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161.
V. Riveros M. Gulppi M. Páez J. H. Zagal C. M. Rangel D. Huerta P. Skeldon G. E. Thompson 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2006,10(2):83-90
Using voltage-time responses and cyclic voltammetry, the initial stages of anodizing of Al–2.1 at.% Ag and Al–4 at.% Ag alloys
are shown to depend upon the heat treatment of the alloys and the pre-treatment of the alloy surfaces. Chemical polishing
of solution-treated alloys leads to relatively uniform anodic oxidation on a relatively smooth alloy surface, in the absence
of significant effects of coarse, silver-rich intermetallics. In contrast, losses of current to oxygen generation arise for
the roughened alloy surface from mechanical polishing. With ageing, secondary reactions at the relatively silver-rich intermetallics
are more prevalent, although the effects on the voltage-time response depend upon the balance between processes occurring
on the matrix and intermetallic regions, including film growth, oxygen generation within the anodic film, film damage due
to release of oxygen, dissolution of silver species and re-growth of damaged film. 相似文献
162.
163.
This paper describes basic studies of the surface modification of polyimide covered wires for insulation of electrical machines. Drain-off of the impregnating resin during production should be reduced by introduction of surface catalytic groups. 1H NMR kinetic analysis of aminolytic ring opening reaction of low molecular model compounds for polyimides showed very fast modification reactions. The catalytic effect of various functional groups on unsaturated polyester imide, acrylate and epoxy resins was investigated by DSC. Co(II)-catalysts and tertiary aliphatic amines proved highest activity for double bond containing systems and epoxy resins, respectively. Aminolytic treatment of Kapton® slides was followed by ATR-IR spectroscopy. Plate-plate rheometer measurements of epoxy resins employing tertiary amine-treated Kapton® slides proved significantly reduced gelling temperature. 相似文献
164.
The micellization behavior of an anionic gemini surfactant, GA with nonionic surfactants C12E8 and C12E5 in presence of 0.1 M NaCl at 298 K temperature, has been studied tensiometrically in pure and mixed states, and the related
physicochemical parameters (cmc, γ
cmc, pC
20, Γ
max, and A
min) have been evaluated. Tensiometric profile (γ vs log [surfactant]), for conventional surfactants, generally consists of a single point of intersection; a gradually decreasing
line (normally linear, or with slight curvature) ultimately saturates in γ at a particular [surfactant], corresponding to complete monolayer saturation. The gemini, in this report, led to two unequivocal
breaks in the tensiometric isotherm. An attempt to the interpretation of the two breaks from molecular point of view is provided,
depending solely on the chemical structure of the surfactant. The gemini, even in mixed state with the conventional nonionic
surfactants C12E5 and C12E8, manifested the dual breaks; of course, the dominance of the feature decreases with increasing mole fraction of the nonionics
in the mixture. Theories of Clint, Rosen, Rubingh, Motomura, Georgiev, Maeda, and Nagarajan have been used to determine the
interaction between surfactants at the interface and micellar state of aggregation, the composition of the aggregates, the
theoretical cmc in pure and mixed states, and the structural parameters according to Tanford and Israelachvili. Several thermodynamic
parameters have also been predicted from those theories. 相似文献
165.
Takeshi Ishijima Yoshiki Mizumori Kenji Kikuchi Atsushi Suzuki Takuji Okaya 《Colloid and polymer science》2005,283(7):799-804
Polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) in various fatty acids (carbon numbers 4–18) was carried out. Chain transfer constants to the acids were determined to be 20–35×10–4, from which the constant to a methylene group was obtained to be 0.73×10–4. Viscometry in aqueous solution of derived poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) showed the usual behavior in terms of Huggins constant obtained by the Schulz–Blaschkes equation for PVAs derived from fatty acid systems lower than hexadecanoic acid. PVA derived from octadecanoic acid system showed abnormality, indicating association of alkyl groups. Contact angles on surfaces of PVAs cast from aqueous solutions were measured. While those of PVA derived from lower acid systems were 62°, those of PVAs derived from higher aids were higher and increased to 92° with increase in carbon number to octadecanoic acid. Alkyl groups in the PVAs were estimated to appear on the surfaces. Surface tension of aqueous solution of the PVA derived from octadecanoic acid showed high surface activity, and depended on pH of the solution, indicating the presence and cleavage of lactone ring at the combined portion between PVA and the acid. 相似文献
166.
CdSe纳米线阵列的制备及其表征(英) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过在含有SeSO32-和Cd2+的室温水溶液中,用模板-电沉积法在纳米孔阵列阳极氧化铝膜(AAM)模板中制备了高有序性的CdSe纳米线阵列,并对其形貌、结构和组分进行了表征。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)结果表明,纳米线阵列中的CdSe纳米线具有相同的长度和直径,分别对应于使用的AAM模板的厚度和孔径;X-射线衍射(XRD)和X-射线能谱(EDAX)结果表明,CdSe纳米线中Cd和Se的化学组成非常接近于1∶1,其结构为立方CdSe。另外,对模板-电沉积法制备CdSe纳米线的机理进行了讨论。 相似文献
167.
168.
JunZhou Yong-zhiQiu Xiao-pengZang Chang-wangPan QiangChen JianShen Si-congLin 《高分子科学》2005,(1):93-102
N,N-dimethyl-N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N-carboxyethyl ammonium (DMMCA) was graft-copolymerized onto the surface of segmented poly(ether urethane) (SPEU) and PE film. The carboxybetaine structure on SPEU and PE film surfaces was confirmed by ATR-FTIR, XPS and water contact angle measurements. Through the experiments with platelet adhesion and protein adhesion assay in vitro, the two materials studied, including poly-DMMCA gel, all show excellent nonthrombogenicity. This confirms once again that the zwitterionic molecular structure on the surfaces of materials is essential for improving their nonthrombogenicity and biocompatibility. 相似文献
169.
Ranjana Yadav 《European Polymer Journal》2007,43(8):3531-3537
Models capable of predicting the maximum extent of conversion (p) of cardanol-based novolac-type phenolic resin, have been developed using response surface methodology to determine the optimum reaction conditions. Three-dimensional response surface and their contour plot were drawn. The maximum extent of conversion (98.93%) was predicted when the cardanol was condensed with formaldehyde (molar ratio 1:0.652) at 119.84 °C for a time period of 3 h with the catalyst (e.g., citric acid) concentration of 1.988% of total volume of cardanol and formaldehyde. The pH of the reaction mixture was maintained at 3.0. These predicted values for optimum process conditions were in good agreement with experimental data. 相似文献
170.
LaPO4纳米微粒的制备及表征 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Surface-modified LaPO4 nanoparticales were synthesized in the mixture solvent of water-ethanol with the surface modification age of dialkylphosphate. The conditions of synthesis and characterization were discussed. The results indicated that nanoparticle core of LaPO4 and surface-modified layer were formed. The surface-modified nanoparticles of LaPO4 can be dispersed in organic solvent and has better lubricating properties. 相似文献