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11.
《Electroanalysis》2003,15(20):1577-1583
Laccase enzymes from two different sources, namely, tree laccase from Rhus vernicifera and fungal laccase from Coriolus hirsutus were used for the development of biosensor for catechol. Laccase was immobilized onto the amine terminated thiol monolayers on gold surface by glutaraldehyde coupling. From the different thiol monolayers investigated, cystamine was found to be optimal with respect to sensitivity, stability, reproducibility, and other electrochemical properties of the enzyme electrode. Linear calibration in the range between 1 and 400 μM for catechol was obtained for fungal laccase covalently coupled on the electrode surface. The kinetic parameters determined using the Lineweaver‐Burk and Eadie‐Hofstee plots were Km=0.65 mM and Vmax=24.5 μA for fungal laccase compared to Km=5.4 mM and Vmax=6.6 μA for tree laccase on cystamine monolayer. The electrode showed good stability for 1 month without loosing appreciable activity when stored dry in a refrigerator at ?20 °C. 相似文献
12.
Self‐healing hydrogel such as polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogel has attracted increasing attention based on its promising potential applications. However, it usually suffers from low strength especially as mechanical device. Herein, a commercial microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was modified with acrylamide to graft polyacrylamide (PAM) chains on the particle surface. The acrylamide‐modified MCC (AM‐MCC) was then dispersed in monomer solution of acrylic acid to prepare composite hydrogel. The mechanical properties of the obtained composite hydrogels and the self‐healed hydrogels were carefully measured by compressive and tensile tests, and by dynamic mechanical analysis. Our results demonstrate that introduction of a small amount of AM‐MCC such as 3 wt% can not only reinforce the original hydrogel and the healed hydrogel markedly, but also improve self‐healing efficiency obviously. The analyses indicate that in addition to the reversible multi‐interactions such as hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions, the entanglements between the PAA chains of the hydrogel matrix and the PAM chains grafted on the MCC particles have also played an important role on the improvement in mechanical performances and the healing ability of the hydrogel. Moreover, the responsiveness to exterior ion has been tested to indicate potential application of the composite hydrogel as self‐healable sensor. 相似文献
13.
《Electroanalysis》2005,17(8):668-673
A self‐sampling‐and‐flow biosensor was fabricated by sandwiching a nitrocellulose strip on the working electrode side of the double‐sided microporous gold electrodes and a wicking pad on the counter electrode side. The double‐sided microporous electrodes were formed by plasma sputtering of gold on a porous nylon substrate. Sample was taken up to the enzyme‐immobilized working electrode by the capillary action of the front nitrocellulose strip dipped into the sample solution, analyzed electrochemically at the enzyme‐immobilized electrode, and diffuses out to the backside wicking pad through the micropores of the electrodes, constituting a complete flow cell device with no mechanical liquid‐transporting device. Biosensor was formed by co‐immobilizing the glucose oxidase and electron transfer mediator (ferrocene acetic acid) on the thioctic acid self‐assembled monolayer‐modified working electrode. A typical response time of the biosensor was about 5 min with the sensitivity of 2.98 nA/mM glucose, providing linear response up to 22.5 mM. To demonstrate the use of self‐sampling‐and‐flow biosensor, the consumption rate of glucose in the presence of yeast was monitored for five days. 相似文献
14.
《Electroanalysis》2006,18(12):1173-1178
Nano‐scale zeolite Y crystals were synthesized, and palladium nanoparticles were prepared in the supercage of the zeolite by “ship‐in‐a‐bottle” approach. A novel method to fabricate zeolite‐modified electrode (ZME) loading Pd nanoparticles was developed, in which the zeolite Y loading Pd2+ ions was self‐assembled on (3‐mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane‐attached Au surface to form the stable and density packed multilayers (SAM‐ZME). The structures of zeolite Y and the SAM‐ZME were investigated by using TEM, XRD and SEM techniques. Pd2+ ions in the SAM‐ZME were converted into Pd nanoparticles (Pdn0) by two steps consisting of the electrochemical reduction as well as the succeeding admission and release of CO. The redox couple [Fe(CN)6]3?/4? was used to probe the electron‐transfer barrier properties during self‐assembling process. Moreover, the special properties of the SAM‐ZME loading Pdn0 were studied by using cyclic voltammetry and CO‐probe in situ FTIR spectroscopy. The results illustrated that Pdn0 in the SAM‐ZME exhibits higher electrocatalytic activity for oxidation of adsorbed CO than that of ZME prepared in our previous study by zeolite coating method. The present study is of importance in design and preparation of SAM‐ZME, which poccesseses excellent properties for the immobilization of electrocatalysts or biomolecules. 相似文献
15.
《Electroanalysis》2004,16(9):757-764
Colloidal Au particles have been deposited on the gold electrode through layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly using cysteamine as cross‐linkers. Self‐assembly of colloidal Au on the gold electrode resulted in an easier attachment of antibody, larger electrode surface and ideal electrode behavior. The redox reactions of [Fe(CN)6]4?/[Fe(CN)6]3? on the gold surface were blocked due to antibody immobilization, which were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. The interaction of antigen with grafted antibody recognition layers was carried out by soaking the modified electrode into a phosphate buffer at pH 7.0 with various concentrations of antigen at 37 °C for 30 min. Further, an amplification strategy to use biotin conjugated antibody was introduced for improving the sensitivity of impedance measurements. Thus, the sensor based on this immobilization method exhibits a large linear dynamic range, from 5–400 μg/L for detection of Human IgG. The detection limit is about 0.5 μg/L. 相似文献
16.
