含不同柔性链的(甲基)丙烯酸酯类液晶高分子的合成及其液晶行为研究

通过改变侧链中柔性间隔基的长度,合成了一系列含有两个手性中心的侧链液晶（甲基）丙烯酸酯类聚合物.红外、核磁和GPC表征各中间体、单体及聚合物的结构和分子量.通过DSC和热台偏光显微镜系统地研究了单体和聚合物的液晶态织构.结果表明,含有六个碳的柔性间隔基的丙烯酸酯类聚合物表现为近晶SA和手性近晶SC^＊液晶相.     

高分子凝聚态的若干基本物理问题研究

本项目在高分子凝聚态的研究中取得了许多重要成果,并提出了若干新概念。主要创新点有高分子单链凝聚态（单链玻璃态和单链单晶）、高分子链的凝聚缠结、分子链大尺度高度取向而小尺度无规取向的非晶态、动态接触浓度C8、固化诱发条带织构等。     

一种基于皮肤纹理特征的皮肤分类算法

根据皮肤纹理的深浅、节点数及纹理粗细等主要特征,采用小波包及二维傅里叶变换分析方法和数学形态学分析法实现了皮肤的特征提取。利用小波包分解得到的空间频率信息对二值化纹理图像进行空域滤波去噪,利用基本竞争型人工神经网络进行纹理分类。结果表明,这一方法可获得较理想的分类结果。     

Kabuli and Apulian black Chickpea Milling By-Products as Innovative Ingredients to Provide High Levels of Dietary Fibre and Bioactive Compounds in Gluten-Free Fresh Pasta

Gluten-free (GF) products, including pasta, are often characterised by nutritional deficiencies, such as scarce dietary fibre and excess of calories. Chickpea flour is increasingly being used by the food industries. Hulls, rich in dietary fibre and bioactive compounds, are discarded after milling. The aim of this work was to evaluate the quality features of short-cut GF fresh pasta added of hull (8% w/w) derived from kabuli (KH) or Apulian black (ABH) chickpeas, in comparison with control GF pasta prepared without hull. The enriched pasta, which could be labelled as “high fibre”, was characterised by a higher level of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity than the control. ABH-enriched pasta showed the highest anthocyanins (33.37 ± 1.20 and 20.59 ± 0.11 mg/kg of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on dry matter in raw and cooked pasta, respectively). Hull addition increased colour intensity and structural quality of GF pasta: ABH-enriched pasta had the lowest cooking loss and the highest water absorption capacity; KH-enriched pasta showed the highest firmness. No significant differences in sensory liking were found among the samples, except for “aftertaste”. Chickpea hull can be used as an innovative ingredient to produce potentially functional GF pasta, meeting the dietary needs of consumers without affecting quality.     

AIT玻璃衬底非晶硅薄膜的固相晶化研究

本实验在铝诱导织构的基础上,对以AIT浮法玻璃为衬底沉积非晶硅薄膜固相晶化进行了初步研究.采用拉曼散射、X射线衍射等手段对生成多晶硅薄膜的结构和光学性能进行了表征和分析.研究结果表明:热处理10h,薄膜的晶化率达到80;以上,同时具有良好的(111)择优取向;同平板玻璃衬底对比,AIT玻璃上制备的多晶硅薄膜具有良好的陷光作用.     

光流动态纹理在土地利用/覆盖变化检测研究中的应用

建议了一种基于光流动态纹理（optical flow dynamic texture）的高分辨率遥感影像变化检测新方法,用一种运动的关系描述地物变化,能够在多时相高分辨率遥感影像中自动获取土地利用和土地覆盖的变化信息。利用光流理论从原理上描述了地物渐变的过程,突破了以往遥感变化检测方法中认为地物发生突变的假设。该方法的流程简单,易于在目前的土地管理、城市规划等需要发现用地变化的系统和软件中使用。该方法考虑到了多时相遥感影像间的时间维度特征,为遥感变化检测提供了更加丰富的信息,进而改善了变化检测方法主要依赖空间维度信息的现状。以光流动态纹理作为变化的基本体现,结合光谱信息共同用于高分辨率遥感影像的支持向量机分类后变化检测,方法顾及了遥感影像时间维度的纹理,相较大多数空间纹理其数据量较小;纹理计算仅需设定一个参数,自动程度较高;可缓解行业中大量人工解译的现状。通过利用中国大庆市杜尔伯特蒙古自治县2011年和2012年QuickBird影像对该方法的有效性进行了评价。深入分析了不同的光流平滑系数α对该方法的影响,以及对地物变化描述效果的影响。实验结果显示,该方法效果理想,总体精度达到87.29%、Kappa系数达到0.850 7,其精度优于单纯利用光谱信息的分类后变化检测方法。     

