全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2074篇 |
免费 | 330篇 |
国内免费 | 101篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 783篇 |
晶体学 | 25篇 |
力学 | 196篇 |
综合类 | 11篇 |
数学 | 420篇 |
物理学 | 1070篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 33篇 |
2022年 | 58篇 |
2021年 | 64篇 |
2020年 | 64篇 |
2019年 | 80篇 |
2018年 | 55篇 |
2017年 | 83篇 |
2016年 | 104篇 |
2015年 | 56篇 |
2014年 | 129篇 |
2013年 | 238篇 |
2012年 | 129篇 |
2011年 | 153篇 |
2010年 | 133篇 |
2009年 | 146篇 |
2008年 | 121篇 |
2007年 | 119篇 |
2006年 | 117篇 |
2005年 | 79篇 |
2004年 | 73篇 |
2003年 | 68篇 |
2002年 | 47篇 |
2001年 | 47篇 |
2000年 | 41篇 |
1999年 | 29篇 |
1998年 | 27篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 31篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 21篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2505条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Gouranga C. Nayak 《Annals of Physics》2010,325(2):514-3898
Factorization theorem plays the central role at high energy colliders to study standard model and beyond standard model physics. The proof of factorization theorem is given by Collins, Soper and Sterman to all orders in perturbation theory by using diagrammatic approach. One might wonder if one can obtain the proof of factorization theorem through symmetry considerations at the lagrangian level. In this paper we provide such a proof. 相似文献
82.
J. Wang C. Morin L. Li A.P. Hitchcock A. Scholl A. Doran 《Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena》2009,170(1-3):25
The rates of chemical transformation by radiation damage of polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and fibrinogen (Fg) in a X-ray photoemission electron microscope (X-PEEM) and in a scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) have been measured quantitatively using synchrotron radiation. As part of the method of dose evaluation in X-PEEM, the characteristic (1/e) sampling depth of X-PEEM for polystyrene in the C 1s region was measured to be 4 ± 1 nm. Critical doses for chemical change as monitored by changes in the X-ray absorption spectra are 80 (12), 280 (40) and 1230 (180) MGy (1 MGy = 6.242*ρ eV/nm3, where ρ is the polymer density in g/cm3) at 300 eV photon energy for PMMA, Fg and PS, respectively. The critical dose for each material is comparable in X-PEEM and STXM and the values cited are thus the mean of the values determined by X-PEEM and STXM. C 1s, N 1s and O 1s spectroscopy of the damaged materials is used to gain insight into the chemical changes that soft X-rays induce in these materials. 相似文献
83.
This paper proposes the interesting nonlinear behavior of light known as bifurcation, where the use of such behavior in a micro ring resonator to form the secure digital codes for optical packet switching application is demonstrated. A new concept of the stop-start bits in an optical packet switching protocol is formed by using the bifurcation codes. Bifurcation is introduced when light is input into a nonlinear micro ring device, where the refractive index of an InGaAsP/InP is one of device parameters. The other parameters of the device are coupling coefficient (K) and the ring radius (R), where the ring radii used are ranged from 5 to 10 μm. Simulation results obtained have shown that the packet switching data can be secured by using the generated start-stop bits as the secured codes. 相似文献
84.
Masayuki Tomiya Takeshi Fukushima Tadahiro Ogaya Yukiko Sone Shogo Mitsuhashi Toshimasa Toyo'oka 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2010,24(6):569-573
The levels of kynurenic acid, an endogenous antagonist of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine and N‐methyl‐D ‐aspartate receptors, were measured in microdialysis samples obtained from the prefrontal cortices of rats using column‐switching high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. When the perfusate was constantly infused at a rate of 1.0 μ/min, the in vitro recovery of kynurenic acid through the dialysis membrane was approximately 20.4%, and the precision was within 1.31%. Endogenous kynurenic acid in the microdialysis sample was clearly detected using column‐switching high‐performance liquid chromatography. As an application study, N‐acetyl‐L ‐aspartic acid, an endogenous metabolite and precursor of N‐acetyl‐L ‐aspartyl‐L ‐glutamic acid, which is an agonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors, was infused for 120 min through the microdialysis probe. The kynurenic acid level significantly increased during the infusion of N‐acetyl‐L ‐aspartic acid, suggesting that kynurenic acid might have some association with N‐acetyl‐L ‐aspartic acid in vivo. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
85.
