基于继电特性函数的互联电力系统混沌控制

电力系统中的混沌振荡对整个互联电网具有极大危害.本文利用Lyapunov指数、分岔图、相平面图和功率谱等分析一个简单互联电力系统的动力学行为,研究电力系统对电磁功率扰动幅值的敏感性.同时,提出一种基于继电特性函数的准滑动模态控制方法,对系统进行混沌振荡抑制,使系统快速平滑地到达控制目标.实验表明,该方法不仅能够缩短控制时间,减少因参数过大带来的系统冲击,而且对高频抖动也有很好的抑制作用,具有较强的鲁棒性.     

Designing of endlessly single mode polarization maintaining highly birefringent nonlinear micro-structure fiber at telecommunication window by FV-FEM

An endlessly single mode highly polarization maintaining nonlinear microstructure fiber at telecommunication window is reported via full-vector finite element method. By taking three ring hexagonal PCF with suitable fiber parameter such as air hole diameter in cladding region d = 0.8 μm, pitch 2.3 μm and introducing four symmetrical large air holes near core region d′ = 2 μm, single mode (V_eff ≤ π), small effective mode area 2.7 μm², nonlinear co-efficient 44.39 W⁻¹ km⁻¹, high phase birefringence of the order of 10⁻³ and group birefringence of the order of 10⁻⁴ with beat length 0.3 μm at wavelength 1.55 μm are achieved.     

超短超强激光与稀薄等离子体相互作用背向受激Raman谱特性模拟

 利用LPIC++程序模拟了超短超强脉冲与稀薄等离子体相互作用产生的背向受激Raman谱。结果证明：在极端相对论条件下,背向受激Raman谱不再是通常所指的弱耦合模式,而进入强耦合模式。频谱加宽,并融合在一起;各谱峰之间的频移不再以等离子体波的频率为间隔,而是小于电子等离子体波的频率。模拟了各种条件下的背向散射Raman谱特性,结果显示：随着密度的提高,背向受激Raman谱的强度也将提高,这与理论结果符合得较好。     

大模场掺镱双包层光子晶体光纤内包层新型结构研究

制备了掺镱多组分硅酸盐光子晶体光纤纤芯材料。其折射率为1.586,有效荧光半高宽为85.3 nm,荧光寿命为1.30 ms。分析了光纤结构参数对光子晶体光纤的归一化频率（单模截止条件）、数值孔径、有效模面积、非线性效应和限制损耗等参数的影响。设计了以该材料为纤芯,内包层为八边形、五层空气孔的新型结构光子晶体光纤。用有限元法对该光子晶体光纤性能进行了数值模拟。结果表明,该光纤有效模场面积为1 150 μm²;当空气孔直径为21.6 μm、孔间距为60 μm时,内包层数值孔径达到0.45。     

20Gb/s系统中偏振模色散的偏振度反馈控制分析

基于主偏振态理论和一阶偏振模色散近似,推导出光信号偏振度的一个简洁解析表达式。并利用该解析表达式和快速傅里叶变换,对20Gb／s系统的偏振模色散补偿中,偏振度监测法的灵敏度和跟踪范围受多种因素(如脉冲啁啾、占空比、消光比、放大自发辐射噪声、自相位调制等)的影响程度进行了数值模拟分析。发现利用偏振度监测法反馈控制偏振模色散补偿时,监测灵敏度和跟踪范围是折中的,较小的占空比有利于提高偏振度监测法的灵敏度,而且总可以对高达1．5个位周期(75ps)的差分群延时进行跟踪,但当占空比低于0．5时,跟踪范围迅速缩小,消光比和放大自发辐射噪声不会明显改变偏振度监测法的跟踪范围,自相位调制效应显著地影响偏振度监测法的性能。     

一维光子晶体微腔在硅基材料发光中的应用研究

硅基材料的高效发光对未来硅基光电子集成的发展极其关键,含微腔的一维光子晶体可以显著提高其发光强度、窄化其发光峰.介绍了几种硅基材料发光的一维光子晶体微腔结构,包括单缺陷模式的对称与非对称结构、多缺陷模结构及电注入结构.利用传输矩阵法计算其缺陷模透射谱,以间接分析其发光谱.     

