Modification of anode surface in organic light-emitting diodes by chalcogenes

Influence of thin chalcogen X (S, Se, Te) interlayer between anode (indium-tin oxide, ITO) and a layer of N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine (TPD) used as a hole-transport layer (HTL) on the operating characteristics of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) of composition ITO/X/TPD/Alq₃/Yb (Alq₃ - aluminum 8-quinolinolate) has been investigated. It was found that the sulphur layer decreases operating voltage and enhances operating stability of a device while the selenium or tellurium interlayers impair these characteristics.     

Effect of strontium substitution on the activity of La_(2-x)Sr_xNiO_4(x=0.0-1.2)in NO decomposition

The aim of this work is to study the effect of Sr substitution on the redox properties and catalytic ac- tivity of La2-xSrxNiO4(x=0.0-1.2)for NO decomposition.Results suggest that the x=0.6 sample shows the highest activity.The characterization(TPD,TPR,etc.)of samples indicates that the x=0.6 sample possesses suitable abilities in both oxidation and reduction,which facilitates the proceeding of oxygen desorption and NO adsorption.At temperature below 700℃,the oxygen desorption is difficult, and is the rate-determining step of NO decomposition.With the increase of reaction temperature(T> 700℃),the oxygen desorption is favorable and,the active adsorption of NO on the active site(NO Vo Ni2 →NO~--Ni3 )turns out to be the rate-determining step.The existence of oxygen vacancy is the prerequisite condition for NO decomposition,but its quantity does not relate much to the activity.     

不同超稳Y沸石的酸性质及其催化性能

用NH_3-TPD、FTIR和脉冲微反技术,以正庚烷.正十六烷和α-甲基萘三种探针反应研究了不同超稳化方法对Y沸石酸性质和催化性能的影响,并与各超稳Y沸石的骨架铝(N_(Al))_F和非骨架铝(N_(Al))_(EF)相关联,发现,B酸和L酸量均与(N_(Al))_F有关,而与(N_(Al))_(EF)无关;除SSY外,三探针反应在USY,US-SSY和DAY上的裂解活性与(N_(Al))_F,B酸量有关,但并非线性关系,SSY的B酸量最多,酸性最强.但其活性最小.值得注意的是三探针反应的裂解活性与(N_(Al))_(EF)呈很好的线性关系,但DAY例外,它的非骨架铝含量最高,但其活性最低.对SSY和DAY的例外结果亦进行了讨论.     

Surface fine structure of hydrodesulfurization catalysts. New aspects of promoting effects of Co and Ni

By using the highpressure DRIFT, EXAFS, and TPDDRIFT methods, it is shown that the wellknown effects concerning Co–Mo/Al₂O₃ (i.e., promoting effect of Co or Ni, activating effect of catalyst presulfiding, and inhibiting effect of H₂S) are closely connected to each other. Some direct evidence of the interactions between Mo and Co on sulfided Co–Mo/Al₂O₃ is also shown.     

ZrO_2酸碱性质的TPD表征Ⅰ.单组分吸附研究

以NH3、吡啶、Et3N、CO2和苯酚为探针，用TPD－MS方法对ZrO2催化剂的酸碱性质进行了表征．ZrO2上碱性探针（NH3、吡啶和Et3N）的脱附温度远低于在强酸性SiO2－Al2O3上；而酸性探针CO2的脱附温度远低于在强碱性MgO上的结果．为ZrO2的弱酸弱碱性质提供了证明．NH3吸附IR结果表明ZrO2表面配位不饱合Zr4＋为酸（Lewis酸）中心．NH3、吡啶和Et3N与这些酸中心作用的方式和能量分布相似．NH3和CO2的TPD谱图均存在三个脱附峰，且相应脱附峰的温度范围相近．表明ZrO2的酸中心和碱中心具有匹配相当的酸、碱强度，ZrO2为典型的酸－碱双功能催化剂，在苯酚的TPD过程中，ZrO2的特征表现为对苯酚的强吸附和对苯酚分解的高活性．文中结合IR结果，对与NH3和CO2的脱附相联系的表面吸附物种分别进行了讨论．     

Study on Fe/MgO catalysts for acrylonitrile synthesis from acetonitrile and methanol

