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951.
Fan Xia Dr. Xu Hou Liuxuan Cao Lin Wang Jianming Xue Prof. Guangzhao Zhang Prof. Yanlin Song Prof. Daoben Zhu Prof. Yugang Wang Prof. Lei Jiang Prof. 《Chemphyschem》2010,11(4):859-864
Herein we demonstrate a fully abiotic smart single‐nanopore device that rectifies ionic current in response to the temperature. The temperature‐responsive nanopore ionic rectifier can be switched between a rectifying state below 34 °C and a non‐rectifying state above 38 °C actuated by the phase transition of the poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) [PNIPAM] brushes. On the rectifying state, the rectifying efficiency can be enhanced by the dehydration of the attached PNIPAM brushes below the LCST. When the PNIPAM brushes have sufficiently collapsed, the nanopore switches to the non‐rectifying state. The concept of the temperature‐responsive current rectification in chemically‐modified nanopores paves a new way for controlling the preferential direction of the ion transport in nanofluidics by modulating the temperature, which has the potential to build novel nanomachines with smart fluidic communication functions for future lab‐on‐chip devices. 相似文献
952.
Novel drug‐loaded hydrogel beads for intestine‐targeted controlled release were developed by using pH‐ and temperature‐sensitive carboxymethyl chitosan‐graft‐poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide) (CMCTS‐g‐PDEA) hydrogel as carriers and vitamin B2 (VB2) as a model drug. The hydrogel beads were prepared based on Ca2+ ionic crosslinking in acidic solution and formed dual crosslinked network structure. The structure of hydrogel and morphology of drug‐loaded beads were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study about swelling characteristics of hydrogel beads indicated that the beads had obvious pH‐ and temperature‐sensitivity. In vitro release studies of drug‐loaded beads were carried out in pH 1.2 HCl buffer solution and pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution at 37°C, respectively. The results indicated that the dual crosslinked method could effectively control the drug release rate under gastrointestinal tract (GIT) conditions, which was superior to traditional single crosslinked beads. In addition, the effects of grafting percentage, pH value, and temperature on the release behavior of the VB2 were investigated. The drug release mechanism of CMCTS‐g‐PDEA drug‐loaded beads was analyzed by Peppa's potential equation. According to this study, the dual crosslinked hydrogel beads based on CMCTS‐g‐PDEA could serve as suitable candidate for drug site‐specific carrier in intestine. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
953.
晋城无烟煤加压快速热解特性及其对气化反应的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用自行设计的加压热重固定床反应器进行了晋城无烟煤加压快速热解特性的研究,并结合热天平半焦等温热失重分析,考察了热解温度、停留时间和热解压力等外部操作条件对煤焦快速热解半焦特性的影响。结果表明,随热解温度的提高、停留时间的延长和热解压力的增大,所得到的半焦产率降低,气化反应性减弱,活化能提高;高温产生较小的比表面积,而停留时间的延长和压力的提高产生较大的比表面积,比表面积与气化反应速率无明显的依存关系。水蒸气气化速率是CO2的四倍左右。 相似文献
954.
高温下煤焦的碳微晶及孔结构的演变行为 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以贵州煤为原料,在热解温度950℃~1400℃制备了各种慢速和快速热解焦,主要对高温热解过程中煤焦的碳微晶和孔结构的演变行为进行了研究,同时也研究了高温气化过程中煤焦的孔结构变化规律。结果表明,慢速热解焦和快速热解焦的C和H含量明显不同;随热解温度的升高,煤焦的碳微晶结构向有序化方向发展,但慢速热解煤焦比快速热解煤焦的"石墨化"程度大;快速热解煤焦的微孔比表面积和微孔容积明显高于慢速热解煤焦,即快速热解煤焦的孔隙结构明显比慢速热解煤焦发达;在气化反应初期,煤焦的微孔比表面积下降,微中孔比表面积增加,反应后期煤焦的总比表面积快速下降。 相似文献
955.
Len Herald V. Lim Andreas B. Pribil Andreas E. Ellmerer Bernhard R. Randolf Bernd M. Rode 《Journal of computational chemistry》2010,31(6):1195-1200
Simulations using ab initio quantum mechanical charge field molecular dynamics (QMCF MD) and classical molecular dynamics using two‐body and three‐body potentials were performed to investigate the hydration of the Ca2+ ion at different temperatures. Results from the simulations demonstrate significant effects of temperature on solution dynamics and the corresponding composition and structure of hydrated Ca2+. Substantial increase in ligand exchange events was observed in going from 273.15 K to 368.15 K, resulting in a redistribution of coordination numbers to lower values. The effect of temperature is also visible in a red‐shift of the ion‐oxygen stretching frequencies, reflecting weakened ligand binding. Even the moderate increase from ambient to body temperature leads to significant changes in the properties of Ca2+ in aqueous environment. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010 相似文献
956.
