染色皮革,纺织品上禁用偶氮染料的高效液相色谱测定方法

德国联邦消费者保护和兽医研究所规定不得使用能还原出２０种芳香胺的偶氮染料，针对这一规定研究了同时测定２０种芳香胺的高效液相色谱方法，进行了样品预处理和色谱条件优化的探讨。方法检出限小于３０×１０－６，满足进出口商品检验的需要。方法回收率一般为７０％～１００％，相对标准偏差为９５％～２１０％。     

β-Cyclodextrin carbon-based nanoparticles with a core–shell–shell structure for efficient adsorption of crystal violet and bisphenol A

Textile wastewater contains highly toxic, nondegradable, carcinogenic organic pollutants, causing severe damage to the ecological environment. In this work, β-cyclodextrin carbon-sphere-based nanocomposite (CS/SiO₂@β-CD) with a core–shell–shell configuration was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and subsequent sedimentation-azeotropic distillation with SiO₂ as intermediate layer for the removal of crystal violet (CV) and bisphenol A (BPA). The chemical structure and morphology of the CS/SiO₂@β-CD were characterized by FT-IR, SEM and TEM. The effects of contact time, pH, temperature and initial concentration of the absorbates on the adsorption property were explored. The CS/SiO₂@β-CD showed excellent adsorption capacity on CV and BPA, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 87.873 mg g^–1 and 165.095 mg g^–1, respectively. Their adsorption process was in line with the pseudo-second-order and pseudo-first-order kinetic models, respectively. The adsorption thermodynamics could be better fitted by Langmuir model than by Freundlich model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters (–ΔG₀, ΔS₀ and ΔH₀) illustrated the adsorption of CV was endothermic, in contrast, the adsorption of BPA was exothermic process. Furthermore, the CS/SiO₂@β-CD showed excellent recovery performance, making it a potential adsorbent for the practical treatment of textile wastewater.     

Determination of textile dyes by means of non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection

Eight textile dye compounds including five cationic dyes, namely, basic blue 41, basic blue 9, basic green 4, basic violet 16 and basic violet 3, and three anionic dyes, acid green 25, acid red 1 and acid blue 324, were separated and detected by non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) with electrochemical detection. Simultaneous separations of acid and basic dyes were performed using an acetonitrile-based buffer. Particular attention was paid to the determination of basic textile dyes. The optimized electrophoresis buffer for the separation of basic dyes was a solvent mixture of acetonitrile/methanol (75:25, v/v) containing 1 M acetic acid and 10 mM sodium acetate. The limits of detection for the basic dyes were in the range of 0.1–0.7 μg mL⁻¹. An appropriate solid-phase extraction procedure was developed for the pre-treatment of aqueous samples with different matrices. This analytical approach was successfully applied to various water samples including river and lake water which were spiked with textile dyes.     

近红外技术在自然纺织纤维品种鉴别及成分预测上的应用

近红外光谱技术由于其检测方便、信息量大、无损等特性受到人们越来越多的关注,并且与化学计量学结合时能在一定程度上抵消其光谱峰重叠、信息弱等缺点。在纺织纤维的品种鉴别及化学性质鉴定方面,国家标准中较为常见的主要有电镜目测法及化学溶解法,但这些方法的测试周期长,测试步骤烦琐,不适宜大批量样本的分析,也不适用于在线检测。文章着重就近红外在自然纤维中的应用进行了综述,包括自然纺织纤维的品种鉴别、纤维内杂质检验以及生产过程中染料的鉴别等。     

L-半胱氨酸预还原断续流动-HG-AFS法同时测定纺织品中微量砷和锑

采用L-半胱氨酸为预还原剂,建立了断续流动进样氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定纺织品中微量砷和锑的方法.并确定了仪器的最佳工作条件,考察了介质和载流酸度、硼氢化钠浓度、L-半胱氨酸浓度和载流流速的影响以及共存元素的干扰情况.方法简便、快速.在选定的测定条件下,砷和锑的检出限分别为0.35和0.22μg·L-1,相对标准偏差分别为1.3%和2.8%,回收率分别为93.6%～98.4%和92.2%～103.6%.     

