Geometric critical exponent inequalities for general random cluster models

A set of new critical exponent inequalities,d(1 –1 /)2 –, dv(1 – 1/), andd> 1, is proved for a general class of random cluster models, which includes (independent or dependent) percolations, lattice animals (with any interactions), and various stochastic cluster growth models. The inequalities imply that the critical phenomena in the models are inevitably not mean-field-like in the dimensions one, two, and three.The present work was reported at the 56th Statistical Mechanics Meeting (Rutgers, December 1986).     

C12-s-C12·2Br与低碳醇混合水溶液胶团化行为的温度效应和焓/熵补偿

季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂C12-s-C12·2Br(s=2,3,4,6)与丙醇、丁醇、戊醇、己醇混合水溶液的In(cmc)随温度升高而逐渐增大.计算所得热力学数据表明,C12-s-C12·2Br与醇混合胶团化过程服从熵驱动机理,也出现了焓/熵补偿现象.随着温度上升,熵驱动力增大,在指定温度时,醇分子烷烃链上碳原子数n增大使△Gm0值减小,胶团结构更加稳定;而增加s使值增大,胶团稳定性下降.     

Evidences for temperature-dependent mechanism of host-guest complexation

Summary High-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectroscopy methods were applied to the studies on the influence of temperature on the complexation of β-cyclodextrin with naphthalene and its derivatives. The strong nonlinearity of Van't Hoff plots suggests, that the retention mechanism of hydrocarbons investigated might be different in high and low temperature region. The total lack of correlation (r=−0.230) between chromatographic data (capacity factors ratio:k _PAH/k _PAH×CD) and spectrophotometric data (ΔA) at high temperature (60°) as well as a significant correlation (r=0.922) at subambient temperature (15°C) suggest, that the inclusion mechanism starts to be important at low temperature region and the predominant mechanism for chromatographic retention is the formation of an inclusion complexes in the mobile phase.     

氮化铁催化剂的制备及其苯胺催化加氢性能

用α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３与氨气程序升温还原方法制备出不同温度氮气的氮化铁系列催化剂。通过ＸＲＤ测试对氮化过程中的晶相转变进行了分析。在中压反应装置上考察了氮化铁系列催化剂上苯胺加氢活性以及反应条件对苯胺加氢反应活性的影响。结果表明，在７００℃氮化制香的氮化铁催化剂显示有较高的苯胺加氢活性，在氢压为３．０ＭＰａ，温度为２５０℃，ｎ（Ｈ２）／ｎ（ｏｉｌ）＝１８，液体空速（ＷＨＳＶ）为０．３ｈ＾－１时，该催化剂     

用TREF方法分离聚烯烃共混物

用ＴＲＥＦ方法分离聚烯烃共混物徐君庭，封麟先，杨士林（浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系，杭州，３１００２７）关键词升温淋洗分级，聚烯烃，共混物升温淋洗分级（ＴＲＥＦ）方法是８０年代发展起来的，它按结晶度将聚合物分级［１］，目前主要用于聚烯烃的分级［２，３...     

热致型液晶聚合物的等温和非等温晶化动力学

利用等温和非等温方法详细研究了芳香族聚酯──热致型聚合物对，对’－联苯二甲酸二辛酯的结晶相和液晶相形成机理，并计算了相变过程中的表面自由能与温度系数，研究结果表明：从介晶相开始的结晶过程是二维异相成核、三维线性增长的，而从各向同性液相开始的液晶相形成过程则是二维异相成核二维线性增长的．对两个晶化过程的表面自由能的研究表明，该聚合物液晶相形成过程的相转变表面自由能比结晶过程小得多，预示了它将具有更大的晶化速率．研究还发现，该聚合物的液晶相形成过程具有比结晶过程大得多的温度敏感性．     

一类新型荧光化学敏感器形成激基缔合物的温度效应

对一类具有分子识别功能的荧光分子敏感器化合物，在水溶液中形成的分子内激基缔合物的温度效应进行了研究。进而提出该类化合物在水溶液中进行了内单体和分子内激基缔合物转化的机制。通过分析所得的热力学数据，同文献值相比较，推导出该类化合物在水溶液中可能存在的几何构型，为该类化合物在作为探针应用时提供理论依据。     

THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF ADSORPTION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY A WATER-COMPATIBLE HYPERCROSSLINKED POLYMERIC ADSORBENT

Equilibrium data for the adsorption of phenolic compounds, i.e., phenol, p-cresol, p-chlorophenol and p-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions by a water-compatible hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent (NJ-8) within temperature range of 283-323 K were obtained and correlated with a Freundlich-type of isotherm equation, so that equilibrium constants KF and n were obtained. The capacities of equilibrium adsorption for all the four phenolic compounds on the NJ-8 from aqueous solutions are around 2 times as high as those of Amberlite XAD-4, which may be attributed to the unusual micropore structure and the partial polarity on the network. The values of the enthalpy (always negative) are indicative of an exothermic process, which manifests the adsorption of all the four phenolic compounds on the two polymeric adsorbents to be a process of physical adsorption. The negative values of free energy change show that the solute is more concentrated on the adsorbent than in the bulk solution. The absolute free energy values of adsorption for NJ-8 are always higher than those for Amberlite XAD-4, which indicates that phenolic compounds are preferentially adsorbed on NJ-8. The negative values of the adsorption entropy are consistent with the restricted mobilities of adsorbed molecules of phenolic compounds as compared with the molecules in solution. The adsorption entropy values of phenolic compounds for NJ-8 are lower than those for Amberlite XAD-4, which means the micropores of NJ-8 require more orderly arranged adsorbate.