noise Reduction in Spur Gear Systems

This article lists some tips for reducing gear case noise. With this aim, a static analysis was carried out in order to describe how stresses resulting from meshing gears affect the acoustic emissions. Different parameters were taken into account, such as the friction, material, and lubrication, in order to validate ideas from the literature and to make several comparisons. Furthermore, a coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) analysis was performed, which was an innovative way of evaluating the sound pressure level of the aforementioned gears. Different parameters were considered again, such as the friction, lubrication, material, and rotational speed, in order to make different research comparisons. The analytical results agreed with those in the literature, both for the static analysis and CEL analysis—for example, it was shown that changing the material from steel to ductile iron improved the gear noise, while increasing the rotational speed or the friction increased the acoustic emissions. Regarding the CEL analysis, air was considered a perfect gas, but its viscosity or another state equation could have also been taken into account. Therefore, the above allowed us to state that research into these scientific fields will bring about reliable results.     

Frequencies Rotation at High Sound Pressure Levels Toward Low Frequencies

Today, analyzing of sound pressure level and frequency is considered as an important index in human society. Sound experts believe that analyzing of these parameters can help us to better understanding of work environments. Sound measurements and frequency analysis did to fix the harmful frequency in all sections in Shiraz gas power plant with sound analyzer model BSWA 308. The sound pressure levels (L_P) and the one and one-third octave band were continuously measured in A and C weighting networks and slow mode for time response. Excel 2013 and Minitab 18.1 software used for statistical calculations. Results analyzed by Minitab 18.1 software. The highest harmful frequency in Shiraz Gas Power Plant (SGPP) was 50 Hz with 115 dB. The sound pressure level (SPL) ranged from 45 dB to 120 dB in one-third octave band and weighting network C. The maximum sound pressure level was in Craft electricity generator with 105.3 dB and 67 Hz. Sound pressure level in surrounded environment was 120 dB. According to the results, in this industry the sound pressure level exceeded the Occupational Exposure Level of Iran (OEL). The value of sound pressure level were higher than the Standard of occupational health. SGPP consumes 47000 cubic meters of natural gas per hour to produce 100 MW (Mega Watt) of electricity. It is very high and it is not economical and cost effective. These numbers indicate that the power plant’s efficiency is low. It could be concluded that the noise pollution is an important issue in these industries. Moreover, SGPP produce noise with loss energy. Frequencies rotation at high sound pressure levels toward low frequencies were happened.     

Enhancing optomechanical force sensing via precooling and quantum noise cancellation

We theoretically investigate optomechanical force sensing via precooling and quantum noise cancellation in two coupled cavity optomechanical systems.We show that force sensing based on the reduction of noise can be used to dramatically enhance the force sensing and that the precooling process can eifectively improve the quantum noise cancellation.Specifically,we examine the effect of optomechanical cooling and noise reduction on the spectral density of the noise of the force measurement;these processes can significantly enhance the performance of optomechanical force sensing,and setting up the system in the resolved sideband regime can lead to an optimization of the cooling processes in a hybrid system.Such a scheme serves as a promising platform for quantum back-action-evading measurements of the motion and a framework for an optomechanical force sensor.     

星载海洋激光雷达最佳工作波长分析

星载激光雷达是实现海洋垂直剖面探测的有效工具,也是目前迫切需求的海洋光学遥感手段。对星载海洋激光雷达的波长参数进行评估对保证探测有效性具有重要意义。本文从探测深度和信噪比两方面分析了星载海洋激光雷达探测全球海洋的最佳波长。利用MODIS 10个波段的水体光学特性数据,估算全球海水探测深度及相应的最优波长;并根据太阳夫琅禾费暗线特性,对信号信噪比进行优化。结果表明:在探测深度方面,最优探测波长在488 nm波段的海洋占全球海洋面积的70%左右,并且全球95%以上的海域在488 nm波段的探测深度优于0.8倍的真光层深度;在信噪比方面,相对于488 nm波段,486.134 nm夫琅禾费暗线处采用0.1 nm带宽的滤光片可以将背景光强度降低70%,相应地回波信噪比整体提升了约5.0%。就全球海洋探测来说,使用486.134 nm作为探测波长可以提高探测深度,有效抑制太阳背景光,提高信噪比,因此,486.134 nm是星载海洋激光雷达的最佳工作波长。     

增材制造金属反射镜的发展综述

随着光学测量与遥感领域的不断发展,折反式光学系统对重量、体积和环境适应性等需求不断提高。基于增材制造技术的金属反射镜以其便于实现优化设计、快速制造和加工工艺性好等优点,逐渐获得国内外学者的关注与研究。与传统金属反射镜相比,增材制造金属反射镜可以提高反射镜的结构刚度,同时可实现更高程度的轻量化。增材制造反射镜可以满足光学系统对环境适应性和快速性的需求。本文首先讨论了金属反射镜的评价指标;其次,综述了国内外在基于增材制造技术制备金属反射镜领域的发展现状和技术参数,从增材制造金属反射镜的基体设计与制备和基体的后处理2个方面展开论述;然后,通过分析,总结了增材制造金属反射镜的技术路线和关键技术;最后,对增材制造反射镜的应用前景提出了展望。     

基于非线性光纤环形镜的少模脉冲幅度调制再生器

随着网络带宽需求的快速增加,波分复用系统的容量已接近非线性香农极限.为了适应未来网络的发展,空分复用技术引起了越来越多的关注.本文首次提出基于少模非线性光纤环形镜(FM-NOLM)的脉冲幅度调制(PAM)全光再生器,描述了其工作原理和具体设计过程.采用COMSOL软件对组成FM-NOLM的硫化物高非线性光纤进行了模式特性仿真.以LP01,LP11,LP21三个光纤模式为例,确定了再生器的参数,计算出每个模式的功率转移函数曲线.仿真分析了该少模PAM-4全光再生器的噪声抑制(NRR)性能,并与单模情形进行了比较.研究表明,1)对于每个空间模式的PAM信号,所有再生电平具有一致的功率转移性能;2)当输入信噪比(SNR)约大于20 dB时,三种模式的噪声抑制比均可超过3 dB,并随着输入信噪比线性增加,其斜率约为1.2;3)在相同输入SNR条件下,三种模式的噪声抑制比相差不大,不超过1.1 dB.为了说明再生器的再生性能,当输入SNR为25 dB时,我们还给出了再生前后PAM-4信号的功率分布直方图.与现有的再生方案相比,本文方案的均匀多电平再生转移性能,使其更适合高频谱效率的长距空分复用系统和任意电平数的PAM信号再生.此外,该方案也能够扩展到波长域,有效提高光通信系统的传输容量.