Plasma enhanced CVD of SiOxCyHz thin film on different textile fabrics: Influence of exposure time on the abrasion resistance and mechanical properties

In order to improve textile fabric abrasion resistance, in this work a SiO_xC_yH_z thin film was realized by low pressure plasma chemical vapour deposition (PCVD) at room temperature, using hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) as precursor compound. To test changes in the performance properties of the surface finished samples as a function of the type of the substrate, the deposition was carried out on different textile fabrics. The polymerization processes were followed by weight measurements of textile fabrics. It was found that, after PCVD, a significantly lower fabric weight loss was observed on treated samples after rubbing than on the untreated samples. The morphology, elemental composition and type of chemical bonding present in the film applied on textile fabrics were also investigated using electron scanning microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and infrared spectroscopy techniques (FT-IR (ATR)). The results showed a substantial enhancement of wear resistance for the surfaces modified with the presented process, while tensile and tearing strength were adversely affected.     

Decontamination of textile wastewater via TiO2/activated carbon composite materials

Water scarcity and pollution rank equal to climate change as the most urgent environmental turmoil for the 21st century. To date, the percolation of textile effluents into the waterways and aquifer systems, remain an intricate conundrum abroad the nations. With the renaissance of activated carbon, there has been a steadily growing interest in the research field. Recently, the adoption of titanium dioxide, a prestigious advanced photo-catalyst which formulates the new growing branch of activated carbon composites for enhancement of adsorption rate and discoloration capacity, has attracted stern consideration and supports worldwide. Confirming the assertion, this paper presents a state of art review of titanium dioxide/activated carbon composites technology, its fundamental background studies, and environmental implications. Moreover, its major challenges together with the future expectation are summarized and discussed. Conclusively, the expanding of activated carbons composites material represents a potentially viable and powerful tool, leading to the plausible improvement of environmental conservation.     

SPME-GC/MS在纺织品挥发性有害物质测定中的应用

建立了纺织品挥发性有害物质的测定方法,试样剪碎后置于体积分数为5%的甲醇的饱和NaCl溶液中,(40±1)℃超声处理10min,而后采用顶空固相微萃取和色质联用技术(HS SPME GC/MS)对目标化合物进行了测定,方法给出了相应的检测限量和适用范围,对几种主要的干洗剂检测限量均低于0.005mg/kg,回收率在90.6%～108.7%之间。     

Application of Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry in the Textile Industry

 In the present study, the determination of arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, nickel, mercury and zinc in various cloth samples produced in Kayseri-Turkey was performed after extraction with artificial sweat solution and decomposition with nitric acid. TXRF is shown to be suitable for the determination of 7 trace elements, down to the 0.001 (cobalt) to 0.004 (copper) mg/kg level in textile extract except for mercury and cadmium. The extractable part of the toxic metals by artificial sweat solution is relatively low. In a few extracts the concentration values of Pb and Ni have exceeded their critical values of 0.2 mg/kg for lead and 1.0 mg/kg for nickel given by ?ko-Tex and determined for babys cloths. In addition, it was observed that the element pattern of textile samples resembled ‘finger print type’, TXRF-spectra. This technique can also be used for the identification of textile sample in forensic investigation. Received April 16, 2001 Revision October 1, 2001.     

纺织品中残留氯酚的毛细管气相色谱测定法

采用稀硫酸浸湿样品,正己烷提取,乙酸酐衍生后以毛细管气相色谱分离测定的方法对纺织品中五氯酚、三氯酚残留量进行了同时测定,探讨了提取、净化及色谱分析条件。方法回收率范围三氯酚84.8％～98.1％,五氯酚88.0％～100.2％。相对标准偏差三氯酚1.54％～2.33％,五氯酚3.48％。方法的检出限（质量分数）分别为2,4,6-三氯酚1.0×10     

气质联用单离子监测法测定纺织品中1-萘胺和2-萘胺

采用气质联用单离子监测法(SIM)测定纺织品中1-萘胺和2-萘胺，对提取条件进行了优化，采用保留时间和全扫描质谱图定性，特征离子m/z143为监测离子，以其峰面积定量。     

超声提取-气相色谱法测定纺织品中三氯生

建立了一种气相色谱-电子捕获检测(GC-ECD)法测定纺织品中的三氯生,以二氯甲烷为提取溶剂,超声提取纺织品中的三氯生,并对提取条件进行了优化.该方法简便快速、灵敏度高,检出限(S/N=3)为5μg/L,平均回收率为99.11％～100.71％,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.92％～6.85％.采用该方法对实际样品进行了...     

HPLC法测定纺织品中八种致敏禁用分散染料

建立了HPLC法测定纺织品中8种致敏禁用分散染料的方法。流动相为甲醇-四氢呋喃-乙酸铵水溶液,检测波长为595nm和440nm,8种成分在1～50mg／L范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,r值大于0.997;保留时间的RSD值在0．14％～0．24％之间;峰面积的RSD值在1．54％～3．69％之间;检出限在0．1～1mg.L之间．结果表明该法简便,结果可靠,已用于纺织品出口的检验中。     

Controversial influence of aqueous treatments on historic textiles

Different historic textiles were subject to aqueous treatments with and without sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. As the action of borohydride generates an alkaline environment that is potentially harmful for oxidized cellulose in historic textiles, two less alkaline treatment options using buffer systems were additionally tested.In order to track the impact of the treatments on the samples, the development of oxidized cellulose functionalities and of the molecular weight was analyzed by selective labelling of carbonyl and carboxyl groups combined with gel permeation chromatography and multi-detector set-up. The crystallinity index of the samples was analyzed by CP-MAS NMR to elucidate the impact of age and treatment on the historic material.Already pure aqueous treatment changed the molecular weight distribution of historic textiles in some cases. These changes are discussed in the context of oxidized cellulose functionalities and crystallinity index. Furthermore the chosen historic samples reacted best towards a reduction treatment with sodium borohydride that had not been buffered, whereas the two buffered systems caused more damage and failed to reduce carbonyl groups along the cellulose chain.     

Quantification of Textile Dyes in Industrial Effluent Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Combined with Principal Components Regression

UV-Vis spectrophotometry and multivariate calibration model, Principal Components Regression (PCR), were used for individual and simultaneous quantification of ternary mixtures of reactive dyes (Yellow Procion HE4R, Navy Blue Procion HER, and Blue Procion HEGN) in a sample of industrial effluent and effluents obtained in the laboratory. A Centroid-Simplex-type experimental design was used. The percentages of the dyes Yellow Procion HE4R, Navy Blue Procion HER, and Blue Procion HEGN not fixed to the fiber in the industrial dyeing process and laboratory scale were 47.40%, 10.99%, 24.72% and 4.20%, 46.06%, 32.04%, respectively.