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61.
半晶性的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)存在不同尺寸运动单元的多重形式的分子运动,而且PET等高聚物前结构欠序、晶界和杂质等缺陷还使电子价带与导带间的禁带中出现局域能级(陷阱),并成为捕获载流子的中心,从而影响载流子的输运性质。分子运动和陷阱 相似文献
62.
A. I. Dikusar O. O. Redkozubova S. P. Yushchenko L. B. Kriksunov D. Harris 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2003,39(10):1073-1077
Experimental study of the distribution of local rates of electrochemical micromachining in the presence of photoresist masks in various hydrodynamic conditions (macroscopically nonuniform rotating disk electrode, sprayer flow, an electrode placed into a cell with chaotic bulk electrolyte mixing) shows that the maximum etching localization is achieved at the control of the dissolution rate by the mass transport rate (at achieving the anodic limiting current). The localization enhancement as compared to the primary current distribution takes place in the case of a turbulent flow at hydrodynamic conditions where the removal of dissolution products from the undercutting region is hindered. These conditions (electrochemical reaction limited by the ion mass transport rate, high resistance to the mass transport in the undercutting region) are necessary for the localization enhancement using a pulsed anodic–cathodic treatment. 相似文献
63.
A new functional group, the hydroxy group, was inserted into a Betti base by reaction with salicylaldehyde, and the naphthoxazine derivatives thus obtained were converted by ring-closure reactions with formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde or phosgene to the corresponding naphth[1′2′:5,6][1,3]oxazino[3,2-c][1,3]benzoxazine derivatives. Further, the conformational analysis of these polycyclic compounds by NMR spectroscopy and an accompanying molecular modelling are reported; especially, both quantitative anisotropic ring current effects of the aromatic moieties in these compounds and steric substituent effects were employed to determine the stereochemistry of the naphthoxazinobenzoxazine derivatives. 相似文献
64.
As copper(II) is a common ion in a variety of analytical samples, its effect on the stripping response of lead(II) at bismuth film screen-printed carbon electrode (BFSPCE) was investigated. The study was conducted using a screen-printed three-electrode system (working, counter and reference electrodes), with the carbon-working electrode plated in situ with bismuth film. Copper present at significant concentration level in samples was found to affect the sensitivity of the electrode by reducing the constant current stripping chronopotentiometric (CCSCP) response of lead(II). Recovery of the lead stripping response at the BFSPCE in the presence of copper was obtained when 0.1 mM ferricyanide was added to the test solution. The ferricyanide added circumvents the detrimental effect of copper(II) by selectively masking the copper ions by forming a complex. The analytical utility of the procedure is illustrated by the stripping chronopotentiometric determinations of lead(II) in soil extracts. 相似文献
65.
We have observed an unusual reduction of shear stress with increasing shear rate under direct current electric fields, for
an electrorheological fluid composed of sulfonated poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) particles dispersed in silicone oil. At all shear rates, the shear stress under the electric field is larger
than that in the absence of the field, indicating that there is still some field-induced agglomeration of the particles. In
contrast, the behavior under alternating current electric fields is the Bingham-fluid-type response commonly observed with
electrorheological fluids. It is suggested that the conventional dipole–dipole interaction approach based on simplified microstructural
models would be unable to explain these phenomena.
Received: 27 November 2000 Accepted: 22 May 2001 相似文献
66.
67.
Xinbo Zhang Danzi Sun Wenya Yin Yujun Chai Minshou Zhao 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2006,10(4):236-242
This paper presents results concerning structure and electrochemical characteristics of the La0.67Mg0.33 (Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)
x
(x=2.5–5.0) alloy. It can be found from the result of the Rietveld analyses that the structures of the alloys change obviously
with increasing x from 2.5 to 5.0. The main phase of the alloys with x=2.5–3.5 is LaMg2Ni9 phase with a PuNi3-type rhombohedral structure, but the main phase of the alloys with x=4.0–5.0 is LaNi5phase with a CaCu5-type hexagonal structure. Furthermore, the phase ratio, lattice parameter and cell volume of the LaMg2Ni9phase and the LaNi5 phase change with increasing x. The electrochemical studies show that the maximum discharge capacity increases from 214.7 mAh/g
(x=2.5) to 391.1 mAh/g (x=3.5) and then decreases to 238.5 mAh/g (x=5.0). As the discharge current density is 1,200 mA/g, the high rate dischargeability (HRD) increases from 51.1% (x=2.5) to 83.7% (x=3.5) and then decreases to 71.6% (x=5.0). Moreover, the exchange current density (I
0) of the alloy electrodes first increases and then decrease with increasing x from 2.5 to 5.0, which is consistent with the variation of the HRD. The cell volume reduces with increasing x in the alloys, which is detrimental to hydrogen diffusion and accordingly decreases the low-temperature dischargeability
of the alloy electrodes. 相似文献
68.
In the system of SDS/n-C5H11OH/n-C7H16/H2O with the weight ratio of SDS/n-C5H11OH/H2O system at5.0/47.5/47.5, the upper phase of the system was W/O microemulsion, and the lower phase was the bicontinuous microemulsion. When the n-heptane content was less than 1%, with the increase of the n-heptane content, the capacitance (Co, Cod) in the upper phase (W/O) dropped, the capacitance (CB1, CBld) in the lower phase (BI) raised. At the same time, the W/O-BI inteffacial potential (ΔE), capacitance (Ci), and charge-transfer current (ict) decreased.After the n-heptane content reached 1%, with the increase of the n-heptane content, ΔE, Ci and ict demonstrated no significant change. 相似文献
69.
Lei Wang Guang-ming Zhu Yue-zhong Meng Chun-mei Gao 《高分子科学》2007,(4):419-426
A novel sulfonated poly(arylene ether) containing triphenylmethane moieties was synthesized by the sulfonation of a designed parent polymer using chlorosulfonic acid as sulfonation agent. The sulfonation took place at the para position of the pendant phenyl rings because of the specially designed parent polymer. The position and degree of sulfonation were characterized by ^1H-NMR and elemental analysis. The sulfonated polymers are highly soluble in common organic solvents, such as dimethylsulfoxide, N,N'-dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and can be readily cast into tough and smooth films from solutions. The films showed good thermal and hydrolysis stabilities. Moreover, Fenton's reagent test revealed that the films exhibited superior stability to oxidation. The proton conductivities of the films were comparable with Nation 117 under same conditions. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) prepared with the asmade film (706 EW, 100 μm dry thickness) shows better cell performance than Nation 115-MEA in the whole current density range. 相似文献
70.
Hans-Jörg Jacobasch Günther Bauböck Josef Schurz 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》1986,117(10):1133-1144
An apparatus for the determination of zetapotential is described, which allows measurement of both streaming potential and streaming current as well as electroosmosis with one and the same fiber diaphragm with various electrodes (calomel, Ag/AgCl, palladium). Measurements with glass fibers, fibers of polyacrylonitrile and of polyester, and with cellulose pulp show that identical values for the electrokinetic parameters are obtained independent of voltage applied during electroosmosis resp. pressure difference during streaming measurements. This allows the conclusion that the zetapotential in dilute electrolyte solution is here an unequivocally determinable figure.
Herrn Prof. Dr.R. C. Schulz mit den herzlichsten Glückwünschen zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet. 相似文献