大规模合成具有氧空位的多孔Bi2O3用于有效降解亚甲基蓝

光催化降解有机污染物由于其具有低能耗和绿色环保的特点,已经成为研究的热点. 氧化铋纳米晶体的带隙在2.0∽2.8 eV之间,利用它催化可见光降解有机污染物具有较高的活性,从而引起了越来越多的关注. 尽管近年来已经开发了几种制备Bi₂O₃基半导体材料的方法,但是仍然难以用简单的方法大规模地制备高活性的Bi₂O₃催化剂. 因此,开发简单可行的大规模制备Bi₂O₃纳米晶体的方法对于工业废水处理的潜在应用具有重要意义. 本文通过蚀刻商用BiSn粉末,然后进行热处理,成功地大规模制备了多孔Bi₂O₃. 获得的多孔Bi₂O₃在亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化降解中表现出优异的活性和稳定性. 对该机理的进一步研究表明,多孔Bi₂O₃合适的能带结构允许生成活性氧物种,例如O₂^-·和·OH,可有效降解MB.     

Towards the meV limit of the effective neutrino mass in neutrinoless double-beta decays

We emphasize that it is extremely important for future neutrinoless double-beta(0νββ)decay experiments to reach the sensitivity to the effective neutrino mass|mββ|≈1 meV.With such a sensitivity,it is highly possible to discover the signals of 0νββ decays.If no signal is observed at this sensitivity level,then either neutrinos are Dirac particles or stringent constraints can be placed on their Majorana masses.In this paper,assuming the sensitivity of|mββ|≈1 meV for future 0νββ decay experiments and the precisions on neutrion oscillation parameters after the JUNO experiment,we fully explore the constrained regions of the lightest neutrino mass m1 and two Majorana-type CP-violating phases{ρ,σ}.Several important conclusions in the case of normal neutrino mass ordering can be made.First,the lightest neutrino mass is severely constrained to a narrow range m1∈[0.7,8]meV,which together with the precision measurements of neutrino mass-squared differences from oscillation experiments completely determines the neutrino mass spectrum m2∈[8.6,11.7]meV ing phases is limited to ρ∈[130°,230°],which cannot be obtained from any other realistic experiments.Third,the sum of three neutrino masses is found to beΣ≡m1+m2+m3∈[59.2,72.6]meV,while the effective neutrino mass for beta decays turns out to be mβ≡(|Ue1|2m1^2+|Ue2|2m2^2+|Ue3|2m3^2)1/2∈[8.9,12.6]meV.These observations clearly set up the roadmap for future non-oscillation neutrino experiments aiming to solve the fundamental problems in neutrino physics.     

对自由落体的诺维科夫时间与牛顿绝对时间关系讨论

文章首先将史瓦西黑洞场中自由下落质点的固有时(诺维科夫坐标时)公式,由自然单位制化成了国际单位制中的形式.然后,根据牛顿第二定律和万有引力定律,推导出了自由下落质点经历的绝对时间公式,进而证明了广义相对论中自由落体经历的固有时,恰好等于牛顿力学给出的绝对时间.最后,对自由下落质点在黑洞内外经历的时间进行了特例计算.     

柱状装药预制破片缩比战斗部爆炸冲击波和破片的作用时序

针对柱状装药的周向预制破片战斗部,结合无量纲分析方法和爆炸驱动理论,确定了影响破片和冲击波相遇位置的关键参数,给出了由缩比战斗部推广预测原型战斗部爆炸产生的破片冲击波作用时序的方法。采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件进行数值模拟,对比验证了理论分析和数值试验结果,分析了战斗部缩比比例对冲击波和破片作用时序的影响。结果表明:缩比模型与原型战斗部爆炸产生的破片和冲击波的相遇位置之比和相遇时间之比主要取决于两模型的质量比,在不考虑破片速度衰减时,两模型中载荷相遇位置之比和相遇时间之比等于其质量比的0.33次方。受破片速度衰减影响,该方法仅适用于质量缩比不小于0.2的模型。     

Large scale synthesis of red emissive carbon dots powder by solid state reaction for fingerprint identification

Red emissive carbon dots(CDs) powder was synthesized on a large scale from phloroglucinol and boric acid by a novel solid state reaction with yield up to 75%. This method is safe and convenient, for it needs neither high pressure reactors nor complicated post-treatment procedures. The as-prepared carbon dots powder exhibited strong red fluorescence with excitation-independent behavior. XPS measurement and PL spectra suggest that such red fluorescence arise from boron-doped structures in CDs, which increases along with the boron concentration on CDs surface but decreases when the concentration quenching effect takes place. To overcome the aggregation induced fluorescence quenching of the solid CDs powder,the conventional methods are dispersing CDs into a large amount of inert substrates. But our present work provides a new strategy to realize strong red fluorescence of CDs in solid state. As a result, such carbon dots powder works well for latent fingerprint identification on various material surfaces.     

