Enhancement of Antibacterial Capability of Cotton Textiles Coated with TiO2–SiO2/Chitosan Using Hydrophobization

Since textiles have a porous and hydrophilic structure, they are ideal substrates for the settlement and growth of pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, fabrication of hydrophobic textiles to reduce their humidity has the potential to inhibit the growth of bacteria. On this basis, we report here an improvement of the antibacterial capability of textiles coated with TiO₂–SiO₂/chitosan using hydrophobization. Synthesis of TiO₂–SiO₂ clusters with chitosan was carried out using the sol–gel technique. In addition, hydrophobization of the textiles using hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) was carried out using a dip‐spin coating method. In addition, their characteristics were examined using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV‐DRS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), water contact angle, and antibacterial activity. XRD, SEM, UV‐DRS, FTIR, and water contact angle confirmed the physical and chemical properties of the modified textiles. In summary, the present work shows that the hydrophobization of textiles using HDTMS can enhance the antibacterial capability of cotton textiles.     

Addition reaction and characterization of chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)iridium(I) on silicon(1 1 1) surfaces

Studies were performed to determine the chemical addition of a metal complex molecule, chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)iridium(I), on hydrogen passivated Si(1 1 1) surfaces to form a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). The iridium complex was synthesized prior to chemical addition, for which modified reaction conditions were chosen. Following addition, the silicon surfaces were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The XPS results revealed that the surfaces consisted of the expected elemental percentages and that the iridium has a slightly higher success rate at attaching to oxide-free surfaces. XPS data also strongly indicate that the iridium complex remained intact upon chemisorption and did not decompose during the addition reaction. CV data show a difference between iridium treated surfaces and control samples. Hydrogen passivated wafers with iridium complex were much more conductive than those which were terminated with just an oxide or with an oxide and iridium complex. Furthermore, no free iridium reagent was detected as an additional feature in the current profile, indicating there was no physisorbed layer.     

Physics and chemistry of silicene nano-ribbons

We review our recent discovery of silicene in the form of silicon nano-ribbons epitaxially grown on silver (1 1 0) or (1 0 0) surfaces, which paves the way for the growth of graphene-like sheets. We further draw some perspectives for this unique novel material upon mild hydrogenation.     

MR microscopy of micron scale structures

Magnetic resonance (MR) microscopy of up to 1–5-μm resolutions have been reported previously. The tested phantom structures, however, had widths one order of magnitude bigger than the reported resolutions, e.g., spherical beads or capillary tubes of tens-of-micron diameters or wall thicknesses have been imaged. In this study, we fabricated structures having a few micron widths on a silicon wafer and imaged them using our 1-μm-resolution MR microscopy at 14.1 T. Micron scale width structures were, for the first time, resolved by MR microscopy.     

ESR EVIDENCE OF AN ELECTRON TRANSFER BETWEEN ARYLPHOSPHINES AND ARYLNITROSO COMPOUNDS

Abstract

Electron transfer between arylphosphines and arylnitroso compounds gives rise to the formation of free radicals which have been characterized by esr     

1,3-Migration of Trimethylsilyl Group from Carbon to Oxygen in Highly Sterically Hindered Silanol of the Type (Me 3 Si) 3 CSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )MeOH and Reaction of the Related Iodide with Iodine Monochloride and Iodine Monobromide

The silanol (Me 3 Si) 3 CSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )MeOH has been shown to isomerize to (Me 3 Si) 2 CHSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )(Me)(OSiMe 3 ) when it was kept at room temperature for 10 h in 0.2 M NaOMe/MeOH. Corresponding isomerizations of the above silanol (to give (Me 3 Si) 2 CHSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p ) (Me)(OSiMe 3 )) are complete after 26 h under reflux in pyridine. The reaction involve 1,3-migration from carbon to oxygen within a silanolate ion to give a carbanion, which rapidly acquires a proton from the solvent. Treatment of (Me 3 Si) 3 CSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )MeOH with MeLi in Et 2 O/THF give, by the same rearrangement, the organolithium reagent (Me 3 Si) 2 CLiSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )(Me)(OSiMe 3 ) which on treatment with Me 2 SiHCl gives (Me 3 Si) 2 C(SiMe 2 H)Si(C 6 H 4 Me- p )(Me)(OSiMe 3 ) and (Me 3 Si) 2 CHSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )(Me)(OSiMe 3 ). When the experiment was repeated, but with Me 3 SiCl in place of Me 2 SiHCl, it gives exclusively (Me 3 Si) 2 CHSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )(Me)(OSiMe 3 ). Treatment of the organolithium reagent (Me 3 Si) 2 CLiSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )(Me)(OSiMe 3 ) with Mel gives exclusively (Me 3 Si) 2 CMeSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )(Me)(OSiMe 3 ). The related iodide (Me 3 Si) 3 CSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )Mel reacts with ICI and IBr to give rearranged (Me 3 Si) 2 C(SiMe 2 X)Si(C 6 H 4 Me- p )Me 2 and unrearranged products (Me 3 Si) 3 CSi(C 6 H 4 Me- p )MeX, (X = Cl, Br) respectively. The rearranged bromide (Me 3 Si) 2 C(SiMe 2 Br)Si(C 6 H 4 Me- p )Me 2 reacts with a range of silver [I] salts AgY (Y = OOCCH 3 , SO 4 2 m ) and Mercury [II] salt HgY 2 (Y = OOCCH 3 , SO 4 2 m ) in glacial CH 3 COOH to give the corresponding species (Me 3 Si) 2 C(SiMe 2 OOCCH 3 )Si(C 6 H 4 Me- p )Me 2 . The reaction of the bromide with AgBF 4 in MeOH or i -PrOH give the corresponding rearranged products (Me 3 Si) 2 C(SiMe 2 Y)Si(C 6 H 4 Me- p )Me 2 (Y = --OMe, --OPr i ).     

