嵌入式应用系统中高速PCB设计技术的研究及实现

为了能够消除高速PCB技术中信号完整性的问题,需要在高速PCB设计过程中解决时序、噪声、电磁干扰等关键问题。通过对嵌入式RTU的高速PCB设计过程中出现的串扰、电磁干扰、振铃和电源完整性等信号问题的研究,提出削弱或消除以上噪声的方法。用Altium Designer、PADS软件绘制电路原理图和PCB,借助Hyper Lynx和ADS仿真软件进行前端和后端可靠性可靠性验证,根据仿真结果确定元器件和接插件的布局以及走线规则,最后通过对完成布线的PCB进行信号完整性验证。设计的嵌入式RTU电路板通过电磁兼容测试,表明该方法能够有效抑制噪声,增强高速数字电路设计的稳定性,提高产品设计的成功率,对从事相关工作的人员有很重要的参考价值,在智能设备的升级替换和推进物联网的建设方面有重要的借鉴作用。     

直流无刷伺服电机调速系统设计

针对传感器对直流无刷伺服电机直接进行模拟控制时,存在调速精度不高、电压不匹配及转速波动大等问题,设计了一种PWM变频调速系统。该系统通过ADS8365将来自传感器的模拟信号转换为数字信号,应用TMS320F2812对采集到的数字信号进行相应处理,并通过计算输出相应频率的PWM信号,PWM信号经过光电耦合器进行电平转换后作为电机的控制信号,控制电机的转速。以MEMS陀螺仪为传感器的调速试验证明,能够准确控制电机的转速,并能有效减小转速波动。     

高速列车噪声与速度关系变化分析

随着高速列车运行速度的提升,高速列车内部噪声过高的问题日益突出,识别高速列车在高速运行时主要噪声来源对减振降噪非常重要。本文针对我国高速列车CRH380B型车,在多工况的实车运行状态下进行噪声振动测试研究,并利用速度指数拟合进行计算。得到了我国CRH380B型高速列车不同的噪声随速度指数变化的规律和车内车外的过渡速度区。该结果能够对高速列车噪声来源识别提供参考,为高速列车的车厢内部低噪声设计提供依据。     

“类星体红移”新释

本文结合类星体的“红移”,给出相应的定律与公式,还其光速的本来面貌;在不同的空间不同的介质中,光速是变化的,而且也不存在极限。     

An investigation into natural vibrations of fluid–structure interaction systems subject to Sommerfeld radiation condition

A fluid-structure interaction system subject to Sommerfeld＇s condition is defined as a Sommerfeld system which is divided into three categories： Fluid Sommerfeld （FS） System, Solid Sommerfeld （SS） System and Fluid Solid Sommerfeld （FSS） System of which Sommerfeld conditions are imposed on a fluid boundary only, a solid boundary only and both fluid and solid boundaries, respectively. This paper follows the previous initial results claimed by simple examples to further mathematically investigate the natural vibrations of generalized Sommerfeld systems. A new parameter representing the speed of radiation wave for generalized 3-D problems with more complicated boundary conditions is introduced into the Sommerfeld condition which allows investigation of the natural vibrations of a Sommerfeld system involving both free surface and compressible waves. The mathematical demonstrations and selected examples confirm and reveal the natural behaviour of generalized Sommerfeld systems defined above. These generalized conclusions can be used in theoretical or engineering analysis of the vibrations of various Sommerfeld systems in engineering.     

Almost all triple systems with independent neighborhoods are semi-bipartite

The neighborhood of a pair of vertices u, v in a triple system is the set of vertices w such that uvw is an edge. A triple system H is semi-bipartite if its vertex set contains a vertex subset X such that every edge of H intersects X in exactly two points. It is easy to see that if H is semi-bipartite, then the neighborhood of every pair of vertices in H is an independent set. We show a partial converse of this statement by proving that almost all triple systems with vertex sets [n] and independent neighborhoods are semi-bipartite. Our result can be viewed as an extension of the Erd?s-Kleitman-Rothschild theorem to triple systems.The proof uses the Frankl-Rödl hypergraph regularity lemma, and stability theorems. Similar results have recently been proved for hypergraphs with various other local constraints.     

Measurement of speed of sound in poly(lactic acid)-clay composite

We measured longitudinal speed of sound for matrix[poly(lactic acid)]-additive(clay particles) composite rectangular-solid specimen prepared by injection molding. It was found that the speed of sound measured in the direction along the longer side of the specimen was the highest at the middle of the specimen. This trend corresponded with that for crystallinity determined through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A cross section view of the specimen parallel to its longer side showed that there was a transverse flow trace of resin in the vicinity of the injection gate while the flow trace along the direction of the longer side spread wider as getting far from the gate toward the middle of the specimen. The high crystallinity appeared in the middle of the specimen was inferred to come from the promotion of crystallization by molecular orientation induced with the above flow trace parallel to the direction along the longer side of the specimen.     

Dimensions and units in electrodynamics

We sketch the foundations of classical electrodynamics, in particular the transition that took place when Einstein, in 1915, succeeded to formulate general relativity. In 1916 Einstein demonstrated that, with a choice of suitable variables for the electromagnetic field, it is possible to put Maxwells equation into a form that is covariant under general coordinate transformations. This unfolded, by basic contributions of Kottler, Cartan, van Dantzig, Schouten & Dorgelo, Toupin & Truesdell, and Post, to what one may call premetric classical electrodynamics. This framework will be described shortly. An analysis is given of the physical dimensions involved in electrodynamics and subsequently the question of units addressed. It will be pointed out that these results are untouched by the generalization of classical to quantum electrodynamics (QED). We compare critically our results with those of L.B. Okun which he had presented at a recent conference.