A series of Fe/MgO catalysts were prepared and used for acrylonitrile synthesis from acetonitrile and methanol. The catalysts were characterized by means of XRD, CO₂-TPD and CH₃OH-TPD. The Fe/MgO catalysts exhibit high catalytic activity and selectivity to acrylonitrile, which is due to the combined effect of Fe and MgO. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

合成低碳醇超细Mo-Co-K催化剂的TPD研究

近年来 ,Ｍｏ基催化剂由于其独特的耐硫性而在各种合成低碳醇催化剂体系中倍受青睐。许多研究表明 ,以Ｃｏ作为Ｍｏ基催化剂的第二组分可明显改善其催化合成低碳醇的反应性能[1～ 4] 。一般认为 ,Ｋ是这类催化剂通用的促进剂[1,3 ,5,6] 。我们曾经报道[7] ,还原态超细Ｍｏ Ｃｏ Ｋ催化剂具有优良的合成低碳醇性能。同时 ,催化剂的Ｃｏ Ｍｏ比对其合成低碳醇性能具有显著的影响。为了解这种影响的原因 ,本文运用ＴＰＤ技术对此类催化剂进行了研究。催化剂经还原后 ,在催化剂表面即形成了不同的吸附中心[8] 。了解这些不同的吸附中心 ,对于研…     

TPD study of NH3 adsorption/desorption on the surface of V/Ti, V/Al based catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia 1. TPD test of γ-Al2O3, TiO2 (anatase) and alumina-supported vanadia catalysts

The effect of temperature on the adsorption/desorption of ammonia from the air mixture on the surface of γ-Al₂O₃, TiO₂ (anatase) and alumina-supported vanadia catalyst samples has been investigated using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). When the vanadia loading was increased, the fraction of the acid sites providing the NH₃ adsorption in the high-temperature state decreased. At the same time, the fraction of the medium temperature state significantly increased.     

ACTIVATION ENERGY OF DESORPTION OF DIBENZOFURAN ON ACTIVATED CARBONS

Three kinds of commercial activated carbons, such as Norit RBI, Monolith and Chemviron activated carbons, were used as adsorbents for adsorption of dibenzofiuran. The average pore size and specific surface area of these activated carbons were measured Temperature Programmed Desorption (‘TPD) experiments were conducted to measure the TPD curves of dibenzofuran on the activated carbons, and then the activation energy for desorption of dibenzofuran on the activated carbons was estimated. The results showed that the Chemviron and the Norit RB1 activated carbon maintained higher specific surface area and larger micropore pore volume in comparison with the Monolith activated carbon, and the activation energy for the desorption of dibencofuran on these two activated carbons was higher than that on the Monolith activated carbon. The smaller the pore of the activated carbon was, the higher the activated energy of dibenzofiuran desorption was.     

γ-Mo2N催化剂上H2及NO吸附性质的TPD-MS研究

采用TPD-MS方法研究了H2及NO在γ-Mo2N上的吸附状况．单独的H2-TPD结果表明,当H2在673K吸附时,在443K、573K及723K得到了三个H2脱附峰,表明γ-Mo2N上有三种不同能量的H2吸附位．NO－TPD结果表明,NO吸附后亦有三个脱附峰（383K、493K、543K）,对应着γ-Mo2N上三种不同能量的NO吸附位：低、中、高能吸附位．NO既可以以解离状态,又可以以一种NO三聚态（dimerordinitrosyl）的形式吸附在γ－Mo2N上,这些吸附物种在脱附过程中产生大量的N2及少量的N2O.对比NO吸附在不同处理条件的γ-Mo2N上的TPD结果可知,NO是吸附在γ-Mo2N上的MO的配位不饱和中心上,这些吸附中心既可通过还原催化剂,又可通过在773K抽空钝化态的γ－Mo2N而产生,H2和NO共吸附的结果表明,预吸附H2再吸附NO后,H2和NO的脱附量均大大减少,且只有两个脱附峰出现.NO只在363K及493K出现两个脱附峰,表明预吸附氢占据了NO的强吸附位,且NO很难取代它,从而使NO只能吸附在能量较低的吸附位上;而H2只在523K及723K出现两个脱附峰,且伴随着H2的脱出有N2和H2O的产生,表明在γ－Mo2N上NO可能与预吸附氢形成了一种复合相MoHx（NO）y,它在脱附时分解为H2、N2及H2O.