A silicon-position dependent 6-endo-trig cyclization during Tsuji–Trost alkylation

Two silylated cyclohexenes products have been prepared by using a Tsuji–Trost palladium-catalyzed cyclization. It involves the generation of a cationic π-allylic palladium complex bearing a triethylsilyl group on C-3, which cyclizes via a 6-endo-trig process to afford the cyclohexene derivatives. It is also demonstrated that the position of the silyl group on the starting allylic substrate strongly influenced the reaction. It could favor either the production of the expected cyclohexenyl ring or a diene by an elimination that occurs on the silyl-substituted C-2 π-allylic palladium complex.     

SAPO-11分子筛晶化过程研究

采用X射线衍射、X射线荧光光谱、扫描电镜和固体核磁等方法研究了SAPO-11分子筛的水热晶化过程.结果表明,晶化初期,SAPO-11和一种具有磷硅铝组成的未知晶相同时生成;随着晶化的进行,中间相溶解,SAPO-11的生成速率大大增加,呈现快速晶化的特征;至2.33h后,SAPO-11的结晶度接近100%,并保持至晶化结束.硅从晶化初期即参与了SAPO-11的形成,它在晶体中的含量随晶化时间的延长而逐渐增加.硅原子主要以硅岛的形式分布于SAPO-11分子筛骨架中,从而导致多种硅配位环境的存在.分析显示,SAPO-11分子筛呈现外表面富硅的特点,结合晶化过程的分析可推测,硅在SAPO-11分子筛晶体中的分布不均匀,其含量从内向外递增.     

Dibutylsilylene Derivatives of Tartaric Acid

Crystals of the bis(tert‐butyl)silylene (DTBS) derivatives of the tartaric acids were synthesized from D ‐, L ‐, rac‐, and meso‐tartaric acid and DTBS bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate): two polymorphs of Si₂tBu₄(L ‐Tart1,2;3,4H_–4) (L ‐ 1a and L ‐ 1b ), the mirror image of the denser modification (D ‐ 1b ) as well as the racemate ( 2 ), and the meso analogue Si₂tBu₄(meso‐Tart1,3;2,4H_–4) ( 3 ). The structures were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The threo‐configured D ‐ and L ‐ (and rac‐) tartrates were coordinated by two tBu₂Si units forming five‐membered chelate rings, whereas the erythro‐configured meso‐tartrate formed six‐membered chelate rings. The new compounds were analyzed by NMR techniques, including ²⁹Si NMR spectroscopy, and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography.     

New polypyrrole–carbon nanotubes–silicon dioxide solid‐phase microextraction fiber for the preconcentration and determination of benzene,toluene, ethylbenzene,and o‐xylene using gas liquid chromatography

For the first time, a polypyrrole–carbon nanotubes–silicon dioxide composite film coated on a steel wire was prepared by an electrochemical method. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that this composite film was even and porous. The prepared fiber was used as an absorbent for the headspace solid‐phase microextraction of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o‐xylene, followed by gas chromatographic analysis. This method presented an excellent performance, which was much better than that of a polypyrrole–carbon nanotube fiber. It was found that under the optimized conditions, the linear ranges were 0.01–200 ng/mL with correlation coefficients >0.9953, the detection limits were 0.005–0.020 ng/mL, the relative standard deviations were 3.9–6.4% for five successive measurements with a single fiber, and the reproducibility was 5.5–8.5% (n = 3). Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to real water samples, and the relative recoveries obtained for the spiked water samples were from 91.0 to 106.7%.