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991.
V. S. Bezborodov S. G. Mikhalyonok N. M. Kuz’menok A. S. Arol G. A. Shandryuk A. S. Merekalov 《Liquid crystals》2018,45(8):1223-1233
The paper describes the synthesis and physical-chemical properties of anisotropic derivatives of (-)-L-lactic acid and their nanocomposites. Anisotropic optically active aryl (S)-2-(ω-halogenalkoxy)lactates and (R)-2-aryloxypropionic acids have been synthesised by the modification of corresponding 3,6-disubstituted cyclohex-2-enones, (-) ethyl L-lactate and ethyl esters of (S)-2-(4-bromobutoxy)- and (S)-2-(6-bromohexyloxy)propionic acids. The optically active (R)-2-aryloxypropionic acids were used for the preparation of mesomorphic nanocomposite materials and their properties were studied. Anisotropic materials based on the derivatives of lactic acid are capable to interact with inorganic nanoparticles providing a tool for the creation of new nanocomposite materials. 相似文献
992.
Yahia Alhamed Krassimira Kumbilieva Abdulraheem Al-Zahrani Mohmmad Daous Lachezar Petrov 《Comptes Rendus Chimie》2018,21(3-4):369-381
The goal of the present study was to gain a better understanding of the selectivity of processes over multifunctional catalysts exhibiting diversity of operating active sites. The concept is that the concurrent performance of different types of active sites may provoke effects on the process selectivity comparable to the effects resulting from the kinetic regularities and activation energies of the occurring reactions. Accordingly, in the kinetic model the authors introduce specific parameters reflecting the contribution of distinct types of active sites, facilitating different reaction routes. Reasons are adduced how suchlike parameters serve to account the impact of various reaction routes occurring on different types of sites. The suggested approach links the deactivation-caused selectivity changes to dissimilarities in the vulnerability of different types of active sites. This work relates the probabilities for action of different types of sites to the size of active-phase islands. Various reaction mechanism patterns are modeled to examine relevant selectivity effects. 相似文献
993.
994.
We report a new route for synthesis of NiCoP/SiO2 with active S species using NiS and CoS as precursors. The as‐prepared catalysts were characterized using X‐ray powder diffraction, N2‐adsorption specific surface area measurements, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The catalyst was highly active during the dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of NiCoP/SiO2. The XPS spectra of the as‐obtained samples show that the surface of NiCoP contains a small amount of S species, which may be responsible for the higher HDS activity. 相似文献
995.
由于国家对石油产品中含硫量的严格控制,原油脱硫已成为石油化工生产中的一项紧迫任务.硫化钼作为高效加氢脱硫催化剂而被广泛研究.过渡金属Co掺杂提高了传统钼基硫化物加氢脱硫催化剂的催化活性,目前被广泛应用于原油催化脱硫.本文采用密度泛函理论,对Co修饰MoS2三角形团簇边缘不饱和活性位(CUS)的形成及甲硫醇的催化脱硫过程进行了理论研究.结果表明,活性位形成过程中,氢气裂解的活性位为Mo原子和S原子,随后形成硫化氢并脱附.甲硫醇倾向于吸附在CUS的TopCo位.通过电荷布居及前线轨道分析发现,Co的引入改变了表面原子电荷及CUS的LUMO轨道分布,并且Co表现出强吸电子能力,从而促进甲硫醇的吸附.CH3SH最优脱硫路径为先后断裂S-H和C-S键形成甲烷实现脱硫,其中形成甲烷的基元步骤为整个脱硫反应的速率控制步骤,其能垒为1.51 eV. 相似文献
996.