The self‐assembly of NiCl2·6H2O with a diaminodiamide ligand 4,8‐diazaundecanediamide (L‐2,3,2) gave a [Ni(C9H20N4O2)(Cl)(H2O)] Cl·2H2O ( 1 ). The structure of 1 was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Structural data for 1 indicate that the Ni(II) is coordinated to two tertiary N atoms, two O atoms, one water and one chloride in a distorted octahedral geometry. Crystal data for 1: orthorhombic, space group P 21nb, a = 9.5796(3) Å, b = 12.3463(4) Å, c = 14.6305(5) Å, Z = 4. Through NH···Cl–Ni (H···Cl 2.42 Å, N···Cl 3.24 Å, NH···Cl 158°) and OH···Cl–Ni contacts (H···Cl 2.36 Å, O···Cl 3.08 Å, OH···Cl 143°), each cationic moiety [Ni(C9H20N4O2) (Cl)(H2O)]+ in 1 is linked to neighboring ones, producing a charged hydrogen‐bonded 1D chainlike structure. Thermogrametric analysis of compound 1 is consistent with the crystallographic observations. The electronic absorption spectrum of Ni(L‐2,3,2)2+ in aqueous solution shows four absorption bands, which are assigned to the 3A2g → 3T2g, 3T2g → 1Eg, 3T2g → 3T1g, and 3A2g → 3T1g transitions of triplet‐ground state, distorted octahedral nickel(II) complex. The cyclic volammetric measurement shows that Ni2+ is more easily reduced than Ni(L‐2,3,2)2+ in aqueous solution. 相似文献
17.
18.
《Electroanalysis》2003,15(22):1756-1761
Mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) and glutathione (GSH) self‐assembled monolayers were prepared on gold‐ wire microelectrode. Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the influence of temperature on electrochemical behaviors of Fe(CN)63?/4? and Ru(NH3)63+/2+ at these SAMs modified electrodes in aqueous solution. It is found that temperature shows great influence on electron transfer (ET) and mass transport (MT) for the two SAMs modified electrodes and the influence of temperature depends on the charge properties of the redox couples and terminal groups of SAMs and the structure of the monolayer on gold surface. The temperature can greatly increase MT rate of Fe(CN)63?/4? at both MUA and GSH modified electrodes. However, the increased MT rate doesn't have any effect on the CV's for Fe(CN)63?/4? /MUA system. For Ru(NH3)63+/2+ , temperature can greatly improve the electrochemical reaction in both MUA and GSH modified electrodes, which is ascribed to temperature‐induced diffusion and convection and the electrostatic interaction between Ru(NH3)63+/2+ and negatively charged carboxyl groups on the electrode surface. 相似文献
19.
A. Moghimi Sh. Sheshmani A. Shokrollahi H. Aghabozorg M. Shamsipur G. Kickelbick M. Carla Aragoni V. Lippolis 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2004,630(4):617-624
A novel 1:2 proton transfer self‐associated compound LH2 , (GH+)2(pydc2—), was synthesized from the reaction of dipicolinic acid, pydcH2, (2, 6‐pyridinedicarboxylic acid), and guanidine hydrochloride, (GH+)(Cl—). The characterization was performed using IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. LH2 · H2O crystallizes in the space group C2/c of the monoclinic system and contains eight molecules per unit cell. The unit cell dimensions are: a = 26.480(5)Å, b = 8.055(2)Å, c = 14.068(3)Å. The first coordination complex (GH)2[Cd(pydc)2] · 2H2O, was prepared using LH2 and cadmium(II) iodide, and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. The crystal system is triclinic with space group P1¯ with one molecule per unit cell. The unit cell dimensions are: a = 8.5125(7)Å, b = 11.0731(8)Å, c = 13.2404(10)Å. The cadmium(II) atom is six‐coordinated with a distorted octahedral geometry. The two pydc2— units are almost perpendicular to each other. The protonation constants of the building blocks of the pydc‐guanidine adduct, the equilibrium constants for the reaction of pydc2— with guanidine and the stoichiometry and stability of the Cd2+ complex with LH2 in aqueous solution were accomplished by potentiometric pH titration. The solution studies strongly support a self‐association between pydc2— and GH+ with a stoichiometry for the CdII complex similar to that observed for the isolated crystalline complex. In fact, the [Cd(pydc)2]2— complex was found as the most abundant species in solution (> 90 %) at a pH >5. 相似文献
20.
The reaction of Co(NO3)2·6H2O with two equivalents of PPz (PPz = piperazine hexahydrate) and two equivalents of NH4SCN in CH3OH afforded the complex [Co(NCS)2(PPz)2(CH3OH)2]. The reaction of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O with two equivalents of PPz and four equivalents of NH4SCN in CH3OH afforded the complex [Ni(NCS)4(PPz)2]. Their IR spectra have been recorded and the structures have been determined. Crystal data for 1 : space group P&1bar;, a = 6.7208(6) Å, b = 8.4310(8) Å, c = 8.5923(8) Å, a = 77.881(2)°, β = 76.342(2)°, γ = 83.936(2)°, V = 461.75(1) Å3, Z = 1 with final residuals R1 = 0.0650 and wR2 = 0.1725. Crystal data for 2 : space group P2(1)/n, a = 7.4209(6) Å, b = 11.0231(9) Å, c = 12.317(1) Å, β = 96.642(9)°, V = 1000.9(2) Å3, Z = 2 with final residuals R1 = 0.0378 and wR2 = 0.0809. Important NCS—H‐N and O‐H—N(PPz) hydrogen‐bonding interactions in compound 1 and NCS···H‐N hydrogen‐bonding interactions and NCS—SCN interactions in compound 2 play a significant role in aligning the polymer strands in crystalline solids. 相似文献