剪切力模式近场扫描光学显微镜的恒幅反馈控制方法研究

剪切力模式近场扫描光学显微镜(Near-field Scanning Optical Microscopy,NSOM) 的音叉探针间距控制系统中,用相位反馈控制和检测剪切力,同时采用比例＋积分（PI）技术实现对音叉探针振幅的反馈控制,使探针振幅在扫描过程中保持为恒定值.用相位信号作为探针与样品间距控制信号,分别在无振幅反馈和有振幅反馈两种情况下,以不同速率扫描得到标准CD_RW光盘光栅的两组图像,并进行了比较分析.实验表明,恒振幅反馈电路的引入有助于提高探针系统的响应速度和灵敏度,改善所得图像的质量及分辨率.     

Electrochemical, morphological and microstructural characterization of carbon film resistor electrodes for application in electrochemical sensors

The electrochemical and microstructural properties of carbon film electrodes made from carbon film electrical resistors of 1.5, 15, 140 Ω and 2.0 kΩ nominal resistance have been investigated before and after electrochemical pre-treatment at +0.9 V vs SCE, in order to assess the potential use of these carbon film electrodes as electrochemical sensors and as substrates for sensors and biosensors. The results obtained are compared with those at electrodes made from previously investigated 2 Ω carbon film resistors. Cyclic voltammetry was performed in acetate buffer and phosphate buffer saline electrolytes and the kinetic parameters of the model redox system Fe(CN)₆^3−/4− obtained. The 1.5 Ω resistor electrodes show the best properties for sensor development with wide potential windows, similar electrochemical behaviour to those of 2 Ω and close-to-reversible kinetic parameters after electrochemical pre-treatment. The 15 and 140 Ω resistor electrodes show wide potential windows although with slower kinetics, whereas the 2.0 kΩ resistor electrodes show poor cyclic voltammetric profiles even after pre-treatment. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy related these findings to the interfacial properties of the electrodes. Microstructural and morphological studies were carried out using contact mode Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Confocal Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. AFM showed more homogeneity of the films with lower nominal resistances, related to better electrochemical characteristics. X-ray diffraction and Confocal Raman spectroscopy indicate the existence of a graphitic structure in the carbon films.     

Mode selective directional couplers for overmoded waveguide systems

Two types of directional couplers for transverse electric (TE) modes are described: short and multihole couplers, respectively. They selectively pick one mode out of a mode mixture in an overmoded circular waveguide system. Unwanted modes are either statistically kept at low level or are suppressed by destructive interference in the coupling waveguide. Mode selectivity and directivity in multihole couplers oscillate up and down with an increasing number of holes, finally reaching a minimum of approximately 20 dB, unless there are competing modes with rational fractions of the beat wavelength. A multihole coupler for the TE₀₂ mode (28 GHz, 63.4 mm waveguide diameter, 41 holes) and a length of 1.6 m shows a calculated directivity of 68 dB and suppresses the unwanted modes TE₀₁ with 34 dB (24 dB), TE₂₂ with 37 dB (45 dB), and further modes TE_m (<5, m<6) with 17 dB to 34 dB in forward direction (figures in parentheses are for unwanted modes propagating in backward direction).A short directional coupler for the TE₀₁ mode (28 GHz, 63.4 mm waveguide diameter) with 16 holes and a length of 230 mm shows a directivity of 55 to 100 dB between 27.9 and 28.1 GHz, suppressing the TE₀₂ mode with 35 to 80 dB, the TE₀₃ mode with 30 to 65 dB, and the TE₂₂ mode with 30 to 70 dB.     

The mean spherical model in a random external field and the replica method

We provide a quick elementary solution of the mean spherical model in a random external field. This also allows an immediate proof of the self-averaging property of the free energy. We calculate the free energy by means of the replica method, i.e., for any (not necessarily integer) replica numbern, and show that when a phase transition occurs the limits andn 0 are not interchangeable.