Cephasinenoside A,a new cephalotane diterpenoid glucoside from Cephalotaxus sinensis

A new cephalotane diterpenoid glucoside, cephasinenoside A (1), was isolated from the twigs and leaves of Cephalotaxus sinensis (Rehd. et Wils.) Li. The structure of 1 was established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and ECD calculations. Compound 1 represents the first cephalotane diterpenoid glycoside which inhibits the proliferation of human acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells with a GI₅₀ value of 7.17 ± 1.03 μM.     

国产与进口黑色签字笔墨迹的拉曼光谱比较分析

近几年,文件检验类案件数量呈增长趋势,而在篡改文件和书写时间的检验过程中,经常涉及对黑色签字笔油墨的鉴定。为了为广大文件检验工作者在日常工作中遇到涉及黑色签字笔油墨的案件鉴定提供思路,也为普通老百姓在日常生活中使用黑色签字笔时提出注意事项。本研究采用拉曼光谱技术对常见的62支国产黑色签字笔和42支进口黑色签字笔进行比较分析。结果表明:采用785nm的激发光和532nm的激发光对104支黑色签字笔进行拉曼光谱检验,可以得到不同品牌型号黑色签字笔油墨的拉曼光谱图;根据特征拉曼峰的不同,62支国产黑色签字笔被分为3类,42支进口黑色签字笔被分为10类,每种黑色签字笔的特征谱峰出现位置的重复性好。大多数国产黑色签字笔油墨都含碳,很难得到良好的区分,而大多数进口黑色签字笔油墨为染料,较容易进行区分。     

中国燃油大气铅排放量估算

依据不同时期车用汽油铅含量国家标准及汽油消费量数据,估算了我国1980—2006年的全国燃油大气铅排放量及2001—2005年分地区燃油大气铅排放量。结果表明,27年间我国因汽油燃烧共计向大气排放了约20万t铅。汽油无铅化后,燃油大气铅年排放量比从前降低了98%。     

On‐site analysis of Chinese Cloisonné enamels from fifteenth to nineteenth centuries

A selection of 22 rare Chinese cloisonné enamels, from fifteenth century to nineteenth century A.D ., has been studied on‐site in the storage rooms of the musée des Arts décoratifs in Paris. The Raman signatures of the transparent and/or opacified glass matrix are discussed and compared with those that were previously recorded on glazed pottery, enameled and stained glasses. Enamels mostly belong to lead‐based potash‐lime glasses. Three different compositions, lead‐potash‐lime (fifteenth, sixteenth, eighteenth and nineteenth century), soda‐rich (sixteenth–seventeenth century) and soda‐lime (seventeenth century) are identified according to the wavenumber maxima of the Si O stretching and bending multiplets. Most of the pigment signatures are similar to those recorded on ceramic glazes and glass enamels, which proves the link between the technologies but a specific opacifier is observed: fluorite (CaF₂). Naples Yellow pigment variations give characteristic signatures. Additionally, a comparison is made with Limoges enamels (sixteenth–nineteenth century A.D. ). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Nowhere-zero 3-flow of graphs with small independence number

Tutte’s $3$-flow conjecture states that every $4$-edge-connected graph admits a nowhere-zero $3$-flow. In this paper, we characterize all graphs with independence number at most $4$ that admit a nowhere-zero $3$-flow. The characterization of $3$-flow verifies Tutte’s $3$-flow conjecture for graphs with independence number at most $4$ and with order at least $21$. In addition, we prove that every odd-$5$-edge-connected graph with independence number at most $3$ admits a nowhere-zero $3$-flow. To obtain these results, we introduce a new reduction method to handle odd wheels.     

基于广义脉冲的东北三省外贸外资与经济增长研究

作为连接其他国家和地区的桥梁和纽带,对外经贸在国际经济关系中有着十分重要的地位。本研究选取对外经贸与经济增长代表性指标,以各指标平均增长率为切入点,通过构建相对增长指数模型,测算东北三省的外贸相对增长指数(TGI)和外资相对增长指数(CGI)并进行分类,结果显示三省外贸、外资增长类型截然不同。进一步,将历年外贸、外资增速与经济增速进行对比分析发现,外贸增速与经济增速具高度同步性,且始终扮演经济晴雨表的角色,外资增速则更具不确定性和偶然性。最后,广义脉冲响应分析显示外贸外资冲击经济增长均产生显著效应,但响应程度不尽相同,各指标贡献度通过方差分解呈现。本文为外贸外资与经济增长关系研究提供了新的视角。     

节日效应在中国股票市场的表现

本文利用上证综指和深证成指收益率数据和加权最小二乘法,就中国股票市场是否存在节日效应进行了研究,发现中国股票市场不仅有大多数国家所存在的节前效应,还有其所没有发现的节后效应,而且节后高收益伴随着较高的风险.在研究中国股票市场出现的节日效应与中国股票市场其它日历效应(周一效应、周五效应和一月效应)关系时,发现在控制了这些日历效应后,节日效应依然显著为正,说明中国的节日前后的异常收益并不是由这些日历效应引起。     

The 9-barbaralyl cation, 1,4-bishomotropylium ion and some related C9H9 carbocations : Electronic structures, stability and reactivity

The electronic structures of the 9-barbaralyl cation(1), the 1,4-bishomotropylium ion (5) and some related C₉H₉⁺ isomers have been studied byab initio STO-3G calculations. The stability of the cyclopropylcarbinyl cation 1 and the homoaromatic ion 5 as compared with their allylic counterparts is explained in terms of delocalization and MO interactions between molecular fragments. Both the symmetry of, and the distance between, molecular fragments are of importance for the electronic structure, and even symmetry-allowed interactions are negligible in the absence of favourable geometrical distortions. The non-classical ion 3 with D_3h symmetry presents special problems where other factors, such as strain, are important for the total energy. A choice between proposed mechanisms for the degenerate rearrangements of 1 can now be made with confidence.     

TECTONIC MIGRATION OF OIL AND GAS BASINS IN EASTERN CHINA

This paper deals with the tectonic migration of various types of basins and the regu-larity of time-space distribution of oil and gas in the eastern China basins from the availa-ble geological, geophysical and drill data, and then a preliminary discussion is made onthe relationship between tectonic migration and oil and gas formation.     

界面层中模型高分子链构象的统计理论

高分子自由链在溶液、熔体或固体中的构象有完整的理论和实验工作 ,已是成熟的知识[1～ 4] .近年来 ,受限大分子构象的探索已成为新的热点[5] .界面是一种最简单的限制 ,将对其附近的高分子产生显著的影响 .除理论家的重视以外 ,界面附近高分子构象问题还与许多应用领域相关 .例如 ,液体高分子的表面张力 ,固体高分子的粘附 ,滑移 ,磨蚀等力学特性 ,甚至它们的光学和电学性质都与界面上的组成和分子构象相关[6] .ｄｅＧｅｎｎｅｓ[7] 最早强调界面附近的分子链构象问题的重要性 .他首先从理论上猜测长链的链端若与界面有强吸引作用 ,则它们…