Experimental investigation on the distribution uniformity and pressure drop of perforated plate distributors for the innovative spray-type packed bed thermal storage

As an innovative thermal energy technology, the spray-type packed bed has advantages of high efficiency and low cost. A liquid distributor is the key component for the spray-type packed bed for scattering heat-transfer liquid drops evenly. In this study, the distribution performance and pressure drop of the perforated plate distributors of different orifice diameters were studied experimentally. The experimental results indicate that orifice diameter has a greater effect on the distribution performance compared to flow rate. With an increase in flow rate, the flow pattern through the distributor changes from the uncovered drop to the covered drop and then to the jet flow. The covered drop pattern shows the best performance with a good distribution and a small pressure drop simultaneously, which is the design and optimization principle of the distributor for a spray-type packed bed.     

任意边界条件下双模量矩形薄板的弯曲

将双模量板等效为两个各向同性小矩形板组成的层合板,假定该层合板的中性面即为两个小矩形板的交界面。根据中性面上应力为零且薄板全厚度上应力的代数和为零,推导了双模量矩形薄板的中性面位置。本文采用严宗达提出的带补充项的双重正弦傅里叶级数通解,该通解可以适用于任意边界条件的矩形薄板且不需要叠加或者重新构造。联立边界条件和控制方程,求得通解中的待定系数并代入到通解中,即可得到任意边界条件下双模量矩形薄板的弯曲解析解。与有限元结果比较,本文结果符合工程精度要求。     

波纹板式空冷器阻力与传热特性实验研究

在可改变风量和热水流量的实验条件下,对波纹板式空冷器的阻力与传热特性进行实验研究。得到了空气侧的阻力降关联式以及两侧的对流换热系数关联式,其适用于热水雷诺数在2000-8000之间、空气雷诺数在2000-10000之间。在相同工况下,比较了波纹板式、光管式和翅片管式空冷器的性能指标,结果表明:迎面风速在2.45-4.1 m/s之间,波纹板式空冷器传热系数达到100-160 W/m2/℃;约比光管式提高70%,但只有以管束外表面为基准的翅片管式传热系数的六分之一;板式空冷器单位体积换热量约是翅片管式空冷器的1.5倍,是光管式的15倍;板式空冷器单位功耗换热量约是光管式空冷器的5.5倍,而翅片管式空冷器与光管式空冷器则相差不大。     

石墨基液流电池复合双极板

液流电池是一种安全性高、使用寿命长、可扩展的大规模储能系统,可以协助电网调峰储能,提高能源利用率,发展前景广阔。双极板是液流电池的重要组成部分。功能上起到了分隔、串联电池、传导电流、为电堆提供结构支撑等作用。从成本构成角度看,双极板的价格占电堆成本的比重也较大。开发高性能、低成本的双极板对加快液流电池的商业化应用具有重要意义,也是目前业界的迫切需求。虽然文献上报道了许多针对液流电池双极板开发的工作,但是目前高性能、低成本的液流电池双极板产品仍无法充分满足市场需求。本文着重介绍了石墨基复合双极板的研究现状,介绍了材料选择、工艺流程对关键性能的影响,对相关工作进行了评述,并为液流电池双极板的开发提出了建议。     

The Upper Semicontinuity of Random Attractors for Non-Autonomous Stochastic Plate Equations with Multiplicative Noise and Nonlinear Damping

Based on the existence of pullback attractors for the non-autonomous stochastic plate equations with multiplicative noise and nonlinear damping defined in the entire space $\mathbb{R}^n$ by Xiaobin Yao in \cite{Yao4}, in the paper, we further investigate the upper semicontinuity of pullback attractors for the problem.     

Aeroelastic analysis of cantilever plates using Peters’ aerodynamic model,and the influence of choosing beam or plate theories as the structural model

