THz干涉测量用于障碍物后振动传感的研究

为探索THz干涉技术用于障碍物后振动传感的可行性,采用工作波长214.58 μm （对应频率约1.4 THz）的CO2激光器泵浦气体太赫兹源搭建了一套基于迈克尔逊干涉仪结构的THz干涉测量装置,实验研究了薄纸板遮挡后敲击目标镜产生的微小振动,利用相位分析法和频谱分析法对振动干涉信号进行处理,得到了振动位移随时间的变化以及不同时段振动频率的分布情况,测得的峰峰值振幅最小为7.98 μm,最大为17.54 μm,振动峰值速度为2.7 mm/s,振动频率最小21 Hz,最大58 Hz.研究结果表明THz干涉测量技术能有效克服传统振动传感技术无法穿透障碍物的缺点,是一种简便有效的障碍物后振动传感的新型手段,预示了THz技术在振动检测相关领域的广阔应用前景.     

基于自适应窗的合成孔径激光雷达联合时频成像方法

传统距离-多普勒算法中观测期间多普勒频率为常量的假设在合成孔径激光雷达系统中不再成立.根据合成孔径激光雷达回波信号模型,推导计算了振动对合成孔径激光雷达回波相位的影响.根据实际情况引入振动频率不超过500 Hz、振幅不超过0.2 mm的机载平台微振动参量,结果表明载机微振动对合成孔径激光雷达成像的方位分辨率影响很大,而对距离分辨率影响不大.采用时频分析成像方法,能够有效克服传统距离-多普勒算法对时变信号处理的局限性.分析比较Wigner-Ville分布、伪WWigner-Ville分布和平滑伪Wigner-Ville分布作为核函数的时频成像结果,均无法兼顾成像分辨率和成像效率.据此本文提出了一种基于自适应窗的联合时频成像方法,根据变异系数和变异阈值的比较自适应地调整子区域窗口大小,从而达到成像分辨率和算法效率的平衡优化.仿真结果表明,本算法对成像分辨率影响不大,成像时间减少近69.87%,适用于合成孔径激光雷达对成像高分辨率和成像效率的要求.     

双酚A和双酚A二缩水甘油醚振动谱的理论和实验比较分析

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算,本文研究双酚A(BPA)和双酚A二缩水甘油醚(EDGEBA)分子的结构和振动性质,分析了两种分子红外活性和拉曼活性特征振动的频率和对称性。计算结果表明,BPA分子的拉曼散射峰基本归属于对位取代苯的骨架振动,500~1600cm-1红外强度较强;对于DGEBA分子环氧基团指纹区的特征振动频率为860,930,1123,1260cm-1,其红外光谱强度较大,可用于DGEBA类树脂固化反应过程监控;1260cm1附近的振动模,其拉曼散射强度较高,可成为拉曼光谱研究固化反应过程的特征振动。而1160cm-1附近的振动属于芳香环的特征振动,强度基本不变。     

Vibration and stability analysis of thick orthotropic plates using hybrid-Trefftz elements

This paper discusses the vibration and stability analysis of thick orthotropic plate structures using finite elements based on the hybrid-Trefftz formulation. While the formulation can be used for elements of arbitrary geometry, the paper concentrates on the use of a simple and robust triangular element. The key feature of the formulation is to use element interpolations that are consistent for all values of the plate thickness, including the limit when it goes to zero. This eliminates the locking problem automatically and ensures a robust approximation for thick and thin plates. Results for various problems are included to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the element.     

激光诱导击穿光谱技术对火车车轮钢中成分的原位统计分布分析表征

随着铁路规模的迅速扩大,对列车运行的可靠性及耐久性的要求也越来越高,车轮作为铁路机车车辆行走系统的核心部件,它与轨道之间的摩擦既要保证安全又要提升速度,车轮材料的性能直接影响车轮对磨损和滚动接触疲劳损伤的敏感性,其服役性能也受到高度关注。研究表明,车轮钢材料的成分及分布状态可对其组织性能产生显著影响,因此,运用激光诱导击穿光谱分析技术结合原位统计分布分析方法,通过其可多元素同步快速分析的高效性、较好的空间分辨能力、较大区域内的扫描分析能力等技术优势,结合统计分布分析方法,实现对车轮钢材料成分及其分布状态的快速表征。选取垂直于车轮轮辋外侧面作为分析面,对其进行低倍检测观察到在远离踏面的区域存在明显的粗大树枝晶结构,其组织结构存在不均匀性,并以此作为特征分析区域进行取样,采用320目的氧化铝砂纸进行表面处理,利用LIBSOPA系统进行成分分布分析。首先,在不同剥蚀条件下对各元素特征谱线的光谱信号强度及其稳定性进行比对分析,优化选定了20个预剥蚀10个剥蚀作为实验条件;其次,采用内标法建立了火车车轮钢中Si,Mn,P,S,Cr,Ni,Mo,Cu和V等九个元素的定量分析方法并对车轮钢样品中的元素含量进行测定,其定量结果与直读光谱分析的结果具有较好的一致性;最后对样品进行了区域扫描并运用统计偏析度对各元素的成分分布状态进行了统计表征,成分分布分区统计结果显示所有元素靠近踏面区域的统计偏析度均小于远离踏面区的统计偏析度,结合成分二维分布图可知,测试样品远离踏面区域的成分分布不均匀,其结果与低倍检验方法观察到的结果对应性较好。运用LIBSOPA 技术实现了对火车车轮钢材料中多元素的成分分布表征,为快速判定车轮钢材料成分及分布状态提供了全新的思路和表征手段。     

