Matrix effects on the multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric analysis of high-precision cadmium and zinc isotope ratios

Resin-derived contaminants added to samples during column chemistry are shown to cause matrix effects that lead to inaccuracy in multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurement of small natural variations in Cd and Zn isotopic compositions. These matrix effects were evaluated by comparing pure Cd and Zn standards and standards doped with bulk column blank from the anion exchange chromatography procedure. Doped standards exhibit signal enhancements (Cd, Ag, Zn and Cu), instrumental mass bias changes and inaccurate isotopic compositions relative to undoped standards, all of which are attributed to the combined presence of resin-derived organics and inorganics. The matrix effect associated with the inorganic component of the column blanks was evaluated separately by doping standards with metals at the trace levels detected in the column blanks. Mass bias effects introduced by the inorganic column blank matrix are smaller than for the bulk column blank matrix but can still lead to significant changes in ion signal intensity, instrumental mass bias and isotopic ratios. Chemical treatment with refluxed HNO₃ or HClO₄/HNO₃ removes resin-derived organic components resulting in matrix effects similar in magnitude to those associated with the inorganic component of the column blank.Mass bias correction using combined external normalization-SSB does not correct for these matrix effects because the instrumental mass biases experienced by Cd and Zn are decoupled from those of Ag and Cu, respectively. Our results demonstrate that ion exchange chromatography and associated resin-derived contaminants can be a source of error in MC-ICP-MS measurement of heavy stable element isotopic compositions.     

Renewable resources based polymers: Synthesis and characterization of 2,5-diformylfuran-urea resin

Condensation of renewable resources based monomer 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) and urea at 110 °C by melting a solid mixture gives a crystalline polymer resin in 90% yield. This resin was characterized by elemental analysis, ¹H, ¹³C and ¹H-¹H COSY NMR, IR, UV, TGA and DTA. The structural unit of this new material consists of one DFF molecule condensed with two urea molecules at the aldehyde group of DFF. A homologous resin was prepared by using 5,5′-oxydimethylenebis(2-furaldehyde) and urea in 84% yield via a similar procedure and characterized as well.     

A mechanistic study of Protein A chromatography resin lifetime

A mechanistic study into Protein A chromatographic resin lifetime limitations is presented. Binding and mass transport properties of two widely used agarose-based Protein A resins were studied to distinguish between the roles of resin fouling due to product/impurity build-up and ligand degradation as contributory factors towards the decline in binding capacity with use. Cycling studies were conducted with and without product loading on the columns to separate out the influence of resin fouling. Ligand degradation under the mildly alkaline conditions used for column regeneration was determined to be the primary cause for Protein A resin capacity decline with usage. The use of lower concentrations of caustic and the use of stabilizing excipients to protect the Protein A ligand during cleaning and sanitization were found to be useful techniques in maintaining column performance. The results presented in this paper provide a clearer understanding of the causative factors that limit Protein A chromatographic resin lifetime. It is anticipated that these findings will assist in the development of more robust and economical downstream manufacturing processes for monoclonal antibody and Fc fusion protein purification.     

红外光谱分析用于双酚A型环氧树脂的实验教学

通过红外光谱的实验教学,学生掌握了在高温和空气中氧的共同作用下,环氧树脂会发生一系列化学变化,从而发生老化甚至失效。通过特定官能团的跟踪分析,学生全面学习和掌握了环氧树脂从固化到老化红外光谱分析的全过程。     

Synthesis and Efficiency of an Epoxy-Urea Chelating Resin for Preconcentrating and Separating Trace Bi,In, Sn,Zr, V And Ti From Solution Samples

Abstract

A new epoxy-urea chelating resin was synthesized from epoxy resin and used for the preconcentration and separation of trace Bi(III), In(III), Sn(IV), Zr(IV), V(V) and Ti(IV) ions from solution samples. The analyzed ions can be enriched at pH 5 at a flow rate of 1–4 ml/min, and can be also desorbed with 10 mL of 2 M HCl +0.1g NH₄F solution from the resin column, with recoveries over 97%. The chelating resin reused 6 times can still adsorb quantitatively the Bi, In, Sn, Zr, V and Ti ions, and eighty to thousand-fold excesses of Ca(II), Mg(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Al(III), Sb(III), Ni(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III) cause little interference with the enrichment and determination of these ions. The RSDs of the proposed method for the determination of 500–50 ng/ml Bi, In and Sn, 50–5.0 ng/ml Zr, V and Ti were in the range of 0.4 ～ 4.0%, the enrichment factor of the resin for the ions is in the range of 10–100. The recoveries of added standard in waste water are between 96% and 100%, and the concentration of each ion in alloy steel sample determined by the method is in good agreement with the reference value analyzed by a steel plant with average error <2.8%.     

流动注射树脂相光度法联用单片机测定铜

基于铜（Ⅱ）与2-[（5-溴-2-吡啶）偶氮]-5-（二乙胺基）苯酚（5-Br-PADAP)形成稳定络合物的性质,利用717型阴离子交换树脂作为吸附载体,建立了流动注射树脂相吸光光度法测定铜的新方法,并联用单征机实现测定过程的程序化、自动化。此法已成功用于铜尾矿中铜的测定。     

电子束固化树脂基复合材料进展

综述了电子束固化树脂基复合材料的树脂基体、电子束固化工艺的优越性、吵固化复合材料在国内外的发展状况以不固化复合材料中存在的一些待解决的问题。     

胜利油田稠油组分的光谱法研究

用红外光谱, 紫外光谱及同步荧光光谱对胜利油田稠油中的沥青质和胶质进行了分析。红外光谱分析结果表明,胶质、沥青质分子含有可形成氢键的羟基、胺基、羧基、羰基等极性基团,说明原油中 胶质分子之间、沥青分子之间及二者相互之间有强烈的氢键作用,具有很强的极性。通过紫外吸收光谱及同步荧光光谱的测定,并与模型化合物的紫外吸收特征峰及荧光光谱的特征峰相比较,结果表明, 芳香单片是研究稠油中胶质、沥青质组分结构的最基本单位。单元芳香片中芳香环的个数以3～4个环为主,共轭芳香环的排列形式主要为“线性排列”,即渺位缩合。但胶质和沥青质的结构也存在着差异, 即胶质中主要含有3～4个环的共轭芳香片,而沥青质中含有少量多于5个环的共轭芳香片,并且这些共轭芳香片有部分“面性排列”,即迫位缩合。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定中草药中的微量铅

采用水煎煮法提取中草药,HNO3-H2O2密闭消解体系消解样品,应用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定中草药及其提取液中的微量铅;优化了仪器工作及实验条件,荧光强度与Pb质量浓度在0.49～400 μg/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数:0.9996,检出限:0.49 μg/L;发现部分提取液中Pb量比原中草药样品中Pb量有明显降低.     

氧化还原树脂的合成及其氧化还原性能

本文主要叙述了以国产717强碱性阴离子交换树脂为基体,采用甲醛与对苯二酚、邻苯二酚、连苯三酚和2,7-萘二酚等聚合生成氧化还原树脂,它们的氧化还原容量分别为5.3,5.4和5.2meq/g-干树脂.文中还介绍了本类树脂的氧化还原电位测定方法,并据此研究和测定了对苯二酚、邻苯二酚和连苯三酚型树脂的氧化还原电位,这些电位的测定结果与其氧化还原实验事实相符.也研究了多种氧化剂和还原剂与自制树脂的交换性能,讨论了这些树脂容量与交换性能的关系.应用所合成的新树脂进行了从硝酸银废液中回收银和对硫化氢试行氧化脱硫处理试验,效果良好.