光纤光栅振动传感匹配检测方法的研究

介绍了用匹配光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）对振动传感进行直接的光强调制，从而完成传感及解调过程的方法，首先从理论上推导了光纤光栅的反射，透射谱的表达式，对光纤光栅的传感机制给出了定性的解释，并建立了数学模型进行模拟，进而报道了利用匹配光纤光栅进行单点解调，将振动传感信号变为解调光栅的输出光强信号，从而进行检测的方法，实验结果与理论吻合得很好，证明该方法是可行的。     

基于小波变换的解相技术研究

提出一种基于小波变换的频域解相技术。对调制栅线图像进行小波变换,生成被测物体背景图像,两幅图像相减得到相对变形栅线图像,分析基频谱,由于背景成分基本消除,利于有用频带的提取,可以实现大梯度变化曲面和复杂形面的自动轮廓测量。     

VB语言环境下基于串口通信的光纤光栅传感网络分析软件的设计

 为了更方便地编写基于串口通信的光纤光栅传感网络的分析软件,实现对光纤光栅传感网络的远程控制,设计了一种VB语言环境下编写光纤光栅传感网络的分析软件的方法。利用VB语言环境实现了PC机和单片机之间串口通信、PC机对单片机的控制、数据处理以及图形绘制功能。并利用已标定的光纤光栅对可调谐激光器解调法的光纤光栅传感网络及其解调软件的精确性和实用性进行测定。实验结果表明该软件具有设计简单、工作稳定的特点。本文也为光纤光栅传感网络的远程控制和联网控制提出了思路。     

Modified magnetic nanoparticles in an electrochemical method for the ochratoxin A determination in Vitis vinifera red grapes tissues

This work described the development and characterization of an electrochemical method using square wave voltammetry (SWV) combined with the use of modified magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which had shown a rapid and sensitive determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in wine grapes (Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec and Syrah) post-harvest tissues. The wine grapes were inoculated with Aspergillus ochraceus to obtain OTA in artificially infected samples. The OTA was directly determined using square-wave voltammetry. The current obtained is directly proportional to the concentration of OTA present in the samples. This method has been used for OTA determination in wine grapes and it was validated against a commercial ELISA test kit. The limits of detection calculated for electrochemical detection and the ELISA were 0.02 and 1.9 μg kg⁻¹, respectively and the coefficients of variation for accuracy and precision dates were below 5.5%. This method promises to be suitable for the detection and quantification of OTA in apparently healthy fruits post-harvest for assuring safety and quality of food as well as consumer's health.     

分布式反馈激光器动态扫描光纤布拉格光栅波长解调系统

通过对该系统采集到的法布里-珀罗(F-P)标准具透射谱和光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感器反射谱进行寻峰算法以及拟合算法的研究,采用C语言编程和LabVIEW编程相结合的方式,实现了FBG波长信号的解调。其中,由于系统采集到的F-P透射谱和FBG反射谱线时域信号数据都由离散点构成,且在3dB带宽内均符合高斯曲线分布,采用高斯拟合对采集到的信号数据进行寻峰处理,提高系统精度;又由于分布式反馈(DFB)激光器的波长扫描存在着一定的非线性,采用二项式拟合对DFB激光器的波长扫描曲线进行拟合,以降低其非线性导致的误差。另外,设置一路标准FBG传感通道用于波长校准。实验研究表明该系统稳定性良好,波长测量范围为1 550.012~1 554.812nm,分辨力为1pm,精度为±10pm,验证了该系统可用于FBG波长信号检测的可行性。     

A comparison of edge- and basal-plane pyrolytic graphite electrodes towards the sensitive determination of hydrocortisone

Electrochemical sensor employing edge-plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (EPPGE) for the sensitive detection of hydrocortisone (HC) is delineated for the first time. The electrochemical properties are investigated exercising the cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry (SWV). When equating with the bare basal-plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (BPPGE), the EPPGE gave better response towards the detection of HC both in terms of sensitivity and detection limit. The voltammetric results indicated that EPPGE remarkably enhances the reduction of HC which leads to considerable amelioration of peak current with shift of peak potential to less negative values. The difference in the surface morphology of two electrodes has been studied. Also, the EPPGE delivered an analytical performance for HC with a sensitivity of 45 nA nM⁻¹ and limit of detection of 88 nM in the concentration range 100-2000 nM. The method has been utilized for the determination of HC in pharmaceuticals and real samples. The electroanalytical method using EPPGE is the most sensitive method for determination of HC with lowest limit of detection to date. The major metabolites present in blood plasma did not intervene with the present investigation as they did not exhibit reduction peak in the experimental range used. A comparison of results with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) signalizes a good agreement.     