Separation efficiency of liquid–solid undergoing vibration based on breakage of liquid bridge

Vibrating separation is a significant method for liquid–solid separation. A typical example is the vibrating screen to dewater wet granular matter. The properties of granular matter and the vibrating parameters significantly affect the separation efficiency. This study investigates the effect of vibration parameters in separation based on the breakage of large-scale liquid bridge numerically by using a calibrated simulation model. Through analysing the simulation results, the liquid bridge shape and the volume between two sphere particles for various particle sizes and particle distances were studied in the static condition under the effect of gravity. The results show a general reducing trend of liquid bridge volume when the radius ratio of two particles increases, particularly when the ratio increases to 5. Additionally, a set of vibrating motion was applied to the liquid bridge in the simulation model. A group of experiments were also performed to validate the simulation model with vibration. Then, the effect of vibrating peak acceleration, distance between spheres and radius on the separation efficiency which was reflected by the residual water were investigated. It is found that separation efficiency increased obviously with the peak acceleration and the increase slowed down after the peak acceleration over 1 m/s².     

Vocal and Laryngeal Effects of Voiced Tongue Vibration Technique According to Performance Time

Our objective is to study the vocal and laryngeal effect as well as the negative signs and sensations related to the voiced tongue vibration technique (VTVT), regarding the time of performance (from 0 to 7 minutes). Thirty adults (15 men and 15 women) with no vocal complaints nor laryngeal disorders were involved. All subjects underwent laryngostroboscopic and auditory perceptual analysis and answered about the existence of uncomfortable sensations that occurred during the exercise (1, 3, 5, and 7 minutes) and postexercise. For the auditory perceptual analysis, the female group presented better outcomes in the third minute of exercise, whereas in general the male group showed no modification because of performance time. Some men presented a significant change in the parameters involved from the fifth minute on. Men and women showed a gradual increase of undesirable sensations. It is extremely important that the performance time of the VTVT is properly prescribed to provide the expected results, without causing undue injuries to the vocal system. Therefore, we suggest this technique should be recommended for 3 and 5 minutes for women and men, respectively.     

The Ramsey number of paths with respect to wheels

For graphs G and H, the Ramsey numberR(G,H) is the smallest positive integer n such that every graph F of order n contains G or the complement of F contains H. For the path P_n and the wheel W_m, it is proved that R(P_n,W_m)=2n-1 if m is even, m?4, and n?(m/2)(m-2), and R(P_n,W_m)=3n-2 if m is odd, m?5, and n?(m-1/2)(m-3).     

Effect of small-amplitude vibrations on viscoelastic flows in a plane slider bearing

The qualitative changes of dynamic lift and friction forces caused by small-amplitude harmonic vibrations superimposed on flows in a plane slider bearing are considered for simple viscous and viscoelastic lubricating fluids. Low- and high-frequency disturbances are analysed in greater detail and the most beneficial situations discussed.     

空间桁架结构的优化配置及振动控制研究

为抑制空间柔性桁架结构的低频振动,采用压电杆件进行优化配置实现桁架结构的振动主动控制。建立了空间桁架结构主动压电杆件的机电耦合模型,利用ANSYS前处理功能编制了压电桁架的机电耦合有限元程序。将可控性度量指标与逐步消减法相结合,实现了空间桁架结构主动杆件的优化配置。对结构进行初始位移扰动、正弦激励以及随机激励,并采用最优模态控制算法进行振动抑制仿真分析,对上述方法进行验证且建立振动控制评价指标进行评价。结果表明将可控性度量指标与逐步消减法相结合的方法可有效抑制空间柔性桁架结构的振动。