Fourier transform moiré tomography for high-sensitivity mapping asymmetric 3-D temperature field

Fourier transform evaluation for moiré deflectogram is proposed to automatically map the temperature field. The moiré deflectogram is generated by conventional deflectometer and is analyzed by means of Fourier transform algorithm. The convolution backprojection algorithm is used for the optical tomography. Asymmetric 3-D gas temperature distribution for a given layer is reconstructed.     

The Progression of the Impurities Injected into the Plasma Following by Soft X-ray Arrays on HL-2A Tokamak

Small amounts of metallic impurity is injected by laser blow-off on HL-2A tokamak in order to study transport phenomena. The particle transport is interpretated along     

Deflection tomographic reconstruction of a complex flow field from incomplete projection data

Tomographic techniques are used for the investigation of complex flow fields by means of deflectometric methods. In this experiment, a modified algebraic reconstruction technique (ART) was applied to moiré deflection tomography. The algorithm was derived from the basic deflection formula and the deflection angles were used directly in iteration, which is completely different from the conventional ARTs with integral calculation that are commonly used in deflection tomography. A smoothing scheme was employed to improve the reconstruction under ill-posed conditions. The reconstruction technique was tested using simulated data for incompleteness conditions similar to those found in the experimental data. The complex density field with an opaque object in a supersonic wind tunnel was reconstructed from limited view angle projections, and the experimental reconstruction was then compared with the result obtained from the computational fluid dynamic analysis. The following paper details the experiment and discusses some measurement errors that occurred in the process.     

Disrupted cortical connectivity theory as an explanatory model for autism spectrum disorders

Recent findings of neurological functioning in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) point to altered brain connectivity as a key feature of its pathophysiology. The cortical underconnectivity theory of ASD (Just et al., 2004) provides an integrated framework for addressing these new findings. This theory suggests that weaker functional connections among brain areas in those with ASD hamper their ability to accomplish complex cognitive and social tasks successfully. We will discuss this theory, but will modify the term underconnectivity to ‘disrupted cortical connectivity’ to capture patterns of both under- and over-connectivity in the brain. In this paper, we will review the existing literature on ASD to marshal supporting evidence for hypotheses formulated on the disrupted cortical connectivity theory. These hypotheses are: 1) underconnectivity in ASD is manifested mainly in long-distance cortical as well as subcortical connections rather than in short-distance cortical connections; 2) underconnectivity in ASD is manifested only in complex cognitive and social functions and not in low-level sensory and perceptual tasks; 3) functional underconnectivity in ASD may be the result of underlying anatomical abnormalities, such as problems in the integrity of white matter; 4) the ASD brain adapts to underconnectivity through compensatory strategies such as overconnectivity mainly in frontal and in posterior brain areas. This may be manifested as deficits in tasks that require frontal–parietal integration. While overconnectivity can be tested by examining the cortical minicolumn organization, long-distance underconnectivity can be tested by cognitively demanding tasks; and 5) functional underconnectivity in brain areas in ASD will be seen not only during complex tasks but also during task-free resting states. We will also discuss some empirical predictions that can be tested in future studies, such as: 1) how disrupted connectivity relates to cognitive impairments in skills such as Theory-of-Mind, cognitive flexibility, and information processing; and 2) how connection abnormalities relate to, and may determine, behavioral symptoms hallmarked by the triad of Impairments in ASD. Furthermore, we will relate the disrupted cortical connectivity model to existing cognitive and neural models of ASD.     

差分吸收光谱CT诊断技术

提出了浓度场测量的差分吸收光谱层析技术,设计出一种由光源及控制系统、光学扫描测量系统和数据采集及处理系统三部分组成的典型差分吸收光谱层析诊断系统.采用改进的联合代数重建算法进行层析图像重建,数值模拟结果表明：在0°~180°视场范围内,在4个不同的投影方向获取投影数据的条件下,能有效地重建出待测场分布,其最大误差不大于5％,平均误差不大于1％.     

Single-photon compressive imaging with some performance benefits over raster scanning

A single-photon imaging system based on compressed sensing has been developed to image objects under ultra-low illumination. With this system, we have successfully realized imaging at the single-photon level with a single-pixel avalanche photodiode without point-by-point raster scanning. From analysis of the signal-to-noise ratio in the measurement we find that our system has much higher sensitivity than conventional ones based on point-by-point raster scanning, while the measurement time is also reduced.     

Investigation of the synergy in intumescent polyurethane by 3D computed tomography

The morphology of carbonized materials resulting from an intumescence phenomenon was studied. The investigated material is a polyurethane matrix filled either by 30 wt.-% of ammonium polyphosphate or by a combination of 28 wt.-% of ammonium polyphosphate and 2 wt.-% of nano-magnesium oxide. These fillers were incorporated in the polyurethane directly during the synthesis step. The carbonized materials or char, are obtained in a specific fire scenario. Characterization of their morphology is carried out using X-ray computed tomography. The heat conductivity of the systems is additionally measured as a function of temperature in order to correlate structure and properties of the intumescent residues. The formation of different char structures with incorporation of magnesium oxide (in particular formation of bubbles of different size) is first evidenced. These observations are consistent with the heat conductivity data. Tomography images demonstrate that the intumescence process is a dynamic process since non degraded polymer is left at the beginning of the fire test, which is not the case for longer time. The dispersion of fillers has finally been investigated in the chars and it is evidenced different steps of intumescence's development in the material.     

混凝土单轴压缩下细观损伤特性的CT研究

混凝土是一种非均质的材料,在细观层次上将混凝土看作由骨料、砂浆和两者之间的界面组成的三相复合材料.本文利用CT技术对混凝土的细观损伤过程进行实时扫描观测,获得了混凝土试件实时静力压缩CT图像,提取出图像上各点的CT数并根据分区理论定义了一个基于CT数的统计损伤变量.通过对图像和CT数以及损伤变量的分析表明混凝土试件在静力压缩条件下经历了压密阶段、扩容阶段,损伤急剧增大到破坏的细观损伤演化全过程,以此反映了混凝土细观损伤演化的特性.进而通过细观损伤对混凝土材料裂纹的扩展、贯通以及最后失稳破坏的破坏实质进行了有益的探索.     

Reconstructing Boundary Points of Convex Sets from X-ray Pictures

A method for the reconstruction of boundary points of convex sets is provided starting from three X-ray pictures in two orthogonal directions and from a point.