A graphene-based electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of paracetamol

An electrochemical sensor based on the electrocatalytic activity of functionalized graphene for sensitive detection of paracetamol is presented. The electrochemical behaviors of paracetamol on graphene-modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry. The results showed that the graphene-modified electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity to paracetamol. A quasi-reversible redox process of paracetamol at the modified electrode was obtained, and the over-potential of paracetamol decreased significantly compared with that at the bare GCE. Such electrocatalytic behavior of graphene is attributed to its unique physical and chemical properties, e.g., subtle electronic characteristics, attractive π-π interaction, and strong adsorptive capability. This electrochemical sensor shows an excellent performance for detecting paracetamol with a detection limit of 3.2 × 10⁻⁸ M, a reproducibility of 5.2% relative standard deviation, and a satisfied recovery from 96.4% to 103.3%. The sensor shows great promise for simple, sensitive, and quantitative detection and screening of paracetamol.     

The transmission link of CAPS navigation and communication system

The Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS) is based on communication satellites with integrated capability, which is different from the Global Positioning System (GPS), the International Maritime Satellite Organization (Inmarsat) and so on. CAPS works at C-band, and its navigation information is not directly generated from the satellite, but from the master control station on the ground and transmitted to users via the satellite. The slightly inclined geostationary-satellite orbit (SIGSO) satellites are adopted in CAPS. All of these increase the difficulty in the design of the system and terminals. In this paper, the authors study the CAPS configuration parameters of the navigation master control station, information transmission capability, and the selection of the antenna aperture of the communication center station, as well as the impact of satellite parameters on the whole communication system from the perspective of the transmission link budget. The conclusion of availability of the CAPS navigation system is achieved. The results show that the CAPS inbound communication system forms a new low-data-rate satellite communication system, which can accommodate mass communication terminals with the transmission rate of no more than 1 kbps for every terminal. The communication center station should be configured with a large-aperture antenna (about 10–15 m); spread spectrum communication technology should be used with the spreading gain as high as about 40 dB; reduction of the satellite transponder gain attenuation is beneficial to improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the system, with the attenuation value of 0 or 2 dB as the best choice. The fact that the CAPS navigation system has been checked and accepted by the experts and the operation is stable till now clarifies the rationality of the analysis results. The fact that a variety of experiments and applications of the satellite communication system designed according to the findings in this paper have been successfully carried out confirms the correctness of the study results. Supported by the National Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB815504) and the Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007AA12z343)     

机械抖动激光陀螺的高分辨率信号处理

 机械抖动激光陀螺（MDRLG）信号是两路相位差为π/2的正弦拍频信号,一般采用4倍频鉴相输出计数脉冲,利用FIR滤波和抖动剥除等方法解调抖动信号,从而得到外界输入的角速度信息。高速采集MDRLG信号,并细分为相位依次相差π/16的16路信号,实现MDRLG的8倍频、16倍频和32倍频鉴相输出。输出角速率的均方差随着倍频数的提高而减小,信号处理的分辨率得到提高。实验测试和Allan方差分析表明：32倍频时的量化误差Q从4倍频鉴相时的0.327″减小到0.170″,增加MDRLG信号鉴相的倍频数可以减小量化误差。在对MDRLG信号进行抖动剥除解调时,由于量化误差是主要误差源之一,高分辨率信号处理能够有效提高MDRLG角速度测量的精度。     

基于状态估计的混沌直扩信号联合均衡与解调

针对混沌直接序列扩频信号(以下称混沌直扩信号)通过非理想信道,利用信道和混沌直扩信号的状态方程及其均衡和解调的关联性,提出一种基于状态估计的联合均衡与解调算法.算法采用多扩展卡尔曼滤波(extended kalman filter,EKF)结构,一边对信道均衡,一边估计二进制信息码,二者互为因果,同时进行,不仅可以有效克服非理想信道所带来的多径信道畸变、加性噪声等对信号的影响,还可将掩藏在混沌直扩信号中的原始二进制信息码解调出来,比均衡和解调分离的做法更有效地利用信息,有更好的实时性.仿真结果表明,所提出的算法收敛速度快,能在信道特性未知情况下较好地抵御多径效应和噪声影响,实现了混沌直扩信号在非理想信道条件下的有效可靠传输. 关键词： 混沌直扩通信 非理想信道 联合均衡与解调算法 扩展卡尔曼滤波