以加拿大油砂沥青大于420℃的减压渣油(BVR)为原料,对比研究其在CO/H2-H2O和N2体系中的热改质特性,通过系统分析BVR在H2-H2O、CO-H2O、N2-H2O等不同氢源下的热改质特性以揭示CO/H2-H2O对渣油热改质的作用机制,最后探讨合成气压力、含水量以及温度对BVR临CO/H2-H2O改质生焦倾向的影响。结果表明,与临氮改质相比,相同反应条件下,合成气和水可使BVR热改质的生焦诱导期延长3.5-6.5 min;相同生焦率(约0.1%)时,合成气和水可显著提升BVR热改质降黏率,410℃时相对临氮改质的降黏率为29.1%,而420℃时可达54.6%。比较不同氢源下BVR热改质的生焦诱导期、改质油黏度和安定性、渣油转化率发现,H2-H2O、CO-H2O、N2-H2O等均对BVR热改质表现出与CO/H2-H2O相同的促进效果,各氢源作用活性的大小顺序为H2-H2O > CO/H2-H2O > CO-H2O > N2-H2O。由此可知,CO/H2-H2O对渣油热改质的促进作用可归因于氢气、CO水热变换新生氢和水热裂解的综合效应,且其中氢气的作用仍最显著。合成气压力、含水量和反应温度可通过影响不同氢源的贡献而调控BVR临CO/H2-H2O改质生焦倾向。低成本易获取的合成气可以提供BVR热降黏改质所需氢源,水能够通过CO水热变换反应供出新生活泼氢而协同合成气实现BVR高效改质。 相似文献
997.
998.
Shadpour E. Mallakpour Abdol‐Reza Hajipour Mohammad Reza Zamanlou 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2001,39(1):177-186
3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (4,4′‐carbonyldiphathalic anhydride) was reacted with L ‐leucine in a mixture of acetic acid and pyridine (3 : 2), and the resulting imide‐acid [N,N′‐(4,4′‐carbonyldiphthaloyl)‐bis‐L ‐leucine diacid] was obtained in quantitative yield. The compound was converted to the N,N′‐(4,4′‐carbonyldiphthaloyl)‐bis‐L ‐leucine diacid chloride by reaction with thionyl chloride. A new facile and rapid polycondensation reaction of this diacid chloride with several aromatic diamines such as 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl methane, 2,4‐diaminotoluene, 4,4′‐sulfonyldianiline, p‐phenylenedi‐amine, 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylether, and m‐phenylenediamine was developed by using a domestic microwave oven in the presence of a small amount of a polar organic medium such as O‐cresol. The polymerization reactions proceeded rapidly compared with the conventional solution polycondensation and were completed within 6 min, producing a series of optically active poly(amide‐imide)s with a high yield and an inherent viscosity of 0.37–0.57 dL/g. All of the above polymers were fully characterized by IR, elemental analyses, and specific rotation. Some structural characterization and physical properties of these optically active poly(amide‐imide)s are reported. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 39: 177–186, 2001 相似文献
999.
Yukio Isobe Kenjiro Onimura Hiromori Tsutsumi Tsutomu Oishi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2001,39(20):3556-3565
Asymmetric anionic homopolymerizations of N‐1‐naphthylmaleimide (1‐NMI) were performed with chiral ligand/organometal complexes to form optically active polymers. Poly(1‐NMI)s obtained with methylene‐bridged bisoxazoline derivatives (Rbox)‐diethylzinc (Et2Zn) complexes showed high specific optical rotations ([α]) from +152.3 to +191.4°. Circular dichroism spectra of the polymers exhibited a split Cotton effect in the UV absorption‐band region. According to the exciton chirality method, the absolute configuration of the polymer main chain was determined according to the following method: (+)‐poly[N‐substituted maleimides (RMI)] main chains can contain more (S,S)‐ than (R,R)‐configurations. (?)‐Poly(RMI) main chains can contain more (R,R)‐ than (S,S)‐configurations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 3556–3565, 2001 相似文献
1000.
《Helvetica chimica acta》2018,101(3)
Here we present a novel active surface that demonstrates pH responsiveness and can be used as a platform for designing ‘smart labels’. To generate our active surfaces, we immobilized polymer nanocompartments onto glass surfaces using thiol–ene chemistry. Prior to surface attachment, a pH responsive model dye was encapsulated within nanocompartments at two different pH values. We confirmed the attachment and distribution of dye‐loaded polymersomes and established the pH responsiveness of the active surface construct. The strategy presented here was carefully chosen to obtain small sized functional surfaces from commercially available materials that can be easily integrated into intelligent packaging systems. The ability to miniaturize such smart labels, while still being able to detect their response to the environment, is a crucial step towards developing active surfaces suitable for food packaging applications. 相似文献