基于无消相干子空间的量子避错码设计

针对量子系统的联合消相干模型,可以找到一些不受消相干错误影响的系统状态,这种状态被称为相干保持态,所有相干保持态构成的空间就称为无消相干子空间(decoherencefreesubspace,缩写为DFS).利用DFS的特性可以实现自动容错的量子避错码.首先提出一种DFS的定义,并且以定理的形式证明其他DFS的定义都是等价的.然后给出了DFS的存在性定理.最后利用群论的方法设计一种构造DFS的简单方法 关键词： 相干保持态 无消相干子空间 量子避错码 容错量子计算     

强流脉冲电子束辐照下单晶铝中的堆垛层错四面体

利用强流脉冲电子束技术对单晶铝进行了辐照,并利用透射电镜对强流脉冲电子束诱发的空位簇缺陷进行分析.实验结果表明,强流脉冲电子束能够诱发位错圈、孔洞甚至堆垛层错四面体这种通常在高层错能金属中不能形成的空位簇缺陷,并且三种不同类型的空位簇缺陷的形核过程并不同时发生,三种空位簇缺陷存在着密切的关系.根据实验结果提出了堆垛层错四面体形成与生长机理. 关键词： 强流脉冲电子束 堆垛层错四面体 单晶铝 空位簇缺陷     

故障树模块化在装甲车辆灭火系统故障诊断中的应用

为了实现装甲装备灭火系统故障的快速诊断,提出了一种故障树模块化分析方法;对灭火系统故障树进行深度优先最左遍历,并记录遍历过程,按照遍历顺序对故障树中的每个事件进行标定,并将灭火系统故障树划分为相互独立的模块,依据划分的模块可以通过故障现象对模块内的故障进行排查及修复;实验结果分析表明,该方法可以快速修复模块故障,恢复系统功能,简化了以往对灭火系统所有子事件遍历查错的繁琐过程。该方法同样可以计算故障模块的失效概率,并可以实现故障模块的整体更换,恢复系统性能;证明了故障树模块化方法在灭火系统故障诊断中具有较高的效率,简化了灭火系统诊断流程,在装甲车辆其他系统故障诊断中具有借鉴作用,符合现代作战对于装备保障的需求。     

时频分析在旋转机械状态监测及故障诊断中的应用

本文简要介绍了时频分析方法的发展及其在旋转机械状态监测、故障诊断领域中的应用。并以一个实际监测系统为例，对其检测信号应用时频分析的方法进行了数据处理，对用传统傅立叶变换处理的结果与采用时频分析方法处理的结果进行了对比分析．     

机械故障模糊诊断中模糊矩阵的可视化处理与分析

通过对机械故障诊断中的模糊矩阵及采用不同数学模型运算后的结果进行可视化处理,得到二维图谱和三维图谱,使故障与征兆之间的关系更加明确     

Mathematical modeling of a steam generator for sensor fault detection

A dynamic model for a nuclear power plant steam generator (vertical, preheated, U-tube recirculation-type) is formulated as a sixth-order nonlinear system. The model integrates nodal mass and energy balances for the primary water, the U-tube metal and the secondary water and steam. The downcomer flow is determined by a static balance of momentum. The mathematical system is solved using transient input data from the Philippsburg 2 (FRG) nuclear power plant. The results of the calculation are compared with actual measured values. The proposed model provides a low-cost tool for the automatic control and simulation of the steam generating process. The “parity-space” algorithm is used to demonstrate the applicability of the mathematical model for sensor fault detection and identification purposes. This technique provides a powerful means of generating temporal analytic redundancy between sensor signals. It demonstrates good detection rates of sensor errors using relatively few steps of scanning time and allows the reconfiguration of faulty signals.     

Growth of Fe on Ge(1 1 1) at room temperature studied by X-ray photoelectron diffraction

The growth of ultrathin Fe films of various coverages on Ge(1 1 1) at room temperature using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) was studied via X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD or XPED) together with low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All experimentally observed XPD patterns suggested local order structures of the Fe layers for all thicknesses studied. The short-range order of the resulting structures was found to be enhanced for thinner layers whereas the long-range order was gradually lost with increasing Fe thicknesses. At a very low coverage of 0.8 Å Fe and Ge tend to react to the partly ordered structure in which Fe atoms were located in local environments similar to those for higher Fe coverages. Comparison of theoretical and experimental XPD patterns, along with XPS results, showed that intermixing between Fe and Ge occurred during the pseudomorphic growth with a stacking fault near the interface for all Fe coverages under study. Nevertheless, small percentage of domains without the stacking fault was also found to coexist with those with the stacking fault by performing a quantitative analysis of a reliability factor R of the Fe2p pattern for 5.4 Å. The orientation changes of the Ge2p and Ge3d XPD patterns with Fe thickness were unambiguously explained in terms of their different dependencies on the overlayer thickness due to the different inelastic mean free path lengths used in the simulations. Also, Fe got increasingly enriched in the grown layers with increased Fe coverage. The resulting structures and intermixing are discussed in detail.     

Misalignment Fault Prediction of Wind Turbines Based on Improved Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm

A misalignment fault is a kind of potential fault in double-fed wind turbines. The reasonable and effective fault prediction models are used to predict its development trend before serious faults occur, which can take measures to repair in advance and reduce human and material losses. In this paper, the Least Squares Support Vector Machine optimized by the Improved Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm is used to predict the misalignment index of the experiment platform. The mixed features of time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain indexes of vibration or stator current signals are the inputs of the Least Squares Support Vector Machine. The kurtosis of the same signals is the output of the model, and the 3σ principle of the normal distribution is adopted to set the warning line of misalignment fault. Compared with other optimization algorithms, the experimental results show that the proposed prediction model can predict the development trend of the misalignment index with the least prediction error.     

遥感技术在孝丰-三门湾活动断裂调查中的应用——以杭州地区为例

遥感技术可以在宏观上对活动断裂及其构造特征进行全面的解译和识别．在区域遥感影像图制作和地质解译的基础上，采用增强和融合等图像处理方法，提高了遥感影像清晰度和解译精度，同时结合野外调查、测量以及断裂活动年代样品的采集和测定，对孝丰-三门湾断裂进行了详细的研究，查明了它的空间展布，并鉴定了活动时代和运动性质．研究结果表明，孝丰-三门湾断裂在杭州地区以挤压逆冲运动为主，兼有左旋走滑运动，并在各个地段和各个时期表现形式截然不同，影响了杭州南部地区地层沉积和构造演化．该断裂对杭州地区历史地震和现代地震具备一定的控制作用，可能在晚更新世以来有过活动．     

The effect of sample salt additives on capillary electrophoresis analysis of intact proteins using surface modified capillaries

The effect of adding alkali salts to protein samples for capillary electrophoretic (CE) analysis of intact proteins was studied. A high degree of peak stacking, even for large proteins, was found to occur when alkali salts were added to the sample. The addition of salt to the protein sample promotes a strong improvement in the peak efficiency of individual proteins giving up to 2.1 × 10⁶ apparent plates/m. The concentration of salt required in the sample to reach optimal peak efficiency show dependency on both the molecular weight and molar concentration of the protein. However, adding salt will, at a sufficiently high concentration, cause a mixture of proteins to co-migrate to one very sharp peak. The observed sample stacking effect was obtained with a number of different surface modified silica capillaries indicating a general phenomenon and not surface coating specific.