Flow modulation of a planar free shear layer with large bubbles—direct numerical simulations

The flow of a planar free shear layer with cylindrical bubbles is simulated using a finite difference/front tracking scheme. This approach allows direct numerical simulation of the multiphase flow by wholly incorporating the local bubble flow field in conjunction with the large scale vortical structures of the liquid. The role of large bubbles in modifying low Reynolds number ( 250) shear flow structures is investigated, specifically for bubbles whose diameter approaches the scale of the largest liquid eddies. The results indicate that duration of eddy crossing is the main mechanism for flow modulation, which is typically characterized by decreased vortex coherency and size, modified fluctuation statistics and significant variations in pairing/merging phenomena. The comparison of fluctuating statistics and flow field visualization also allowed qualitative discrimination between the modulation of the non-linear eddy dynamics and fluctuations due simply to the random bubble induced perturbations.     

On the wavelength dependence of the photon rest-mass

Wavelength dependence of the photon rest-mass is explicitly determined by averaging the relativistic mass of the photon as a function of its velocity whose wavelength dependence is also taken into account.     

All optical SR and D flip-flop employing XGM effect in semiconductor optical amplifiers

This paper presents a simple and novel scheme for all-optical SR and D flip-flop employing cross gain modulation (XGM) effect in two wideband semiconductor optical amplifiers. The proposed flip-flop has a fast response, with less than 20 ps transition times for both rising and falling edges. The FF speed-limit is mainly determined by the SOA recovery time and the intra-FF coupling length. The simulation results exhibit a contrast ratio of 13 dB between two states with an AM of less than 2.5 dB.The distinctive simplicity of the flip-flop implies reduced footprint and low power consumption which makes it ideal for photonic integration.     

Analysis of queuing delay in optical space network on LEO satellite constellations

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations using laser inter-satellite links (ISLs) are recognized as a promising technology to provide global broadband network services. In this paper, the queuing delay model of an optical space network built on LEO satellite constellations is established. It is assumed that the optical space network employs wavelength division multiplexing ISLs with wavelength routing technology to communication satellites and makes routing decisions. With consideration of the network task characterizations such as distribution of task arrival time and task holding duration, simulation experiment results are analyzed and the expression of optical space network queuing delay is given. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results show that features of queuing delay vary with distribution characterizations of the network tasks. It is hoped that the study can be helpful to evaluate the design of constellation networking.     

Effect of line coding on jitter and initial laser phase on Q value in soliton transmission

In this paper we described how different line coding techniques vary with values of jitter in soliton transmission system. Then the idea of this soliton transmission system is applied for multiuser structure and effects of initial line phase spacing are examined.     

Sine-azimuthal wavefront-modulated cosh-Gaussian beams with half-space amplitude modulation

Half-space amplitude modulation was introduced into the linearly polarized cosh-Gaussian beams with sine-azimuthal variation wavefront, and corresponding tunable focal patterns were investigated in detail. Simulation results show that focal pattern can be changed remarkably by the amplitude modulation. And under condition of different beam parameters and phase parameter that indicates the sine-azimuthal variation wavefront, the focal pattern evolution also differs considerably. Some novel focal shape may appear, including cross-shape, multiple-peak focal pattern, multiple intensity lines, wheel focal pattern, bell shape, and swallowtail focal spots. Symmetry of the whole focal pattern can be altered remarkably, the whole focal pattern evolves into uniaxial symmetry about perpendicular axes for odd and even phase parameter, respectively.     

Improvement of transmission performance of adaptively modulated optical OFDM signals

An adaptively modulated optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) based system has been simulated in present research. Performance analysis in terms of bit error rate (BER) and signal to noise ratio (SNR) has been carried over the system using fixed modulation for different M-array quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM). An adaptive modulation over OOFDM has been analyzed over three different algorithmic schemes. Impact of adaptive modulation on spectral efficiency has also been investigated for OOFDM. Simulation results show the enhancement in terms of spectral efficiency and capacity for adaptively modulated OOFDM system.     

Characterization of fiber Bragg grating for maximum reflectivity based on modulation depth of refractive index

This study proposed the modeling of fiber Bragg grating as a sensor for the optimum reflectivity with minimum discontinuities at the end of center wavelength. Recent advancement in optical sensor technology, make it necessary to generate the optimum results with minimum error. In this analysis, dependence of grating output spectra on various parameters has been studied for minimum bandwidth, side lobes and maximum reflectivity. In previous studies effect of length and other parameters has been studied. In this paper author has included the effect of modulation depth also. Study shows that grating length and modulation depth of refractive index of core are very critical factors which significantly alter the grating characteristics. Here low absorption third window of optical communication is used for the sake of low attenuation. All the simulation has done using GratingMOd software using transfer matrix method.     

TDI-CMOS图像传感器多次采样叠加调制传输函数模型研究

提出了多次采样叠加下时间延迟积分(TDI)CMOS图像传感器沿扫描方向的调制传输函数(MTF)分析模型。基于行滚筒曝光读出原理,研究了一个行时间内采样次数、叠加次数、TDI级数和速度失配比对扫描MTF的影响机理。为验证扫描MTF模型,基于TDI-CMOS图像传感器将连续视场映射为离散图像的几何和能量传输关系分析,建立了成像仿真系统并利用刃边法计算MTF曲线。仿真结果表明,扫描MTF随着采样次数增加而增大;当采样次数固定,扫描MTF随着叠加次数增大而减小;扫描MTF随着速度失配比和TDI累加级数增大而减小。     

双曲线调频在高速水下目标航行参数遥测中的应用研究

对于高速、强机动的水下目标来说,其航行参数信息的实时遥测具有重要意义。水声信号的多普勒频移估计与补偿是水声遥测的关键技术之一,它直接影响着水声遥测的效果与性能。本文针对双曲线调频信号及线性调频信号进行仿真分析,对比在相同情况下的多普勒频移可补偿性,仿真实验证明双曲线调频信号具备较高的多普勒容限,其时延值估计精度可达到1μs。结合工程实际,本文采用双曲调频信号与单频信号组合的方式进行水声遥测,充分发挥双曲线调频信号的多普勒不变性和单频信号对多普勒频移的敏感性,在获得较高定位精度的同时,也具备高精度的水声遥测功能。该组合信标信号经过湖上试验验证,具有遥测精度高、误码率低、易于实现等优点,可应用于相关水声工程中。