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51.
采用表面活性剂辅助共沉淀法制备了Ni-Mg-Al固体碱催化剂并用于CH4-CO2重整反应,探讨了表面活性剂对Ni(111),Ni(200)晶面的择优取向作用,在800℃下比较了不同表面活性剂制备的催化剂的催化性能,详细考察了CTAB制备的催化剂CB-LDO在不同反应温度下的催化活性和稳定性.采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、程序升温还原、X射线光电子能谱、高分辨透射电镜和程序升温氧化等表征手段分析了催化剂的活性、稳定性和失活原因.结果表明,四丙基氢氧化铵(TPAOH)促进Ni(200)的生长,而聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯(P123)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)抑制Ni(200)晶面的生长;Ni(200)的结晶程度对CH4的活化起到关键的作用,催化剂CB-LDO在高温下反应会发生晶型的转化,Ni(200)晶面由于反应过程中生成NiAl2O4尖晶石而得到缓慢释放,使催化剂的活性得以维持较高的水平. 相似文献
52.
The drainage of thin liquid films between colliding bubbles is strongly influenced by the boundary conditions at the air–liquid interface. Theoretically, the interface should not resist any tangential stress (fully mobile) in a clean water system, resulting in very fast film drainage and coalescence between bubbles within milliseconds. In reality, under most experimental and industrial conditions, the presence of impurities or surfactants can immobilize the interface and significantly hinder bubble coalescence by several orders of magnitude. In this opinion, we introduce the recent progress on understanding the boundary conditions at the air–water interface, and how they may affect the outcome of bubble collisions. The transition from mobile to immobile boundary conditions in the presence of contaminations is discussed. Despite the considerable recent progress, there are still experimental and theoretical challenges remaining on this topic, for example, finding the mechanism for hindered bubble coalescence by high salt concentrations. 相似文献
53.
《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2020,13(9):6942-6948
In the present study, SiO2 nanoparticles were first hydrophobically modified and then added into anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) stabilized water-based foam to improve the foam stability. The foam stability was experimentally evaluated by measuring surface tension, Zeta potential and half-life of the foam. The foam stabilizing mechanism was also studied from a micro perspective by molecular dynamics simulation through analyzing the equilibration configuration and MSD curve of both SDS surfactant and water molecules. The results show that foam exhibits an optimal stability when SiO2 concentration is 0.35 wt% under a specific surfactant concentration (0.5 wt%) in this work. The addition of SiO2 nanoparticles with suitable concentration could improve the adsorption between SDS molecules and nanoparticles, thus limiting the movement of SDS and restricting the movement of surrounding water molecules, which is beneficial to enhance the foam stability. 相似文献
54.
55.
Surfactants and related products are closely related to the daily life of humankind and play a vital role in industrial production. In this paper, the classification, developing history and future direction of surfactants are introduced by means of anthropomorphism. In addition, it addresses the principles of related physical chemistry, so that the readers could understand the relevant theories and knowledge of surfactant chemistry with a pleasant reading experience. 相似文献
56.
光谱法研究蛋白质与表面活性剂的相互作用 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
结合本课题组的工作, 较系统地总结了近年来有关紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱、圆二色光谱和电子自旋共振光谱技术在蛋白质-表面活性剂混合体系研究中的应用. 大量研究表明, 借助于光谱技术不仅可以研究蛋白质结构与功能的关系, 而且可以探讨蛋白质与表面活性剂的作用机理. 相似文献
57.
A review on experimental studies of surfactant adsorption at the hydrophilic solid-water interface 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The progresses of understanding of the surfactant adsorption at the hydrophilic solid-liquid interface from extensive experimental studies are reviewed here. In this respect the kinetic and equilibrium studies involves anionic, cationic, non-ionic and mixed surfactants at the solid surface from the solution. Kinetics and equilibrium adsorption of surfactants at the solid-liquid interface depend on the nature of surfactants and the nature of the solid surface. Studies have been reported on adsorption kinetics at the solid-liquid interface primarily on the adsorption of non-ionic surfactant on silica and limited studies on cationic surfactant on silica and anionic surfactant on cotton and cellulose. The typical isotherm of surfactants in general, can be subdivided into four regions. Four-regime isotherm was mainly observed for adsorption of ionic surfactant on oppositely charged solid surface and adsorption of non-ionic surfactant on silica surface. Region IV of the adsorption isotherm is commonly a plateau region above the CMC, it may also show a maximum above the CMC. Isotherms of four different regions are discussed in detail. Influences of different parameters such as molecular structure, temperature, salt concentration that are very important in surfactant adsorption are reviewed here. Atomic force microscopy study of different surfactants show the self-assembly and mechanism of adsorption at the solid-liquid interface. Adsorption behaviour and mechanism of different mixed surfactant systems such as anionic-cationic, anionic-non-ionic and cationic-non-ionic are reviewed. Mixture of surface-active materials can show synergistic interactions, which can be manifested as enhanced surface activity, spreading, foaming, detergency and many other phenomena. 相似文献
58.
吖啶橙—罗丹明6G—罗丹明B组合成各种混合染料体系的能量转移研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文对吖啶橙-罗丹明6G-罗丹明B组合成各种混合染料体系的能量转移进行了研究。结果表明,在十二烷基硫酸钠的水溶液中,吖啶橙-罗丹明6G间,罗丹明6G-;罗丹明B间,吖啶橙-罗丹明B间均能发生有效的能量转移。可以认为不仅染料单体,而且二聚体也是能量转移效率的竞争,探讨了表面活性剂对能量转移的影响。本文的工作将有助于拓宽能量转移的理论研究和应用范围。 相似文献
59.
表面活性剂对完全液相法制Cu-Zn-Al浆状催化剂结构和性能的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用完全液相法制备了Cu-Zn-Al双功能浆状催化剂, 利用不同类型表面活性剂对其进行了修饰和改性. 通过N2气吸附、XRD和XPS等方法考察了表面活性剂类型对催化剂织构、物相以及表面性质的影响, 采用浆态床反应装置对其合成气一步法制备二甲醚的催化活性进行了评价, 讨论了催化剂结构与性能的关系. 结果表明, 表面活性剂主要是通过与活性金属的作用调节催化剂的表面性质、孔结构、相结构以及晶粒大小, 进而影响催化剂的催化活性; 非离子表面活性剂总体上对催化剂的性能有促进作用, 阳离子表面活性剂和阴离子表面活性剂对催化剂性能存在不利影响; 表面活性剂与活性金属作用的强弱是影响性能的关键. 相似文献
60.