238U(n,f)短寿命产物核累积产额的评价(英文)

为满足堆内或核爆中链式反应过程的燃耗值的计算需要，对裂变谱中子和14MeV中子诱发238U裂变的短寿命产物核的累积产额进行了评价。评价利用了所有可利用的实验数据， 经物理分析后， 使用AVERAGE程序加权平均， 用ZOTT程序进行同时评价， 给出了所要求能点的唯一最佳推荐数据， 并将评价结果与ENDF/B-VII， JEF-2.2， JENDL-3.2和CENDL-2的推荐数据进行了比较。 评价结果将用于CENDL-2的更新与升级。For reliable and consistent nuclear calculation, the cumulative yields for short lived fission products are evaluated based on the available experimental data for 238U fission induced by fission spectrum neutrons and ~14 MeV neutrons. The data are processed using codes AVERAGE for weighed average and ZOOT for simultaneous evaluation. The evaluated data are compared with those in the major international nuclear data libraries, including ENDF/B-VII, JEF-2.2, JENDL-3.2 and CENDL-2. The present evaluation will be used to improve and update the CENDL-2 library.     

ChemInform Abstract: A Density Functional Study of the Various Forms of UN4O12 Containing Uranyl Nitrate

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.     

ICP-MS法测定人体器官中Cs,Th和U的分布

采用ICP-MS对10种人体器官组织样品中的痕量Cs, Th和U进行了研究, 选择了最佳仪器工作参数, 用Rh为内标元素补偿基体效应和灵敏度漂移, 检出限为Th 5.7×10-3, U 1.04×10-2, Cs 1.78×10-2 ng·mL-1. 随同样品分析了NIST SRM 8414牛肌肉和NIST SRM 1486骨粗粉标准参考物质, 测得值与标准参考值吻合. 用HNO3和HClO4混合酸消解样品, 不须分离富集, 直接对人尸体的肺、肝、骨胳、甲状腺、小肠、胃、肌肉、肾、脾和心脏中痕量Cs, Th和U进行测定. 结果表明 ICP-MS方法可以准确、精密地测定人体器官中的微量Cs, Th和U; 这3个元素在人体各个器官的分布各异, 例如Th和U主要分布在肺和肾, 而Cs则在全身相对均匀分布; 来自不同省市的肺部Cs, Th和U含量之间具有显著性差异, 且同一地区人肺样品中的Cs, Th和U浓度呈现同升共降的趋势, 说明Cs, Th和U在人体器官的积蓄和各地的环境、饮食相关.     

Left-Right Non-Linear Dynamical Higgs

All the possible CP-conserving non-linear operators up to the p⁴-order in the Lagrangian expansion are analysed here for the left-right symmetric model in the non-linear electroweak chiral context coupled to a light dynamical Higgs. The low energy effects will be triggered by an emerging new physics field content in the nature, more specifically, from spin-1 resonances sourced by the straightforward extension of the SM local gauge symmetry to the larger local group SU(2)_L×SU(2)_R×U(1)_B-L. Low energy phenomenology will be altered by integrating out the resonances from the physical spectrum, being manifested through induced corrections onto the left handed operators. Such modifications are weighted by powers of the scales ratio implied by the symmetries of the model and will determine the size of the effective operator basis to be used. The recently observed diboson excess around the invariant mass 1.8 TeV-2 TeV entails a scale suppression that suggests to encode the low energy effects via a much smaller set of effective operators.     

金属掺杂的CeO2体系电子结构和氧离子迁移能的DFT+U研究

使用DFT和DFT+U方法研究了Ca,Ba,Sm与Zr在CeO₂体系中的掺杂能及其掺杂对缺陷形成能和氧离子迁移能的影响规律. 计算结果表明,对未含有氧离子空位的掺杂体系,掺杂能随着掺杂离子半径的增大而增大;对含有氧离子空位的掺杂体系,掺杂能受到掺杂离子半径和价态的影响;对各种掺杂体系电子结构的研究发现,在还原CeO₂,Zr和Sm掺杂的CeO₂体系中,由于氧空位捕获电子使Fermi能级升高;在碱土金属掺杂的CeO₂体系中,由于Ca²⁺和Ba²⁺取代高价态Ce⁴⁺而产生的负电荷恰恰与氧离子空位产生的正电荷中和,因此Fermi能级几乎没有移动;还原CeO₂和Zr掺杂的CeO₂体系均含有Ce³⁺,其新态位于Ce4f和O2p之间,这将导致CeO₂体系具有离子和电子导电特性;Ca,Ba和Sm的掺杂均抑制了CeO₂体系中Ce⁴⁺的变价. 使用NEB方法对氧离子迁移能进行了研究,且结果表明,氧离子到空位的迁移路径几乎沿一条直线进行;当掺杂Ca,Ba,Sm与Zr时,氧离子迁移能均小于纯CeO₂体系的;在这些掺杂体系中,Ba掺杂的体系氧离子迁移能最小,掺杂能较大,这可能导致在实验中常通过加入第三类掺杂物来引入Ba.     

Systematics on fission fragment mass distribution of neutron induced 235U fission

Based on the neutron induced fission fragment mass distribution data up to     

Small angle neutron scattering study of U(VI) third phase formation in HNO<Subscript>3</Subscript>/DHDECMP-<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-dodecane system

Small angle neutron scattering studies (SANS) were carried out to understand the formation of third phase in DHDECMP-dodecane-UO₂(NO₃)₂/HNO₃ system. It was observed that third phase formation takes place due to the formation of UO₂(NO₃)₂.DHDECMP reverse micelles in the dodecane phase. SANS data obtained were interpreted with particle interaction model using Baxter sticky spheres model.      

镧系元素掺杂TiO_2的电子和光学特性的第一性原理计算

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理局部密度近似法,结合Hubbard U校正(LDA+U),研究了镧系元素掺杂的锐钛矿型TiO_2的取代能、热力学电荷跃迁能级和光学性质.除La之外的所有镧系元素,在掺杂时向主带隙中引入杂质态.所得取代能表明了镧系元素掺杂TiO_2的可行性.同时预测了最佳掺杂比例约为3%,由Ce、Nd、Sm、Gd或Tm掺杂引入的掺杂能级具有负U特性.另外,所得热力学跃迁能级预测了Lu在主带隙内不发生电荷跃迁.算出的光吸收系数表明镧系元素掺杂可使TiO_2具有可见光吸收性能.     

A remark on sums of units

For everyn≧2 we construct a factorial domainR for whichn minimal with the property that every element can be written as the sum of at mostn units.     

Neighborhood filters and PDE’s

Denoising images can be achieved by a spatial averaging of nearby pixels. However, although this method removes noise it creates blur. Hence, neighborhood filters are usually preferred. These filters perform an average of neighboring pixels, but only under the condition that their grey level is close enough to the one of the pixel in restoration. This very popular method unfortunately creates shocks and staircasing effects. In this paper, we perform an asymptotic analysis of neighborhood filters as the size of the neighborhood shrinks to zero. We prove that these filters are asymptotically equivalent to the Perona–Malik equation, one of the first nonlinear PDE’s proposed for image restoration. As a solution, we propose an extremely simple variant of the neighborhood filter using a linear regression instead of an average. By analyzing its subjacent PDE, we prove that this variant does not create shocks: it is actually related to the mean curvature motion. We extend the study to more general local polynomial estimates of the image in a grey level neighborhood and introduce two new fourth order evolution equations.This work has been partially financed by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES), the Office of Naval Research under grant N00014-97-1-0839, the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia under grant MTM2005-08567. During this work, the first author had a fellowship of the Govern de les Illes Balears for the realization of his PhD.