Modes splitting in graphene-based double-barrier waveguides

The graphene-based double-barrier waveguides induced by electric field have been investigated. The guided modes can only exist in the case of Klein tunneling, and the fundamental mode is absent. The guided modes in the single-barrier waveguide split into symmetric and antisymmetric modes with different incident angles in the double-barrier waveguide.The phase difference between electron states and hole states is also discussed. The phase difference for the two splitting modes is close to each other and increases with the order of guided modes. These phenomena can be helpful for the potential applications in graphene-based optoelectronic devices.     

Electro‐optic Polymer Ring Resonator Modulator on a Flat Silicon‐on‐Insulator

Optical polymers are a promising material of choice in the development of hybrid silicon photonics devices. Particularly, recent progress in electro‐optic (EO) active polymers has shown a strong Pockels effect. A ring resonator modulator is a vital building block for practical applications, such as signal processing, routing, and monitoring. However, the properties of the hybrid silicon and EO polymer ring modulators are still far from their theoretical limits. Here, we demonstrate a unique design of a hybrid ring resonator modulator simply located onto a silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) substrate. Extra doping and etching of the SOI wafer is not required, even so we measured an in‐device electro‐optic coefficient r₃₃ = 129 pm/V. The ring modulator exhibited a high sensitivity of the electrically tunable resonance, which enabled a 3 dB bandwidth of up to 18 GHz. The proposed technique will enable efficient mass‐production of the micro‐footprint modulators and promote the development of integrated silicon photonics.     

Compact surface plasmon amplifier in nonlinear hybrid waveguide

Surface plasmon polariton(SPP), a sub-wavelength surface wave promising for photonic integration, always suffers from the large metallic loss that seriously restricts its practical application. Here, we propose a compact SPP amplifier based on a nonlinear hybrid waveguide(a combination of silver, LiNbO_3, and SiO_2), where a couple of Bragg gratings are introduced in the waveguide to construct a cavity. This special waveguide is demonstrated to support a highly localized SPP-like hybrid mode and a low loss waveguide-like hybrid mode. To provide a large nonlinear gain, a pumping wave input from the LiNbO_3 waveguide is designed to resonate inside the cavity and satisfy the cavity phase matching to fulfill the optical parametric amplification(OPA) of the SPP signal. Proper periods of gratings and the cavity length are chosen to satisfy the impedance matching condition to ensure the high input efficiency of the pump wave from the outside into the cavity. In theoretical calculations, this device demonstrates a high performance in a very compact scheme(~3.32 μm) and a much lower pumping power for OPA compared with single-pass pumping. To obtain a comprehensive insight into this cavity OPA, the influences of the pumping power, cavity length, and the initial phase are discussed in detail.     

Rigorous analysis of optical forces between two dielectric planar waveguides immersed in dielectric fluid media

This work presents a rigorous analysis of optical forces between planar waveguides immersed in an arbitrary background medium. This approach exploits the Minkowski stress tensor formulation, which is compared with a normalized version of the dispersion relation method, showing excellent results agreement for different dielectric fluid media. Due to slot‐waveguide effect, optical forces from TM modes are more sensitive to changes in the fluid refractive index than the TE counterparts. Furthermore, the repulsive optical force from the antisymmetric TM1 mode becomes stronger for higher refractive indexes, whereas the attractive force of the symmetric TM0 mode becomes weaker. The methodology and results presented in this work provide a rigorous analysis of nano‐optomechanical devices actuated by optical forces in a broad range of materials and applications. Therefore, this study may impact areas of light‐induced interactions presenting novel optofluidic and optomechanical functionalities, thus finding applications in nanoscale transport, sensing and manipulation.

     

Low loss smart hollow waveguides with new polymer coating material

A new kind of cyclic olefin polymer COP-E48R has been selected as the dielectric material for a silver hollow glass tube. Owing to its lower extinction coefficient at the wavelength of 10.6 μm, transmission losses for the CO₂ laser light has been reduced significantly in the COP-E48R-coated silver (COP-E48R/Ag) hollow glass waveguide. By properly selecting the film thickness of COP, Er:YAG and CO₂ laser light are shown to be transmitted with low loss simultaneously or independently. Delivery properties of red and green pilot beams were also evaluated.     

Far Field Calculations and Measurements of an S-Bend Deformed Oversized HE11-Waveguide Antenna

The mode conversion in an s-bend deformed HE₁₁ waveguide is calculated. With the mode mixture at the end of the waveguide, the corresponding far-fields for different waveguide lengths are calculated and compared with measurements. Optimisations of the total waveguide length and diameter are performed.     

Energy transport in plasmon waveguides on chains of metal nanoplates

An interest in energy transport in 3D chains of metal nanoparticles is oriented towards future applications in nanoscale optical devices. We consider plasmonic waveguides composed of silver nanoplates arranged in several geometries to find the one with the lowest attenuation. We investigate light propagation of 500-nm wavelength along different chains of silver nanoplates of subwavelength length and width and wavelength-size height. Energy transmission of the waveguides is analysed in the range of 400–2000 nm. We find that chain of short parallel nanoplates guides energy better than two electromagnetically coupled continuous stripes and all other considered nonparallel structures. In a wavelength range of 500–600 nm, this 2-μm long 3D waveguide transmits 39% of incident energy in a channel of λ × λ/2 cross section area.     

掺半导体玻璃波导特性研究

利用离子交换技术制成了单模和多模掺CdSxSe_1-x半导体玻璃波导。通过对波导参数的测量得出这种波导的折射率剖面满足费米函数分布。同时,对这种K⁺—Na⁺离子交换技术得到的单模波导在0.5145μm波长下输入—输出功率的测量,观测到它的功率限制作用。并得到在Ar⁺激光0.5145μm波长下吸收系敲是4cm^-1。在这篇文章中,我们对波导的光功率限制起源于热效应进行了分析和讨论。     

Phased array for millimeter wave frequencies

A phased array is presented at a frequency of 70 GHz, consisting of a corporate feed, ferrite phase shifters and dielectric rod antennas. Metal waveguides were utilized to construct the feed network, whereas a special dielectric waveguide structure was employed for the ferrite phase shifter and dielectric rod antenna. Beam scanning can be performed electronically controlled in the horizontal plane.     

Hybrid Strip-Loaded Waveguides on Silicon Substrates

In this contribution we report on the preliminary results of synthesis and characterization of both planar and strip-loaded waveguides on silicon substrates. All the layers (buffer, guiding and cladding) have been grown by one step spin-coating process using hybrid organic/inorganic sol-gel route. Their thickness ranges from less than 1 m, for the cladding layer, up to 4 m, for the buffer one. The refractive index of the different planar waveguides were measured by means of m-line technique. Layer interfaces have been investigated with secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). Photolithography and reactive ion etching (RIE) technique have been employed to pattern the strip-loaded structures. Optical and scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to evaluate their shape. Preliminary longitudinal transmission measurements for strip-loaded waveguides are also reported.