供油量对点接触表面微织构润滑性能的影响

采用球盘接触模型,以入口油层厚度为输入变量,基于统一Reynolds方程法建立润滑分析模型,研究了供油量对点接触表面微织构润滑性能的影响.数值计算结果显示:供油量显著影响接触区油膜厚度;微织构能改善摩擦副的润滑摩擦性能;严重乏油时接触区内微坑会产生气穴现象;瞬态下,微织构在乏油时较充分供油时改善润滑的效果明显.     

Five-parameter crystallographic characteristics of the interfaces formed during ferrite to austenite transformation in a duplex stainless steel

The crystallography of interfaces in a duplex stainless steel having an equiaxed microstructure produced through the ferrite to austenite diffusive phase transformation has been studied. The five-parameter interface character distribution revealed a high anisotropy in habit planes for the austenite–ferrite and austenite–austenite interfaces for different lattice misorientations. The austenite and ferrite habit planes largely terminated on (1 1 1) and (1 1 0) planes, respectively, for the austenite–ferrite interfaces associated with Kurdjumov–Sachs (K–S) and Nishiyama–Wasserman (N–W) orientation relationships. This was mostly attributed to the crystallographic preference associated with the phase transformation. For the austenite–ferrite interfaces with orientation relationships which are neither K–S nor N–W, both austenite and ferrite habit planes had (1 1 1) orientations. Σ3 twin boundaries comprised the majority of austenite–austenite interfaces, mostly showing a pure twist character and terminating on (1 1 1) planes due to the minimum energy configuration. The second highest populated austenite–austenite boundary was Σ9, which tended to have grain boundary planes in the tilt zone due to the geometrical constraints. Furthermore, the intervariant crystallographic plane distribution associated with the K–S orientation relationship displayed a general tendency for the austenite habit planes to terminate with the (1 1 1) orientation, mainly due to the crystallographic preference associated with the phase transformation.     

一种基于速度强度熵VMME与纹理特征的人群异常检测算法

人群异常事件检测是智能视频监控领域的重要研究内容, 文章提出了一种融合速度强度熵VMME与纹理特征的人群异常行为检测算法. 该算法采用LBPCM算法提取图像纹理特征, 在视频帧计算光流基础上, 获得特征点速度强度图, 并以其熵VMME作为场景运动特征, 将场景纹理特征和运动特征送入支持向量机训练分类. 实验表明, 新算法可实现对人群异常行为的检测, 且有较高准确率.     

The ground states and pseudospin textures of rotating two-component Bose–Einstein condensates trapped in harmonic plus quartic potential

The ground states of two-component miscible Bose–Einstein condensates(BECs) confined in a rotating annular trap are obtained by using the Thomas–Fermi(TF) approximation method.The ground state density distribution of the condensates experiences a transition from a disc shape to an annulus shape either when the angular frequency increases and the width and the center height of the trap are fixed,or when the width and the center height of the trap increase and the angular frequency is fixed.Meantime the numerical solutions of the ground states of the trapped two-component miscible BECs with the same condition are obtained by using imaginary-time propagation method.They are in good agreement with the solutions obtained by the TF approximation method.The ground states of the trapped two-component immiscible BECs are also given by using the imaginary-time propagation method.Furthermore,by introducing a normalized complex-valued spinor,three kinds of pseudospin textures of the BECs,i.e.,giant skyrmion,coaxial double-annulus skyrmion,and coaxial three-annulus skyrmion,are found.