Coupling and stability of bright holographic soliton pairs

The coupling effect and stability property of symmetric bright holographic soliton pairs have been investigated numerically. Results show that when any one of the two solitary beams from a pair is perturbed in amplitude or width, both beams will be affected by such a perturbation via the coupling effect between the beams, thus resulting in both beams propagating in the medium without a constant shape; however, these two solitary beams are still stable against small perturbations. When both solitary beams from a pair are perturbed simultaneously in amplitude, for some given absolute values of the perturbations, the two beams are stable against these perturbations if both beams are perturbed with the same sign, whereas are unstable with the different signs. When the two beams are simultaneously perturbed in width, both beams exhibit their stability property similar to that when only one beam is perturbed no matter whether both perturbations have the same or different signs.     

Actively mode-locked dual-wavelength fiber laser with close wavelength spacing using a fiber Bragg grating

A simple actively mode-locked fiber ring laser is proposed and successfully demonstrated to generate dual-wavelength picosecond pulses with close wavelength spacing using one Bragg grating in standard single-mode fiber. The proposed laser can be made to operate in stable dual-wavelength at room temperature, due to the birefringence characteristic of the FBG induced by transverse strain. Transverse strain loading on the FBG allows the wavelength spacing to be controlled. Generation of stable dual-wavelength pulses with a pulsewidth of 212–234 ps and a tunable wavelength separation from 0.2 to 0.44 nm at a pulse rate of 1.05 GHz was demonstrated.     

偏晶向(111)硅片闪耀光栅的制作

硅光栅的制作可以利用湿法腐蚀体硅工艺.湿法腐蚀利用硅的各向异性,由硅的晶面形成光栅工作凹槽,利用湿法工艺可以制作在不同光谱波段内工作的闪耀光栅.设计了一种利用偏晶向(111)硅片制作闪耀光栅的方法,使用这种方法可以批量制作闪耀角度较小的光栅.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行了光栅表面形貌测试,试验结果表明,制作的硅光栅样片具有良好光学特性的反射表面和光栅槽形.硅闪耀光栅可以被用来制作微型光谱仪、滤光器等微型仪器或器件.     

耐高压光纤Bragg光栅压力传感技术研究

分析了聚合物封装光纤光栅的压力响应特性,通过采用特殊聚合物材料将光纤光栅封装于金属套管中,并通过在金属套管预涂覆一层软弹性材料,以消除封装过程中由于聚合物固化收缩以及聚合物与套管壁粘接与摩擦产生的光纤光栅啁啾化,改善了光纤光栅压力响应特性.封装后的光纤光栅压力响应灵敏度为0.036 nm/MP,具有良好的线性,压力测量范围可达40 MP以上.     

用衍射光栅和CCD测量透明材料折射率

介绍了一种基于衍射光栅干涉和CCD图像测量的测量透明材料折射率的方法。这种方法使用的仪器少,操作简单,配合CCD与图像处理的运用,尝试的两种测量方案都使精度能够达到10^-4。两种测量方案对同一玻璃基片的测量结果基本吻合,而第二种测量方案的测量精度要优于第一种,这是因为就我们目前的实验条件而言,CCD判别条纹移动的精度对折射率测量的影响要小于角度测量精度对之的影响。该方法还可以测量各向同性透明薄膜样品的折射率,为探索新型有机薄膜的折射率及其有关特性提供便利的手段。讨论了测量的基本原理和样品的测量结果,并对实验方法误差进行了分析。     

高灵敏度的光纤光栅压强传感器

基于光纤布拉格光栅传感模型 ,提出了一种等强度梁与波纹管相结合的高灵敏度的光纤布拉格光栅压强传感器 ,推导了光纤布拉格光栅反射波中心波长相对偏移量与压强之间的解析关系式 ,从理论和实验上给出了压强灵敏度系数。该传感器的理论和实验压强灵敏度系数分别是 1.4 76× 10 -2 MPa-1、1.35× 10 -2 MPa-1,是裸光纤光栅的 74 5 5倍和 6 80 8倍 ,理论值与实验值吻合得很好。同时指出通过调节等强度梁和波纹管的参量 ,可以将该传感器的压强灵敏度系数做得很高 ,直至破坏了光纤布拉格光栅。     

Differential FBG sensor for temperature-compensated high-pressure (or displacement) measurement

A differential fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor with a free active element bulk-modulus for high-pressure (or displacement) measurement is presented. Based on the differential measurement method and an isosceles triangle cantilever structure, problems of cross-sensitivity and chirped signal in FBG sensor are improved both theoretically and experimentally. Preliminary experiments indicate that temperature-compensated measurement results agree well with the theoretical analysis. Displacement measurement sensitivity is 1.75 pm/μm, and the estimated pressure measurement resolution can reach 0.27 MPa in case the wavelength shift measurement resolution is 0.01 nm.     

Fabrication of Gold Nano‐Structures with Azopolymer Templates

Fabrication of gold nano‐patterns has been demonstrated employing surface relief structures created on films of an azobenzene‐functionalized polymer as templates. The surface relief templates were photoinscribed on the azopolymer films in one‐step with two laser beams. Thin layers of gold were over‐coated on the polymer templates by thermal evaporation. Gold lines of a few hundred nanometer width were successfully fabricated by pyrolyzing the azobenzene polymer. Sub‐micron gold dots were also created. The resulting gold structures exhibited the same periodicity as the polymer templates.     

A three-layer egg-configurated Bragg microcavity of polyglycerol coated cholesteric-liquid-crystal encapsulated by hollow-glass-microsphere

ABSTRACT

This letter reports the optical pumped lasing behaviours of a three-layer Bragg resonance cavity consisting of dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal (DDCLC) microdroplet, polyglycerol-2 and hollow glass microsphere. The function of PG2 is to control the parallel anchoring of the liquid crystal (LC) molecules on the surface of the LC microdroplet. The whispering-gallery mode (WGM), radial Bragg (photonic bandgap, PBG) mode and Bragg WGM (BWGM) are observed in DDCLC microspheres with different helical pitches and LC refractive indices. The formation mechanisms of six types of lasing emission conditions are analysed in detail. The study results present the prospect of controlling the output mode of the laser. Furthermore, such solid shell-based DDCLC microspheres have outstanding potential applications in miniaturised 3D Bragg lasers, sensors, and integrated and tunable optical devices.     

Multiple plasmonic effect on photocurrent generation of metal‐loaded titanium dioxide composite/dye films on gold grating surface

We demonstrate the multiple plasmonic effect on the photocurrent properties of photoanodes containing Ag or Au nanoparticles (NPs) loaded onto titanium dioxide film (Ag–TiO₂ or Au–TiO₂) on Au grating surfaces. Ag–TiO₂ or Au–TiO₂ nanocomposite particles are prepared by a flame spray pyrolysis route. The structures and morphologies of the prepared products are characterized by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The Ag–TiO₂ or Au–TiO₂ composite NPs are deposited by spin coating onto the Au grating surfaces. The photoanode electrode is a layered structure of blu‐ray disc‐recordable grating substrate/Au/Ag (or Au)–TiO₂/dye/electrolyte/indium‐tin oxide. The plasmonic effect is induced when Ag or Au NPs are located within the propagating surface plasmon (SP) field on the Au grating surface. The short‐circuit photocurrent is increased by exciting the grating‐coupled propagating SP on the Au gratings and is further enhanced by positioning the Ag or Au NPs within the grating‐coupled SP field. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.