石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中离子交换态的镉

本文研究了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中离子交换态的镉的适宜条件.试样经MgCl2溶液震荡提取离心后,以10%的磷酸二氢铵做基体改进剂,方法检出限为0.03840 μg/L,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.9231%.本方法具有准确、简便之优点,可用于土壤样品中镉的测定.     

The effect of Co ion implantation on Ge1−xMnx films

Ge_1−xMn_x (x = 0, 0.013, 0.0226, 0.0339, 0.0565, 0.0678, 0.0904, 0.113) films prepared by magnetron sputtering at 773 K had a Ge cubic structure except for x = 0.1130. Co ion implantation into these films can effectively prevent the formation of a second phase. Both single-doped and co-doped samples were ferromagnetic at room temperature. The d-d exchange interaction between the interstitial Mn (MnT) and the substituted Mn (Mn_Ge) resulted in ferromagnetism in the sputtered films. Since Co ion implantation destroyed the Mn_T-Mn_Ge-Mn_T complex, the saturated magnetization decreased. Hall measurements revealed that the Co ion implanted films were n-type semiconductors, and the anomalous Hall Effect (AHE) suggested the ferromagnetism was carrier-mediated in the implanted films.     

Annealing effect on planar waveguides in LiNbO3 produced by oxygen ion implantation

We reported on planar waveguides in stoichiometric lithium niobate fabricated by 4.5 MeV oxygen ion implantation with a dose of 6 × 10¹⁴ ions/cm² at room temperature. After ion implantation, these samples were annealed at 240 °C, 260 °C, and 300 °C for 30 min. We investigated annealing effect on the guiding modes and near-field images in the waveguides by prism-coupling method and end-face coupling method respectively. We found that for the extraordinary refractive index a positive alternation occurred in the near-surface region while a negative alternation happened at the end of ion track. Moreover, we measured the transmission spectra for the pure sample and implanted samples before and after annealed at different temperatures, and we observed an absorption peak at ∼480 nm (2.6 eV) in all of these SLN samples.     

Instabilities of an electron cloud in a Penning trap

We have measured the storage instabilities of electrons in a Penning trap at low magnetic fields. These measurements are carried out as a function of the trapping voltage, for different magnetic fields. It is seen that these instabilities occur at the same positions when the trapping voltage is expressed as a percentage of the maximum voltage, given by the stability limit. The characteristic frequencies at which these instabilities occur, obey a relation that is given by n _zω _z + n ₊ω ₊ + n _-ω _- = 0, where ω _z, ω ₊ and ω _- are the axial, perturbed cyclotron and the magnetron frequencies of the trapped electrons respectively, and the n's are integers. The reason for these instabilities are attributed to higher order static perturbations in the trapping potential. Received 5 August 2002 / Received in final form 14 October 2002 Published online 17 December 2002 RID="a" ID="a"Present address: Dept. of Physics, Rampurhat College, Rampurhat, Birbhum, West Bengal, India. RID="b" ID="b"e-mail: werth@mail.uni-mainz.de     

偏滤器靶板磁预鞘层边界的离子流

利用流体力学模型研究了偏滤器等离子体条件下磁预鞘层边界离子流和预鞘层宽度之间的关系，并分析了粒子碰撞对预鞘层边界离子流的影响。由于粒子碰撞对离子的驱动效益，预鞘层边界离子流速度随着预鞘层宽度的增加而减少；只有当预鞘层宽度趋于零时，边界离子流沿磁力线的速度才趋近于离子声速。在固定预鞘层宽度的条件下，计算了预鞘层边界离子流速度与碰撞频率之间的函数关系。     

离子通道电子束回旋脉塞的等离子体波效应

 研究了离子通道回旋电子束脉塞（ICECM）中的等离子体波非线性效应。利用流体理论与自洽非线性理论方法对ICECM中等离子体波效应的微观机理进行了分析。研究发现，等离子体波加强了电子束的纵向群聚，束-波互作用的能量交换效率及系统增益得到明显提高。数值模拟计算表明，对于中等等离子体密度、1.5kA电流和1MV加速电压的电子束，系统能够获得的脉冲功率和频率分别为200MW和280GHz的毫米波束。     

压缩空气蓄能电站综合效益评价研究

压缩空气蓄能(CAES)电站是一种新型电能存储系统,具有动态响应快、经济性能高、环境污染小等优点,可起到负荷平衡、战略规划、提高供电质量的作用.其经济效益的来源可分为两部分,静态效益和动态效益.本文将通过容量效益、能量转换效益、环保效益和动态效益等进行综合性量化评价研究.     

铜离子印迹环氧树脂基整体柱的制备及性能

以铜离子为印迹物,二乙基三胺为固化剂,聚乙二醇(PEG-2000)为致孔剂,按一定比例与环氧树脂混合后在无扰动模式下聚合。反应结束后除去致孔剂和印迹离子成功地得到了一种铜离子印迹的大尺寸环氧树脂基聚合物整体柱。以此作为固相萃取柱,结合原子吸收光谱建立了用于水溶液中铜离子高选择性的富集分离测定方法。详细研究了介质酸度、吸附容量、吸附选择性、分析精密度和准确度等内容,结果满意。     

The effect of controlled ion bombardment on the electronic structure of the Si(0 0 1) surface

We have studied the effects of controlled ion bombardment on the electronic structure of the Si(0 0 1) surface. The surface was exposed to various doses of Ar⁺ ions accelerated towards the surface at 500 eV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of the irradiated H-terminated Si(0 0 1) surface reveal the appearance of peaks that are associated with the presence of cleaved Si bonds. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) spectra of the irradiated Si(0 0 1)2 × 1 surface show that the dimer dangling-bond surface state decays monotonically with increasing dose. These results, coupled with previous scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies, indicate that the breaking of dimers, and possibly the creation of adatom-like defects, during ion irradiation are responsible for the changes in the electronic structure of the valence band for this surface.     

多光子电离下醇类团簇中的反应

应用Nd:YAG(Spectra-Physics LAB-170)脉冲激光器输出的355nm紫外激光实现了对甲醇、乙醇及正丙醇的多光子电离,对每一种样品通过质谱技术都观测到了两个质子化团簇离子系列:(R..3OH)nH 和(R1,2,3OH)n(H2O)H (R1,2,3代表CH2、CH2CH2及CH2CH3CH2),结合在HF/STO-3G和B3LYP/6-31G 水平上的从头计算对其反应通道做了分析,发现其产生经过了团簇内部的质子转移反应及离子-分子反应,且质子主要来自于羟基上的氢离子.并结合从头算分析了(R1,2,3OH)nH 的结构,给出了幻数团簇(R1,2,3OH)3H 的构型.同时对(R1,2,3)n(H2O)H 系列只在n值较大时出现做了相应的解释.