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981.
The literature about direct solid sample analysis of the past 10–15 years using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
has been reviewed. It was found that in the vast majority of publications aqueous standards were reported as having been used
for calibration after careful program optimization. This means the frequently expressed claim that certified reference materials
with a matrix composition and analyte content close to that of the sample have to be used for calibration in solid sample
analysis is not confirmed in the more recent literature. There are obviously limitations, and there are examples in the literature
where even calibration with certified reference materials did not lead to accurate results. In these cases the problem is
typically associated with spectral interferences that cannot be corrected properly by the systems available for conventional
line source atomic absorption spectrometry, including Zeeman-effect background correction. Using high-resolution continuum
source atomic absorption spectrometry, spectral interferences become visible owing to the display of the spectral environment
at both sides of the analytical line at high resolution, which makes program optimization straightforward. Any spectrally
continuous background absorption is eliminated automatically, and even rapidly changing background absorption does not cause
any artifacts, as measurement and correction of background absorption are truly simultaneous. Any kind of fine-structured
background can be eliminated by “subtracting” reference spectra using a least-squares algorithm. Aqueous standards are used
for calibration in all published applications of high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry to direct
solid sample analysis.
This contribution is based on a presentation given at the Colloquium for Analytical Atomic Spectroscopy (CANAS ‘07) held March
18–21, 2007 in Constance, Germany. 相似文献
982.
Gjertrud Maurstad Andreas R. Bausch Pawel Sikorski Bjørn T. Stokke 《Macromolecular Symposia》2005,227(1):161-172
The thickness and surface morphology of electrostatically self-assembled films of chitosan and xanthan (persistence length of ∼120nm) have been studied using dual-wavelength Reflection Interference Contrast Microscopy (DW-RICM) and tapping mode Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The multilayers were prepared at two ionic strengths (5mM and 150mM). When the multilayers were assembled at 150 mM a network like morphology was observed after one bilayer. This structure was found to be of large influence in the further growth of the multilayers, with the same kind of network structure being observed at all number of bilayers. A lack of swelling behaviour, as well as the network structure and the poresize of the network, is suggested to originate from the high chain stiffness of xanthan. 相似文献
983.
在前文工作的基础上,结合MNDO/EHMO分子轨道方法和自然杂化轨道方法,具体计算了C-C键和C-P键的核自旋偶合常数.计算结果表明,1JCC和1JCP主要由成键原子的轨道杂化作用和键极性这两种结构因素所决定.为从简单价键理论角度解释和计算1JCC和1JCP值提供了简便直观的方法. 相似文献
984.
We add some useful formulations except for Ref. [4], then investigate the squeezing properties of the atomic collective dipole phase quadrature operators with respect to three-level atomic coherent state in detail. We mainly discuss two extreme cases concerning parameter α and β and obtain some interesting conclusions. 相似文献
985.
Taking into account the effects of Stark shift and Kerr medium, the dynamics of a two-level atom interacting with a quantized cavity field and the evolution of the cavity field entropy are investigated in this paper, the comparison between both systems of Stark shift and Kerr medium is given. The results show that, the effects of Stark shift and Kerr medium change the quasiperiod of the atomic inversion and the field entropy evolution. 相似文献
986.
S. Boichot M. Fromm C. Savall F. Palmino J. C. Labrune A. Chambaudet 《Radiation measurements》1999,31(1-6):233-236
For the observation of nuclear tracks, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a useful technique. In our study, we have irradiated a muscovite mica sample using 600 keV oxygen ions. This ion's energy is well below the detection threshold predicted by the existing models. The samples were visualized at high resolution with an AFM device. Before chemical etching no tracks were visualized on the surface at an atomic level. However, defects must have been initiated because tracks became observable after a brief etching time. Our results confirm that the detection threshold is influenced by the observation tool. In this article we provide information concerning the “observability” and “etchability” of latent tracks. 相似文献
987.
Z. Zhiguo L. Zhongshan J. Zhankui 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》1999,7(4):499-502
f-values for ultraviolet transitions from nine excited levels in LaII have been deduced by a combination of lifetime and branching
ratio measurements using time-resolved laser spectroscopy and the emission spectrum from a hollow cathode lamp. Part of the
present results is compared with previous results.
Received 10 February 1999 and Received in final form 22 April 1999 相似文献
988.
王梦 《浙江大学学报(理学版)》1999,26(4):1-7
本文讨论了乘积域Rn×Rm上一类带粗糙核的奇异积分算子的Lp(Rn×Rm)有界性。这里,Ω为原子Hardy空间H1a(Sn-1×Sm-1)中的函数,h为L∞(Lq)(R+×R+)中的径向函数,Φ(t)满足一定的增长条件。 相似文献
989.
990.
原子的径向距离r是原子、分子结构的重要信息.Fraga”’和Slater’‘’等人指出:<r-’>正比于电子亲和势和电子势能,<r-’>与元素的电负性有关,<r-’>与电场梯度、磁偶极子相互作用、轨一旅耦合相关,<>与屏蔽常数有关,<严>与抗磁化率有关,<尸>近似等于球形对称原子的极化率,</>与晶体场分裂能相关.由此可见,·精确求解原子及其轨道的径向期望值对原子、分子相关性质的研究具有重要意义.ShustCk、Pekeris、Weiss、Baker和Wakim等人”-’‘分别研究了某些原子特定态的电子结构及其径向期望值,但其成果比较… 相似文献