近红外光谱技术对闽南乌龙茶品种的识别研究

采用近红外光谱技术建立了一种快速无损的乌龙茶品种识别方法。收集闽南地区不同茶场中铁观音、黄金桂、本山、毛蟹与梅占等5个品种共210份具有代表性的乌龙茶样品,采集近红外光谱数据,选用1 100~1 300nm,1 640~2 498nm作为检测波长范围,利用主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)建立模型,并在实验过程中比较多元散射校正(multiplicative scatter correction,MSC)与标准正态变量校正(standard normal variate,SNV)两种数据预处理方法对模型的影响。实验结果表明,多元散射校正对模型的影响优于标准正态变量校正,对校正集的识别准确率达到了96%,对预测集中样品的识别准确率达到了90%。实验结果证明了采用近红外光谱技术可以快速无损识别闽南地区乌龙茶,具有较强的实用价值和推广价值。     

LD抽运腔内和频571.6 nm连续波黄光激光器

报道了全固态连续波571.6 nm黄光激光器.黄激光是分别由两片Nd∶YAG的1 444 nm和946 nm谱线非线性和频产生,两条谱线在各自晶体对应能级跃迁分别为4F3/2-4I15/2和4F3/2-4I9/2.实验中采用复合腔结构,利用RTP晶体II类临界相位进行内腔和频,当注入到两片Nd∶YAG晶体的抽运功率分别为25 W和14.8 W时,获得562 mW的连续波571.6 nm黄激光输出,4 h功率稳定度优于±2.9％.     

Src Mediates Epigallocatechin-3-O-Gallate-Elicited Acid Sphingomyelinase Activation

Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) is one of the major bioactive compounds known to be present in green tea. We previously reported that EGCG shows selective toxicity through activation of the protein kinase B (Akt)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) axis via targeting its receptor 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR), which is overexpressed in cancer. However, little is known about upstream mechanisms of EGCG-elicited ASM activation. In this study we show that the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src, also known as c-src, plays a crucial role in the anticancer effect of EGCG. We showed that EGCG elicits phosphorylation of Src at Tyr 416, a crucial phosphorylation site for its activity, and that the pharmacological inhibition of Src impedes the upstream events in EGCG-induced cell death signaling including upregulation of Akt activity, increase in cGMP levels, and activation of ASM. Moreover, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which is involved in the phosphorylation of Src, is colocalized with 67LR. EGCG treatment enhanced interaction of FAK and 67LR. Consistent with these findings, pharmacological inhibition of FAK significantly neutralized EGCG-induced upregulation of Akt activity and activation of ASM. Taken together, FAK/Src play crucial roles in the upstream signaling of EGCG.     

Multimode ultrasonic extraction of polysaccharides from maca (Lepidium meyenii): Optimization,purification, and in vitro immunoregulatory activity

This study evaluates the effect of multimodal ultrasound on the extraction efficiency and immunoregulatory activity of polysaccharides from Lepidium meyenii Walp. (LMP). The separation and purification of maca polysaccharides were investigated by the DEAE-52 cellulose column, and the monosaccharide compositions were identified by HPGPC. Their immune activity was analyzed by the secretion of cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) from RAW 264.7 macrophage. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were energy aggregation alternation dual-frequency ultrasound (EADU) with frequency combinations of 20/35, extraction time of 15 min, material/water ratio of 1:10 g/mL, ultrasonic power intensity of 150 W/L, intermittent time ratio of 4 s/3 s, and extraction temperature of 50 ℃. The extraction rates of purified polysaccharides (US3) increased by 44.90%. The LMP extracted by EADU contained arabinose, galactose, and glucose in the molar ratios of 2.9:2.72:5.05. In addition, US3 promoted the release of TNF-α and IL-6 from RAW 264.7 better than RS3 (purified polysaccharides extracted by hot water), which indicated that US3 exerted remarkable immune activity. It could be an excellent functional additive in food or medicine.     

超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱快速筛查和确证凉茶中167种非法添加药物

基于质谱数据库,建立了超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UHPLC-Orbitrap HRMS)快速筛查和确证凉茶中167种非法添加药物的方法.通过调研,选定了解热镇痛药、糖皮质激素、抗菌药、抗组胺药等167种药物,并利用Orbitrap HRMS和TraceFinder软件采集和记录每种药物的信息,建立高分辨质...     

修复前后Vero细胞调控草酸钙晶体生长的差异

采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和流式细胞仪等多种方法研究了降解大豆多糖(SPS)对损伤的非洲绿猴肾上皮细胞(Vero)的修复作用;研究了修复前后Vero调控草酸钙(CaOxa)晶体形成的差异。经H2O2氧化损伤的Vero在被SPS修复后,其细胞活力、细胞外SOD活性及细胞内线粒体膜电位均增加,细胞形态逐渐恢复到接近正常细胞。在诱导草酸钙(CaOxa)晶体生长过程中,修复细胞可以减少棱角尖锐的一水草酸钙(COM)晶体生成,诱导更多的二水草酸钙(COD)晶体。三种状态Vero诱导的晶体尺寸从小到大顺序为:正常细胞<修复细胞<损伤细胞。本文结果表明,降解大豆多糖可以修复受损伤的Vero细胞,降低肾结石形成的危险性,提示SPS有可能是一种潜在的绿色防石药物。     

不同提取方法对红茶提取物抗氧化活性影响的研究

采取沸水浴法、回流法、微波法及超声波法探讨信阳红茶和印度红茶的抗氧化性,通过测定吸光度利用Fenton反应表征提取物对羟自由基的清除率.不同的提取方法对红茶抗氧化活性有一定的影响,羟自由基的清除率与红茶的抗氧化活性成正比.结果表明:信阳红茶沸水浴法提取率较高,印度红茶超声波法提取率较高.     

共振瑞利散射光谱法测定饮料中日落黄

日落黄与壳聚糖盐酸盐发生缔合反应形成离子缔合物可使体系共振光显著增强。在1.0 mL pH 5.5的BR缓冲溶液中,该体系共振散射强度最大,反应可在室温5 min内迅速完成。在0.6～9μg.mL-1范围内散射强度(ΔI)与日落黄的浓度成正比,检出限为0.395μg.mL-1(n=5)。建立了一种简便、快速测定日落黄的方法,并成功用于饮料样品中日落黄含量的测定.加标回收率为93.0～101.8%,RSD为1.8～3.4%。     

基于营养元素含量的名茶产地识别——以我国东部地区几种名茶为例

名茶营养元素含量在相当程度上反映了原产地的自然地理环境如母岩、土壤、气候等因素的印迹。基于茶叶的P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Se等矿质元素含量,综合应用系统聚类和主成分分析法,探讨了我国东部地区的安溪铁观音、武夷岩茶、庐山云雾茶、西湖龙井、黄山毛峰、太平猴魁、崂山绿茶等几种闻名遐迩的地理标志产品的产地识别问题。结果表明,矿质元素含量可以做为茶叶产地的判别指标之一,用于茶叶流通、销售过程的质量控制依据。     

茶叶中9种有机磷农药残留量快速测定方法

为建立了茶叶中9种有机磷农药的气相色谱检测方法,将试样在气相色谱仪DB—XLB色谱柱中分离,FPD检测器鉴定。结果表明,9种有机磷能够很好地分离,在0．05～1．0灿∥mL线性关系良好（r≥0．999）。在0．05—0．20mg／kg的添加水平范围内的平均回收率为78．6％～105％,相对标准偏差为1．4％～7．8％。9种有机磷方法检出限0．005～0．01mg／kg。