Magneto recyclable,green fabricated Fe3O4 nanorods on photo responsive of textile dye degradation and identification products by LC-MS

Prior to being released towards water sources such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater, the efficient technique of removing color out textile effluents seems to have become widely used. Such contaminants are extremely difficult for traditional wastewater treatment methods to completely eliminate. This innovative development of phytonutrients uses Fe₃O₄ nanorods, that have been employed as photocatalytic to change substrate colors in the aqueous layer when exposed to light. Given prominence was adopted to incorporate phytonutrients with Fe3O4 nanorods. The degradation of the methyl violet colour has been acknowledged by the depletion of the UV light (UV) absorption edge that also originated at 581 nm. The significant colour expulsion of the Fe3O4 nanorod was proved to really be 97% after 60 min. The findings demonstrate that ecologically responsible Fe₃O₄ nanorods are immensely beneficial in the photocatalytic reaction of harmful pollutants.     

Magnetic separation of green synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles on photocatalytic activity of methyl orange dye removal

The most frequent method of removing malignant growth-causing tones from current effluents before releasing them into water sources such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater has become standard. Traditional waste-water treatment frameworks have trouble getting rid of these contaminants. This is a unique flavonoid that uses Fe₃O₄ nanorods as photocatalytic agents to corrupt material tone in the watery stage utilizing observable light enlightenment. Green technique was used to amalgamate [email protected]₃O₄ nanorod like gems. Disappearance of the bright (UV) maintenance top at 565 nm confirmed the elimination of Methyl orange tone. After 110 min, the sensational shading disposal of Fe₃O₄ nanorod was observed to be 100%. This is due to photochemical redox process and the use of Fe₃O₄ nanorods with a high energy gap of flavonoids. The findings show that Fe₃O₄ rod-like gems manufactured using green technology are extremely valuable in the photocatalytic annihilation of hazardous contaminants.     

Comparison of Chemometric and Chromatographic Methods to Obtain Kinetic Parameters for Textile Dyes during a Biodegradation Process

The concentrations of three industrial-grade textile dyes were determined in a mixture after degradation by the fungus Ganoderma sp, by using the methods of UV-Vis spectrophotometry associated with Partial Least Squares regression and HPLC and comparing the results obtained from both methods. Using the concentrations calculated from the two methods, a kinetic study of the biodegradation mediated by the fungus was performed. The rate constants and the activation energies for this transformation were obtained for each dye in the mixture. The concentration of Remazol Blue R ESP could be determined by the HPLC method, and the value obtained was comparable with the result using the Partial Least Squares regression method. The Partial Least Squares regression method offers advantages over the HPLC method for the quantification of dyes in textile effluents, as it provides the kinetic parameters of the biodegradation reaction.     

The bonding of a hydroxy-functional organophosphorus oligomer to nylon fabric using the formaldehyde derivatives of urea and melamine as the bonding agents

In this research, we studied the mechanism of bonding a hydroxy-functional organophosphorus oligomer (HFPO) to nylon 6.6 fabric using the formaldehyde derivatives of urea and melamine, including dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and trimethylolmelamine (TMM), as the bonding agents. The nylon fabric treated with HFPO/DMDHEU or HFPO/TMM retained significant amount of phosphorus after multiple launderings. The laundering durability of the HFPO applied to nylon was probably attributed to the formation of a crosslinked polymeric network on the nylon fiber. The nylon fabric treated with HFPO/DMDHEU showed higher percent phosphorus retention than that treated with HFPO/TMM. The percent phosphorus retention of the treated nylon increased as the DMDHEU or TMM concentration was increased, and the nylon fabric's stiffness follows the same trend. The micro-scale combustion calorimetry and thermal analysis data indicate that the HFPO bound to nylon reduced peak heat release rate and heat release capacity of the nylon fabric, decreased decomposition temperature and promoted the char formation of the treated fabric. The nylon/cotton blend military fabric treated with HFPO/DMDHEO or HFPO/TMM demonstrated flame retardant performance after 10 laundering cycles.