新辅助化疗在软组织肉瘤治疗中的应用分析

目的研究并探讨新辅助化疗在软组织肉瘤治疗中的应用效果。方法选取2013年1月—2016年6月期间甘肃中医药大学临床医学院收治的软组织肉瘤共80例作为研究对象,采取单盲随机分组法随机分为对照组和观察组各40例,对照组实施手术治疗,观察组在手术前实施新辅助化疗,比较两组患者的保肢率、治疗效果、术后半年复发情况。结果观察组患者的保肢手术率为77.50%,对照组患者为55.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者的治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05);术后半年随访发现,观察组的复发率明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者在新辅助化疗期间未出现严重的不良反应。结论在软组织肉瘤患者行手术治疗前实施新辅助化疗,可提高患者的保肢率,提高治疗效果,减少复发,有利于改善预后。     

Acoustic Response of Multilayer Biostructures to Laser Irradiation and the Possibility of Using It in Surgery and Diagnostics

Aspects of the destructive action of short laser pulses on multilayer biological structures are considered theoretically. The proposed mechanisms of destruction of the native structure are cavitation, explosive evaporation, and thermocoagulation. The parameters (power and duration) of laser radiation pulses ( = 534 nm, controlling which one can choose the character of the destructive (from mechanical to pure thermal) action on the skin, have been calculated. The possibility of early diagnostics of pigmented tumors by the parameters of the hydroacoustic response of the medium is shown.     

Level and Center Frequency of the Singer''s Formant

The "singer's formant" is a prominent spectrum envelope peak near 3 kHz, typically found in voiced sounds produced by classical operatic singers. According to previous research, it is mainly a resonatory phenomenon produced by a clustering of formants 3, 4, and 5. Its level relative to the first formant peak varies depending on vowel, vocal loudness, and other factors. Its dependence on vowel formant frequencies is examined. Applying the acoustic theory of voice production, the level difference between the first and third formant is calulated for some standard vowels. The difference between observed and calculated levels is determined for various voices. It is found to vary considerably more between vowels sung by professional singers than by untrained voices. The center frequency of the singer's formant as determined from long-term spectrum analysis of commercial recordings is found to increase slightly with the pitch range of the voice classification.     

Vocal Tract Resonance Analysis of Aging Voice Using Long-Term Average Spectra

This study is the first to use long-term average spectra (LTAS) to investigate resonance characteristics of dynamic speech in young adulthood and old age. A total of 80 speakers participated, divided equally by age group and gender. All elderly speakers were healthy, active members of the community. Measurement of the first three spectral peaks in LTAS from the first paragraph of the Rainbow Passage revealed significant lowering of peak 1 from young adulthood to old age in both men and women. Peaks 2 and 3 also lowered significantly across the adult lifespan in women and showed a tendency to lower in men. These acoustic findings are consistent with anatomic data suggesting that aging results in lengthening of the supraglottic vocal tract. Findings that women demonstrate more substantial lowering of spectral peaks with aging than men suggest that women may undergo more pronounced age-related lengthening of the supraglottic vocal tract. Alternatively, it is possible that elderly men systematically alter tongue position during vowel articulation while elderly women are less inclined to do so. Taken in conjunction with previous research, these findings suggest a "mixed model" of vocal tract resonance changes with aging in which an interaction exists between gender, the resonance effects of laryngeal lowering, and vowel articulatory patterns.     

Homology manifold bordism

The Bryant-Ferry-Mio-Weinberger surgery exact sequence for compact homology manifolds of dimension is used to obtain transversality, splitting and bordism results for homology manifolds, generalizing previous work of Johnston.

First, we establish homology manifold transversality for submanifolds of dimension : if is a map from an -dimensional homology manifold to a space , and is a subspace with a topological -block bundle neighborhood, and , then is homology manifold -cobordant to a map which is transverse to , with an -dimensional homology submanifold.

Second, we obtain a codimension splitting obstruction in the Wall -group for a simple homotopy equivalence from an -dimensional homology manifold to an -dimensional Poincaré space with a codimension Poincaré subspace with a topological normal bundle, such that if (and for only if) splits at up to homology manifold -cobordism.

Third, we obtain the multiplicative structure of the homology manifold bordism groups .

     

Effects of Professional Singing Education on Vocal Vibrato—A Longitudinal Study

Vocal vibrato is regarded as one of the essential characteristics of voice quality in classical singing. Professional singers seem to develop vibrato automatically, without actively striving to acquire it. In this longitudinal investigation, the vocal vibrato of 22 singing students was examined at the beginning of and after 3 years of professional singing education. Subjects sang an ascending-descending triad pattern in slow tempo on vowel [a:] at a comfortable pitch level twice at soft (piano) and twice at medium (mezzoforte) loudness. The top note of the triad pattern was sustained for approximately 5s. The mean and the standard deviation (SD) of the vibrato rate were measured for this note. Results revealed that after 3 years of training, voices with vibrato slower than 5.2 Hz were found to have a faster vibrato, and voices with vibrato faster than 5.8 Hz were found to have a slower vibrato. Standard deviation of vibrato rate was higher in soft than in medium loudness, particularly before the education. Also high values of SD of vibrato rate, exceeding 0.65 Hz, had decreased after the education. These findings confirm that vibrato characteristics can be affected by singing education.     

On the structure of Fatou domains

Let U be a multiply-connected fixed attracting Fatou domain of a rational map f.We prove that there exist a rational map g and a completely invariant Fatou domain V of g such that(f,U) and(g,V) are holomorphically conjugate,and each non-trivial Julia component of g is a quasi-circle which bounds an eventually superattracting Fatou domain of g containing at most one postcritical point of g.Moreover,g is unique up to a holomorphic conjugation.