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111.
The energy of a mass of liquid is evaluated asymptotically in powers of the range of the intermolecular potential divided by a typical dimension of the liquid. The leading term is the internal energy, proportional to the liquid volume. The second term is the energy of surface tension, proportional to the area of the liquid surface. The third term is proportional to an integral over this surface of the square of the mean curvature of the surface minus one-third of its Gaussian curvature. This new term has exactly the form of the bending energy of a thin elastic plate. Comparing it with the bending energy yields expressions for the flexural rigidity and the Poisson ratio of the liquid surface. This flexural rigidity of the surface leads to new terms in the equation of equilibrium of the liquid surface, in addition to the usual surface tension terms. 相似文献
112.
Nanocrystalline thin films of copper selenide have been grown on glass and tin doped-indium oxide substrates using chemical method. At ambient temperature, golden films have been synthesized and annealed at 200 °C for 1 h and were examined for their structural, surface morphological and optical properties by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and UV-vis spectrophotometry techniques, respectively. Cu2−xSe phase was confirmed by XRD pattern and spherical grains of 30 ± 4 - 40 ± 4 nm in size aggregated over about 130 ± 10 nm islands were seen by SEM images. Effect of annealing on crystallinity improvement, band edge shift and photoelectrochemical performance (under 80 mW/cm2 light intensity and in lithium iodide electrolyte) has been studied and reported. Observed p-type electrical conductivity in copper selenide thin films make it a suitable candidate for heterojunction solar cells. 相似文献
113.
114.
Microstructure and related properties of hydrogenated silicon samples, Si:H, treated at high-temperature (HT) up to 1270 K under hydrostatic argon pressure (HP) up to 1.1 GPa are investigated. To prepare Si:H, Czochralski grown 0 0 1 oriented single crystalline Si wafer with 50 nm thick surface SiO2 layer was heavily implanted with hydrogen using the immersion plasma source of hydrogen ions with energy 24 keV.The surface of HT-HP treated Si:H was characterised by scanning electron microscopy. Reflectivity pattern measurements in the wavelength range of 350-2000 nm have been performed to analyse their surface and bulk properties. The volume averaging method for a model of layer-like structure has been used to simulate the HT-HP treated Si:H. The analysis of Si:H samples suggests the multi-layer structure composed of Si, Si:H, SiO, SiO2, and of porous Si layers in the sub-surface region. The porous Si:H samples model is in good consistency with experimental data from reflectance measurements. 相似文献
115.
A simple “chimney” method was used to eliminate the voids in an arrangement of quantum dots sized 2 nm on a solid substrate, which resulted in a large well ordered superlattice of area in the order more than 1 μm2. Based on the principle of speeding up the interparticle interaction of nanoparticles to overcome the particle-substrate one, a lateral centripetal force originated from a glass tube acting as a chimney in a simple evaporation device is imposed. This method allows the packing process to be controlled in a mechanical force field, that is, with the same nanogold dispersion different patterns on a substrate—from separate dots to an ordered compact monolayer or even a multilayer structure—could be easily obtained. 相似文献
116.
Metal foils for Raman scattering were prepared by HNO_3 etching method. These foils werefound to exhibit a strong SERS effect and excellent thermal stability. SERS spectra of cystaminehave been taken to illustrate the usefulness of this sample preparation method in the studies ofchemisorption. The ring opening reactions of an epoxy compound have been observed on the topof chemisorbed cystamine on silver foils. 相似文献
117.
STUDY ON THE CONCENTRATION DEPENDENCE OF ORIENTATION OF POLYSTYRENE ON SILVER BY THE SERS TECHNIQUE*
Dong-hui Zhang Jin-gui Qin Jing-shu Shen You Wang Wan-jun Liu Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan China Polymer Physics Laboratory Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《高分子科学》2000,(2):177-180
Polystyrene films were adsorbed onto a silver surface from dichloromethane solutions with concentrations of 0.1 to12 wt%, and then studied by the surface enhanced Raman technique. A critical concentration for coil interpenetration wasobserved. 相似文献
118.
Yong-liang Zhu Bin Wang Jian Yu Zhao-xia Guo 《高分子科学》2007,(3):291-296
PEG (Polyethylene Glycol)-grafted nano-titania has been obtained in a one-step procedure using hexamethylene diisocyanate as the coupling agent and dibutyltin dilaurate as the catalyst in toluene at 80℃ and characterized qualitatively by FTIR and quantitatively by elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. A comparison of nano-titania with two other commonly used inorganic nanoparticles, nano-silica and nano-alumina, is made, revealing that reactivity order is nano- silica 〉 nano-alumina 〉 nano-titania in view of PEG grafting. Possible mechanism of PEG grafting is also discussed. 相似文献
119.
AB5型球形合金粉的表面处理研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
由雾化(Gas-atomization)技术制备的AB5型球形合金粉,作为镍氢电池负极材料具有很多优点:粉粒呈球状便于在多孔基片内装填;耐压耐磨性好;抗碱能力强且不易解胶.但它的电化学初活性差,难于活化.有碍电池中的应用.采用适宜的氧化剂(铜盐水溶液)处理,使球粒表面形成一个富铜、富镍亚层,显著地改善了合金粉的电化学活性.经处理的MlNi3.8CO0.5Mn0.3Al0.4球形合金粉,仅3次充放电循环其放电量便可达到240mA·h·g-1;而未经处理的同一合金粉即便经6次充放电循环其放电量也只有103mA·h·g-1. 相似文献
120.