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221.
A novel HPLC-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/MS (HPLC-APCI/MS) method was developed for the rapid analysis of selected fatty and resin acids typically present in papermaking process waters. A mixture of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linolenic, and dehydroabietic acids was separated by a commercial HPLC column (a modified stationary C(18) phase) using gradient elution with methanol/0.15% formic acid (pH 2.5) as a mobile phase. The internal standard (myristic acid) method was used to calculate the correlation coefficients and in the quantitation of the results. In the thorough quality parameters measurement, a mixture of these model acids in aqueous media as well as in six different paper machine process waters was quantitatively determined. The measured quality parameters, such as selectivity, linearity, precision, and accuracy, clearly indicated that, compared with traditional gas chromatographic techniques, the simple method developed provided a faster chromatographic analysis with almost real-time monitoring of these acids. 相似文献
222.
Piia Valto Juha Knuutinen Raimo Alén 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(2):87-97
Abstract DNA biosensors are realised immobilising a DNA structure on a suitable transducer to obtain selective information. In this paper we show how the determination of low-molecular weight compounds with affinity for DNA was measured by their effect on the oxidation signal of the guanine peak of calf thymus DNA immobilised on the electrode sensor and investigated by chronopotentiometric analysis. The DNA biosensor is able to detect known intercalating and groove binding compounds. Applicability to river water samples was demostrated. Moreover, a piezoelectric sensor coupled to a short oligonucleotide can be used as detector of the hybridisation reaction. We show as a model the detection of a specific mutation in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene. Biotinylated 23-mer probes were immobilised on the streptavidin coated gold surface of a quartz crystal; the protein was covalently bound to the thiol/dextran modified gold surface. The device was able to distinguish different synthetic oligonucleotides. The hybridisation reaction was also performed using real samples of DNA extracted from human blood and amplified by Polymerase chain reaction PCR. The extension of such procedure to samples of environmental interest is discussed. 相似文献
223.
《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(5-6):759-773
Vinyl ester resins V1, V2 & V3 of acid value (~6 mg KOH g?1 solid) were synthesized using bisphenol-A epoxy and acrylic acid in the presence of triethyl-, tripropyl- and tributyl-, amines in 210, 270 and 340 minutes, respectively. The synthesized resins were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and a new peak at 2360 cm?1 was observed which is due to attachment of amines to resin structure by hydrogen bond. The curing behavior of synthesized resin containing 40% styrene (w/w) and 2% benzoyl peroxide was studied using DSC technique and found to be affected by presence of amines. Activation energy and frequency factor for the curing reaction increases from 14 Kcal mol?1 to 23 Kcal mol?1. Rheological behavior of resins containing 40% styrene was studied using a Haake Rotovisco RV20 viscometer, and viscosity was found to increase with shear rate up to 200 sec?1. The average values of activation energy at constant shear stress (6-15 Pa) were 12.94, 13.20, 13.70 Kcal mol?1 for V1, V2 and V3, respectively. The activation energy at constant shear rate decreases with an increase in the shear rate. 相似文献
224.
Solid-phase adsorption toxin tracking (SPATT) technology was developed as an effective passive sampling method for dissolved diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins in seawater. HP20 and SP700 resins have been reported as preferred adsorption substrates for lipophilic algal toxins and are recommended for use in SPATT testing. However, information on the mechanism of passive adsorption by these polymeric resins is still limited. Described herein is a study on the adsorption of OA and DTX1 toxins extracted from Prorocentrum lima algae by HP20 and SP700 resins. The pore size distribution of the adsorbents was characterized by a nitrogen adsorption method to determine the relationship between adsorption and resin porosity. The Freundlich equation constant showed that the difference in adsorption capacity for OA and DTX1 toxins was not determined by specific surface area, but by the pore size distribution in particular, with micropores playing an especially important role. Additionally, it was found that differences in affinity between OA and DTX1 for aromatic resins were as a result of polarity discrepancies due to DTX1 having an additional methyl moiety. 相似文献
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Ziteng Zhang Dr. Jianyu Zhang Zuping Xiong Bo Chu Prof. Chengjian Zhang Prof. Jing Zhi Sun Prof. Haoke Zhang Prof. Xing-Hong Zhang Prof. Ben Zhong Tang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(30):e202306762
Clusteroluminescence (CL) and through-space interactions (TSIs) of non-conjugated molecules have drawn more attention due to their unique photophysical behaviors that are different from largely conjugated luminogens. However, achieving red and even near-infrared (NIR) emission from such systems is still challenging due to the intrinsic drawbacks of non-conjugated molecules and the lack of theories for structure–property relationships. In this work, six phenolic resins are designed and synthesized based on two molecule-engineering strategies: increasing the number of TSIs units and introducing electron-donating/-withdrawing groups. All phenolic resins are verified as luminogens with CL property (CLgens), and the first example of CLgens with NIR emission (maximum emission wavelength ≥680 nm) and high absolute quantum yield (47 %) is reported. Experiments and theoretical analysis reveal that two TSIs types, through-space locally excited state and through-space charge transfer state, play essential roles in achieving CL from these non-conjugated polymers, which could be manipulated via changing structural conformation and electron density or altering electron transition behaviors. This work not only provides an approach to manipulate TSIs and CL of non-conjugated polymers but also endows commercially available phenolic resins with high practical value as luminescence materials. 相似文献