A.P. Srivastava D. Srivastava K. Sudarshan S.K. Sharma P.K. Pujari B. Majumdar K.G. Suresh G.K. Dey 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2012
Amorphous ribbons of different thicknesses of Co64.5Fe3.5Si16B14Ni2 alloy were synthesized using the melt spinning technique by varying wheel speed. The effect of cooling rate on the ribbon thickness and their soft magnetic properties have been studied. The amorphous structure has been characterized in terms of structural free volume and medium range order (MRO) by positron annihilation spectroscopy and fluctuation electron microscopy techniques. Positron lifetime spectra of amorphous samples showed two lifetime components. The first component was found to be correlated with MRO whereas, the second lifetime component was found to be associated with nanovoid type of defects, and the second component was strongly dependent on processing conditions. It could be established that the coercivity of the amorphous samples produced by the rapid solidification technique mainly depends on the defects formed during processing rather than change induced in MRO. 相似文献
86.
A new integrated scheme based on resource-reservation and adaptive network flow routing to alleviate contention in optical burst switching networks is proposed. The objective of the proposed scheme is to reduce the overall burst loss in the network and at the same time to avoid the packet out-of-sequence arrival problem. Simulations are carried out to assess the feasibility of the proposed scheme. Its performance is compared with that of contention resolution schemes based on conventional routing. Through extensive simulations, it is shown that the proposed scheme not only provides significantly better burst loss performance than the basic equal proportion and hop-length based traffic routing algorithms, but also is void of any packet re-orderings. 相似文献
87.
This paper is devoted to the study of consensus problems for the
second-order multi-agent systems with external disturbances,
switching topology and communication time-delay. Firstly, we perform
a model transformation and separate the agreement states from the
disagreement states. Secondly, according to this system, we derive a
sufficient condition for consensus problem without disturbances by
using the Lyapunov-based approach. Furthermore, we give a design
criterion in terms of bilinear matrix inequality for the control
protocol in the presence of disturbances. Finally, numerical
simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of our
strategies. 相似文献
88.
软X射线监测系统的建立与国际标准的比对 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
软X射线监测系统的建立,结构特点和性能,有效地解决了气体的吸收和窗膜的透过率等因素的影响。申请获得了美国布鲁克海文国家实验室(BNL)的用光时间,对监测系统的性能进行研究,并给出了该系统的精度及与国际标准的比对结果。 相似文献
89.
A hybrid valuation methodology is proposed and tested for improving the efficiency of contingent claims pricing by combining Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and conventional parametric option pricing techniques. With one application on financial derivatives and one on real options the methods superiority is demonstrated. The resulting efficiency is instrumental for real time applications.MSC code:
90-08
Acknowledgements: Both authors are thankful for partial financial support to the HERMES European Center of Excellence on Computational Finance and Economics of the University of Cyprus and a University of Cyprus grant for research in ANNs and Derivatives, and to the anonymous referees for their helpful comments and discussions. 相似文献
90.
Lattice gas simulations of two-dimensional liquid foams 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Liquid foam is a dense random packing of gas bubbles in a small amount of immiscible liquid containing surfactants. The liquid within the Plateau borders, although small in volume, causes considerable difficulties to investigations of the physical properties of foams, and the situation becomes even more complicated if the flow of the liquid through the foam is considered too. Here we propose a fresh approach to tackling these issues by introducing a discrete two-dimensional hybrid lattice gas model of liquid foams. While lattice gas models have been used to model two-phase liquids in the past, their application to the study of liquid foams is novel and proves promising. We represent bubble surfaces by a finite number of nodes, and model the surrounding liquid as a lattice gas (with a finite number of liquid particles). The gas in the bubbles is treated as an ideal gas at constant temperature. The model is tested by choosing an arbitrarily shaped bubble that evolves into a circular shape in agreement with Laplaces law. The model is then employed to simulate periodic ordered and disordered dry and wet foams. Since our model is specifically designed to handle wet foams up to a critical liquid fraction of 0.16 (void fraction of random packing of disks), we are able to compute the variation in coordination number (average number of neighbours of a bubble) over the whole range of liquid fractions, and we find it to be a linear function of the shear modulus.This paper was presented at the first Annual European Rheology Conference (AERC) held in Guimarães, Portugal, 11–13 September 2003. 相似文献