空间相机调焦机构的设计与分析

设计了一种用于空间相机的调焦机构,该机构采用步进电机带动的精密步进谐波传动。波发生器由椭圆凸轮与套在其上的柔性轴承组成,输出端连接滚珠丝杠将旋转运动转化为直线运动,带动调焦镜沿直线导轨往复运动,其中输出刚轮与绝对式编码器相连,检测调焦移动位移。该机构具有传动比大、精度高、结构紧凑、效率高、运转平稳等特点。针对该机构在空间相机的实际应用,推导出了调焦机构位移与焦面移动的位置关系,并对该调焦机构进行了误差分析,用闭环控制的方式对其精度进行了检测。试验数据表明,该调焦机构传动比为1：70,重复定位精度为2μm,满足空间相机使用要求。     

近代高分辨地球成像商业卫星

综述了美国DigitalGlobe公司的QuickBird,WorldView-1,WorldView-2卫星和GeoEye公司的IKONOS,GeoEye-1,GeoEye-2等卫星的发展概况。分析评论了这些不同发射时间和使用年代的近代高分辨地球成像商业卫星及其空间相机的主要技术指标和特点,指出了研制小型、灵巧性卫星是近代高分辨地球成像商业卫星的发展趋势,其中需要解决的核心技术主要包括卫星的精密姿态控制、小像元尺寸和高积分级数TDICCD的研制,小相对孔径光学系统的设计以及用于图像增强的数字图像处理技术等。     

Depth sensing using coherence mapping

A method for depth sensing based on sensing the visibility associated with the coherence function of a laser source is presented. The setup is based on an electronic speckle pattern interferometric (ESPI) setup, where the object depth is encoded into the amplitude of the interference pattern without the need for depth scanning. After performing phase-shifting method, the object three-dimensional (3-D) shape is reconstructed by means as a range image from the visibility of the image set of interferograms and where each gray level represents a given object depth. Experimental results validate the proposed approach for reflective diffuse objects at different measurement distances.     

Research on the propagation properties of hollow laser beams with three-dimensional trap optical distribution

A new kind of hollow beams - hollow laser beams with three-dimension trap optical distribution - was put forward. With the help of the Collins formula in paraxial optical system, the analytical equation of propagation and transformation of the hollow laser beams was deduced. According to the analytical equation, the propagation properties of the kind of hollow beams that transform in free space were simulated. In the experiment, we obtained the hollow laser beams by means of the combinational optical system of reflecting positive-axis and negative-axis pyramids. The intensity of the vertical loop in different distances was tested, which shows that the analytical equation of propagation and transformation is in agreement with the result.     

基于相机标定的双目三维景物重建方法

介绍了一种基于相机标定的双目静止镜头下的三维景物重建方法.方法假设已经通过相机标定的方法得到两个相机的内外投影矩阵参数,通过投影矩阵和几何的方法,配合图像配准技术,恢复感兴趣场景的深度信息,达到三维景物重建的目的.本方法主要是基于几何变换的方法,巧妙避开了三维投影矩阵的计算,直接从真实图像映射为虚拟极平面图像,可以达到比较好的效果.     

实现金属环动态拉伸的电磁加载技术研究

描述了实现金属环动态拉伸的电磁膨胀环实验方法,改进了快速放电和短路开关两个实现自由膨胀的关键问题,为研究材料本构关系、动态断裂和破碎提供了一条简单而实用的加载途径。主回路电流由Rogowski线圈测量获得,金属环的膨胀速度由狭缝扫描相机测量得到,并由电动力学方程可计算出金属环中的流动应力、应变、应变率以及温升等动态力学参数。     

3D differential game guidance

Three-dimensional guidance in the neighborhood of collision course, based on a terminal differential game, renders ellipsoidal control sets. As a result, a saddle-point contains singularities. This paper (a) generalizes previous results on linear dynamics with terminal cost and ellipsoidal control sets and (b) applies the results to the above guidance problem to include general missile and target transfer functions. We further demonstrate the construction of the isocost surfaces (tubes).     

基于异步时序的高帧频相机垂直拖尾处理

介绍一种高帧频相机垂直拖尾影响的解决方法,该方法同时考虑连续采集模式下帧间图像和像元合并（binning）技术的影响。与常用的静态图像拖尾处理的算法如逆向逐行修正算法相比,该算法非常适用于连续图像拖尾处理,特别是经过Binning后获取的图像。在某自主研制的基于异步时序的40 000 帧/秒高速相机中应用该方法,有效去除了拖尾影响。最后,运用该方法处理的图像验证了算法的有效性。     

Testing of a scintillator and fibre optic based radiation sensor

We describe the optimisation of RadLine^®; a small, real time, remotely operated radiation detector, which consists of an inorganic scintillation crystal coupled to a fibre optic cable transporting produced photons to a CCD camera some distance away. RadLine^® is tested in a beta and gamma narrow radiation field of 2.4 GBq, from a Caesium-137 (662 KeV) source, at doses rates between 0.125 mSvhr⁻¹ and 10 mSvhr⁻¹. Our results establish that the lower limit of the device corresponds to a dose rate of 0.2 mSvhr⁻¹, constrained by the signal to noise ratio of the instrument. We also demonstrate the process of characterising the RadLine^® for utilisation underwater due to its partial electrical inactiveness; and to consider how the instrument might perform in aquatic environments and ultimately in a First Generation Magnox Storage Ponds (FGMSP). The RadLine^® brings a marked difference to actual underwater radiation monitoring devices such as; HPGe, CZT and GM detectors, which not only incorporate the whole electronics within and are more bulky, only perform over a short range. The RadLine^®’s design offers signification value for intermediate (>100 m) and long range detection.