Novel temperature-responsive copolymers of N-isopropylacrylamide and monoaza-tetrathioether derivative, were synthesized for the selective extraction of soft metal ions such as silver(I), copper(I), gold(III) and palladium(II) ion. The ratio between N-isopropylacrylamide group and monoaza-tetrathioether group in the copolymer was determined. The ratio between N-isopropylacrylamide group and monoaza-tetrathioether group varied in the range of 66:1–187:1. Each lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polymer solution was determined spectrophotometrically by the relative absorbance change at 750 nm via temperature of the polymer solution. Metal ion extraction using the copolymer with appropriate counter anions such as picrate ion, nitrate or perchlorate ion was examined. Soft metal ions such as silver(I), copper(I), gold(III) and palladium(II) ion were extracted selectively into the solid polymer phase. The extraction efficiency of a metal ion such as silver ion increased as the increase of the ratio of the monoaza-tetrathioether group to N-isopropylacrylamide group in the polymer. The quantitative extraction of class b metal ions as well as the liquid–liquid extraction of metal ions with monoaza-tetrathioether molecule was performed. 相似文献
957.
Gerd Vanhoenacker Alberto Dos Santos Pereira Takashi Kotsuka Deirdre Cabooter Gert Desmet Pat Sandra 《Journal of chromatography. A》2010,1217(19):3217-3222
The performance of a polymeric stationary phase with reversed-phase properties (ET-RP1) was evaluated for LC separations at elevated temperature. The most significant observation was that the reduced plate height (h) decreased from 3.4 at 25 °C (optimal flow 0.5 mL/min) to 2.4 at 150 °C (optimal flow 2.5 mL/min) which is comparable to the efficiency obtained with silica-based reversed-phase columns of 4.6 mm ID operated at 0.8 mL/min. The phase showed no deterioration after long use at 150 °C within the pH range 1–9. Catalytic activity originating from the stationary phase material, e.g. as experienced on zirconium columns operated at elevated temperature, was absent. The performance of ET-RP1 is illustrated with the analysis of some pharmaceutical samples by LC and LC–MS. Operation at elevated temperature also allows to reduce the amount of organic modifier or to replace acetonitrile and methanol by the biodegradable ethanol. 相似文献
958.
在不同的焙烧温度下制备了 Pt-Sn/SAPO-34 催化剂, 并使用 X 射线衍射、N2 吸附、X 射线荧光光谱、O2 脉冲烧炭、H2 程序升温还原和透射电镜等手段对催化剂进行了表征. 在微型反应器中评价了 Pt-Sn/SAPO-34 催化剂对丙烷脱氢制丙烯反应的催化性能, 考察了焙烧温度和反应气氛对催化剂性能的影响. 结果表明, 焙烧温度为 500 oC 时, 催化剂具有最佳的反应活性. 当焙烧温度高于 500 oC 时, 催化剂出现不希望的表面变化, 例如活性 Pt 位点的聚集、Pt 的团聚、Sn 的流失等. 当反应温度为 595 oC 时, Pt-Sn/SAPO-34 催化性能稳定, 且能够保持表面金属状态. 相似文献
959.
研究了电解质和pH值对毒死蜱微乳剂透明温度范围的影响,表面活性剂采用特殊苯乙基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚和十二烷基苯磺酸钙(DBSCa)(质量比为3:7)复合物,质量分数75%毒死蜱二甲苯溶液为油相。研究结果表明,电解质的加入对表面活性剂作用的微乳剂透明温度范围均有显著影响,使上限温度明显下降;随阳离子电解质质量分数增加,上限温度下降;随阴离子电解质价数增加,上限温度先略增加后下降。电解质及其价数对下限温度影响均不大。弱酸性介质有利于扩大体系的透明温度范围,使上限温度达到最大值;而强酸性和强碱性介质,均使体系的上限温度下降。体系下限温度随pH值的增加缓慢升高。 相似文献
960.
提出了一种在室温、大气环境等温和条件下通过酯化反应将端羧基聚合物链接枝到纳米SiO2微球表面从而制备有机/无机复合纳米微粒的新方法.该方法通过以下两个步骤得以实现,即第一,用3-环氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷对纳米SiO2微球表面进行改性处理,接着将引入到纳米SiO2表面的环氧基团转化为烷羟基基团;第二,通过引入到纳米SiO2微球表面的烷羟基与聚合物中的端羧基在室温下发生酯化反应,从而将聚合物接枝到纳米SiO2表面制得复合微球.利用XPS、FTIR、TEM和TGA等测试手段对纳米SiO2的改性过程以及聚合物接枝后得到的复合微球进行了表征.研究结果表明,该室温酯化接枝方法具有较高的接枝率,接枝到无机纳米微粒表面的聚合物占复合微球质量的55wt%~70wt%;接枝聚合物后,纳米SiO2微球的粒径从40nm增加到64~75nm,从而得到了以SiO2为核、以聚合物为壳的有机-无机复合微球. 相似文献