丝网印刷柔性电子器件

有机电子器件的主要优势之一是溶液可处理性,这使得可以通过多种印刷方法制备有机电子器件。丝网印刷作为一种十分成熟的印刷方法,被广泛应用于微电子器件的制备。本文主要从丝网印刷的组成、影响丝网印刷精密度的因素以及丝网印刷在场效应晶体管、太阳能电池、有机发光二极管等柔性电子器件制备中的应用分别作以介绍,并对目前丝网印刷在印刷柔性电子器件中存在的困难和挑战作以总结。     

原子荧光光谱法测定固体废弃物——氧化皮中的砷

建立了固体废弃物——氧化皮中砷的测定方法。氧化皮粉末样品经盐酸溶解,在溶液中添加硫脲和抗坏血酸预还原砷,以盐酸(2+98)为载流,硼氢化钠(10g/L)和氢氧化钾(5g/L)混合溶液为还原剂,砷与硼氢化钠、盐酸反应生成砷化氢,砷化氢利用氩气导入石英炉原子化器中原子化,以空心阴极灯为激发光源,测量砷产生的荧光强度。测试氧化皮中砷含量的相对标准偏差为不大于4.8%,检出限为0.12μg/L,回收率为97%～103%,结果准确度较好。方法具有试剂消耗少、快速、检出限低的优点。     

螺[1-氯-4-l-孟氧基-5-氧杂-6-氧代双环[3·1·0]己烷-2,3'-(4'-吗啉基-5'-l-孟氧基丁内酯)]合丙酮的合成及晶体结构

利用新手性源,5-(l-孟氧基)-3-氯-2(5H)-呋喃酮4与亲核试剂吗啉通过串联不对称双Michael加成/分子内亲核取代反应合成了一般方法难以得到的含有多个手性中心的螺-环丙烷双内酯化合物C32H50O7NCl.其单晶为C32H50O7NCl(OC3H6)0.5,正交晶系, 空间群为P212121, 晶胞参数a = 17.149(3), b = 20.384(4), c = 10.831(2) , V = 3786.1(12) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.097 g/cm3, F(000) = 1352, μ= 0.144 mm-1; 射线类型为MoK?( = 0.71073 ?, 偏离因子R = 0.0755, wR = 0.1956, 独立衍射点3710个, 其中可观测点数2318个.分子中共有六个环, 12个手性中心, 3个六元环呈椅式构象, 两个五员内酯环呈信封式构象, 并分别与环丙烷形成[2.4]螺环和 [3.1.0] 稠环, 4个新生成的手性中心的绝对构型为C(3)(S), C(4)(S), C(5)(R), C(8)(R).     

Summary of ISO/TC 201 standard: XXI. ISO 21270:2004—Surface chemical analysis—X‐ray photoelectron and Auger electron spectrometers—Linearity of intensity scale

This International Standard specifies two methods for determining the maximum count rate for an acceptable limit of divergence from linearity of the intensity scale of Auger and x‐ray photoelectron spectrometers. It also includes methods to correct for intensity non‐linearities so that a higher maximum count rate can be employed for those spectrometers for which the relevant correction equations have been shown to be valid. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mutual solubilities of hydrocarbons and water with the CPA EoS

The knowledge of hydrocarbon/water phase equilibria is important in the design and operation of equipment for petroleum transport and refining and petrochemical plants. The presence of water in a hydrocarbon mixture can affect the product quality and damage the operation equipment due to corrosion and formation of gas hydrates. Tracing the concentration of hydrocarbons in aqueous media is also important for technical purposes like preventing oil spills and for ecological concerns such as predicting the fate of these organic pollutants in the environment.