In this paper, the aeroelastic analyses of a rectangular cantilever plate of varying aspect ratio is presented. The classical plate theory has been selected as the structural model. The main point that distinguishes this study from previously reported research is employing Peters’ theory to model aerodynamic effect which is not straightforward. The Peters’ aerodynamic model was originally developed to provide lift and moment, which is only applicable to the structural model based on the beam theories. In this study, using the basic concept of the Peters’ aerodynamic model in addition to utilizing the Fourier series, the pressure distribution is derived, which makes Peters’ model applicable to structural models based on plate theory. This combination provides a much simpler state–space aeroelastic model for plates in comparison to the prevalent panel methods, which could lead to a significant reduction in computational time. In addition, the aeroelastic response of the plate with respect to changes in the structural model from the beam theory to the plate theory is evaluated. By using data from an experiment carried out at Duke University, the theoretical results are evaluated. Furthermore, the differences in structural models obtained from the plate and beam theories can be divided into two distinct parts, which are responsible for differences in bending and torsional behaviors of the structure, separately. This approach enables us to measure the effects of differences of each behavior separately, which could provide with a new insight into the problem. It has been determined that the flutter speeds obtained from the beam and plate aeroelastic models are little affected by the difference in bending behavior, but rather is mainly caused by the difference in torsional frequencies.     

螺栓松动边界下纤维增强复合薄板的振动测试方法

提出了基于预埋压力传感器的量化测试方法,研究了螺栓松动边界对纤维增强复合薄板振动特性的影响。首先,自主设计并开发了带有预埋压力传感器的螺栓松动边界下复合薄板的振动测试系统,并详细介绍了系统各个部件的组成和功能;然后,归纳出一套合理、规范的松动边界下复合薄板的振动测试流程,并对HF10碳纤维/树脂复合薄板进行了实际测试。结果表明:随着螺栓松动程度的不断增加,复合薄板的固有频率逐渐降低,模态振型的节线位置也发生了不同程度的变化,但其阻尼结果呈现先增大后减小的趋势;而共振和非共振响应呈现先减小后增大的趋势。     

平行平板横向剪切干涉仪装调误差的矫正方法研究

对平行平板双光路横向剪切干涉仪的装调进行了研究,提出了一种矫正两个平行平板之间角度误差的方法.输出激光的波前采用Zernike多项式拟合,经过理论推导,发现两个方向差分波前求解出的倾斜像散之差与平行平板的角度误差存在线性关系,利用两个方向倾斜像散之差来矫正两个平行平板之间的角度误差.在平行平板横向剪切干涉仪的装调过程中使两个方向差分波前的倾斜像散之差为零即可以使两个方向的平行平板之间的角度误差值为零.进一步地从实验上证明了这个线性关系,对于所用的实验系统,当离焦像差为-3.224 7±0.001 8,两个方向差分波前的倾斜像散之差波动范围为±2.0×10^-3时,平行平板的角度误差可以控制在8.82″之内,高阶像差对平行平板的角度误差调节精度的影响约为1.63″.该方法具有装调简单、精确度高,易于流程化操作的优点.     

The recent progress of functionally graded CNT reinforced composites and structures

In the last decade,the functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composites(FG-CNTRCs)have attracted considerable interest due to their excellent mechanical properties,and the structures made of FG-CNTRCs have found broad potential applications in aerospace,civil and ocean engineering,automotive industry,and smart structures.Here we review the literature regarding the mechanical analysis of bulk CNTR nanocomposites and FG-CNTRC structures,aiming to provide a clear picture of the mechanical modeling and properties of FG-CNTRCs as well as their composite structures.The review is organized as follows:(1)a brief introduction to the functionally graded materials(FGM),CNTRCs and FG-CNTRCs;(2)a literature review of the mechanical modeling methodologies and properties of bulk CNTRCs;(3)a detailed discussion on the mechanical behaviors of FG-CNTRCs;and(4)conclusions together with a suggestion of future research trends.     

微波/电热板组合消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定土壤中重金属元素

为提高土壤检测的重金属得率,采用了微波消解/电热板组合预处理-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定土壤重金属含量。分析了硝酸(HNO3)、氢氟酸(HF)、高氯酸(HClO4)和盐酸(HCl)组合消解液及赶酸温度对土壤预处理影响。结果显示：在硝酸和盐酸混合消解液中,硝酸占比越高,铬(Cr)、钴(Co)、铜(Cu)、镉(Cd)得率更高;消解液体系中加入氢氟酸可使消解更加彻底,提高铬与铜的得率。最优预处理消解条件为硝酸 6ml+ 氢氟酸 2ml消解液组合进行微波消解,1ml 高氯酸于155℃电热板上赶酸。经土壤标准样品GBW07401(GSS-1)和GBW07452(GSS-23)实际应用,预处理条件优化后测试准确度和稳定性均显著提高。此外使用元素铑(Rh)作为内标物时,其方法稳定性和准确性高于内标物钪(Sc)和锗(Ge)。可为相关国家土壤重金属测定标准的修制订提供方法学参考。