Interactive System for Similarity-Based Inspection and Assessment of the Well-Being of mHealth Users

Recent digitization technologies empower mHealth users to conveniently record their Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) through web applications, smartphones, and wearable devices. These recordings can help clinicians understand how the users’ condition changes, but appropriate learning and visualization mechanisms are required for this purpose. We propose a web-based visual analytics tool, which processes clinical data as well as EMAs that were recorded through a mHealth application. The goals we pursue are (1) to predict the condition of the user in the near and the far future, while also identifying the clinical data that mostly contribute to EMA predictions, (2) to identify users with outlier EMA, and (3) to show to what extent the EMAs of a user are in line with or diverge from those users similar to him/her. We report our findings based on a pilot study on patient empowerment, involving tinnitus patients who recorded EMAs with the mHealth app TinnitusTips. To validate our method, we also derived synthetic data from the same pilot study. Based on this setting, results for different use cases are reported.     

基于改进Mask RCNN和SVR的无接触梭子蟹体质量预测研究

提出了一个改进Mask RCNN目标检测算法用以对养殖梭子蟹进行视觉特征测量. 通过在养殖区域采集梭子蟹图像, 用上位机识别梭子蟹旋转角度以及甲长和甲宽方向, 对输出的Mask进行模板修补, 提高模板内区域的置信度. 通过图像-实景对应关系换算梭子蟹的真实尺寸, 并估算其投影面积、甲宽与甲长, 结果准确率高于85%. 同时, 对视觉算法得到的梭子蟹尺寸特征与其体质量进行拟合, 引入k-means聚类, 实现双模型支持向量回归机(SVR)预测结构. 通过差分进化算法对SVR适应度函数进行寻优, 设计了随迭代次数、寻优效果同步变化的缩放因子, 以及适者更易生存策略的交叉概率因子, 以验证改进算法的寻优能力. 测试时, 对新传入的数据首先进行归一化处理, 然后判断所归属的聚类中心, 再传至相应的SVR模型进行预测. 测试结果相对误差小于18%.     

基于个性化人眼模型的大视场波像差特性的研究

大视场波前像差对人眼光学系统的影响不容忽视。运用Zemax光学设计软件分别为8只正常人眼构建了个性化的人眼模型,该人眼模型由实际测量的人眼波前像差数据、角膜地形数据及眼内各部分轴向间距数据优化得来,与个体人眼具有相同的光学特性。在此基础上,分析了人眼颞侧方向0°,10°,20°,30°,40°,50°视场的离轴像差随视场角的变化趋势,得出边缘视觉比中央视觉质量差主要来源在于像散与彗差。四阶以上的高阶像差随着视场角的改变,变化不大。将个性化人眼模型计算得到的大视场波前像差值与用哈特曼夏克(Hartmann-Shack)波前传感器实际测量得到的人眼像差值相比较,两者结果相吻合。     

基于结构相似度的图像融合质量评价

在分析现有图像融合质量评价方法特点的基础上,提出了新型的、基于结构相似度的图像融合质量评价方法.针对不同情况,分别采用平均结构相似度、加权平均结构相似度、结构信息与交互信息量之乘积作为图像融合质量客观评价标准.该方法充分考虑了图像的结构信息和人类视觉系统的特性,可以为不同场合下选择不同的算法提供依据.对不同融合算法的质量评价结果表明,该方法是一种有效的图像融合质量评价方法.     

一种改进的利用人眼视觉特性的小波域数字水印技术

不可见性和稳健性是数字水印最基本的要求,而影响水印这两个基本特性的因素主要是嵌入策略、嵌入公式和嵌入强度。提出一种改进的利用人眼视觉特性的基于离散小波变换（DWT）的数字水印算法。实验结果表明,应用本算法实现的水印嵌入强度可调,在满足不可见性的条件下,对常见的图像处理和噪声干扰具有很好的稳健性。     

Structural Balance of Opinions

The concept of Heider balance, usually applied to interpersonal relations, is generalized here to opinions gathered in surveys. At first, we compare four algorithms, which drive a matrix dataset to a balanced state. The criterion is that the final state obtained with an algorithm should be as close as possible to the initial state. The result is that deterministic differential equations work better than their Monte Carlo counterparts. Next, we apply the winning algorithms to the matrix of correlations between opinions gathered in American states between 1974 and 1998. The results are interpreted in terms of the classic comfort hypothesis (E. Babbie, 2007).     

比率型碳点荧光传感器检测机理与应用研究进展

比率型荧光传感器由于具有抗干扰能力强和灵敏度高等优点,在食品安全、金属离子检测、环境污染分析等许多领域显示出巨大的应用潜力。而碳点作为一种新型荧光材料,不仅具有优良的荧光性能,而且毒性低、易于表面功能化,非常适合构建比率型荧光传感器。本文就近年来比率型碳点荧光传感器在检测领域的研究进展进行综述,重点阐述了碳点的荧光检测机理,并根据碳点使用情况的不同,对不同类型的比率型碳点荧光传感器进行了分类总结。最后提出了该领域亟待解决的困难和问题,并对其在分析物检测方面的发展方向进行了展望。     

一种新的基于关键子块的图像检索算法

为了将有效的文本检索技术应用到图像检索中,结合人眼视觉特性及方块编码的思想,提出了一种基于图像关键子块的检索算法.即首先利用图像方块编码的思想将图像预先分成互不重叠的子图像块,然后利用方块编码的思想,根据块的灰度差对这些子图像进行独立地编码,这些子图像的方块编码构成的块不仅能有效的描述图像的纹理内容,而且可以反映图像的形状分布和边缘分布.以此来定义图像的关键子块.最后借助文本检索技术来实现图像检索.同时,考虑到不同类型关键子块在图像中出现的频度对检索效果的影响,又提出了相应的改进算法.实验结果表明,该算法是有效的.     

Integration System of Head,Eye, and Retinal Position Signals for Perceptual Direction

This study investigates the integration system of head (-to-trunk), eye (-to-head), and retinal position signals for hand pointing. In experiment 1, subjects changed their head and eye positions and pointed at a fixated visual stimulus by using an unseen pointer. In experiment 2, subjects fixated a visual stimulus and pointed at another visual stimulus. The results show that the head and eye position signals contributed linearly to perceptual direction (experiments 1 and 2), and that the coefficients of these signals decrease with peripheral vision and are smaller than the coefficient of the retinal position signal (experiment 2). These results collectively suggest that the integration algorithm of the position signals might be described by the linear summation equation and that the retinal position signal serves a more important role than the other position signals in the visual system.     

潜在视功能检测仪光学参数特性的研究与优化

针对潜在视功能检测仪临床使用中量程有限和对高度屈光不正患者检测结果有一定误差的现象，研究了其光学系统成像特性，建立了系统对视力板成像的视觉放大率公式，分析了准直透镜、成像透镜焦距变化对视觉放大率的影响。系统中视力板移动检测时，准直透镜焦距影响视觉放大率变化快慢，决定视觉放大率曲线的平缓程度；成像透镜焦距对视觉放大率产生整体影响，使视觉放大率曲线产生整体平移。找出了系统的理想参数，能使视觉放大率在整个视力板移动范围内保持不变，消除了检测过程中视力板放大率不同带来的检测误差。通过对各参数的数值分析，得到最优参数，系统检测量程从原来的－7D～＋12D扩大为－11D～＋15D。