An absolute method for determination of misalignment of an immersion ultrasonic transducer

An absolute methodology has been developed for quantification of misalignment of an ultrasonic transducer using a corner-cube retroreflector. The amplitude based and the time of flight (TOF) based C-scans of the reflector are obtained for various misalignments of the transducer. At zero degree orientation of the transducer, the vertical positions of the maximum amplitude and the minimum TOF in the C-scan coincide. At any other orientation of the transducer with the horizontal plane, there is a vertical shift in the position of the maximum amplitude with respect to the minimum TOF. The position of the minimum (TOF) remains the same irrespective of the orientation of the transducer and hence is used as a reference for any misalignment of the transducer. With the measurement of the vertical shift and the horizontal distance between the transducer and the vertex of the reflector, the misalignment of the transducer is quantified. Based on the methodology developed in the present study, retroreflectors are placed in the Indian 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor for assessment of the orientation of the ultrasonic transducer prior to the under-sodium ultrasonic scanning for detection of any protrusion of the subassemblies.     

Eigenmode sensitivity of damped sandwich structures

The modeling of the linear free vibration of a sandwich structure including viscoelastic layers yields a complex nonlinear eigenvalue problem. In this paper, the sensitivity of eigensolutions is computed using a homotopy-based asymptotic numerical method, then a first-order automatic differentiation. The generality of the proposed method enables us to consider any analytical frequency-dependent viscoelastic law in the modeling and the sensitivity computation. Its application potential is demonstrated by computing the sensitivity of eigenmodes, eigenfrequencies and modal loss factors of sandwich beams and plates to various perturbations.     

扩散硅压力变送器的曲面拟合补偿

为解决扩散硅压力传感器因非线性特性及易受温度影响从而导致其测量精度降低这一问题,提出了基于最小二乘曲面拟合的补偿方案。建立了传感器的被测压力、工作温度和输出电压间的曲面拟合数学模型,在获得传感器的输出电压和工作温度后能简便地计算出被测点的压力值。实验表明,该     

Bi_（0.5）Na_（0.5）TiO_3-BaTiO_3-KNbO_3陶瓷的介电特性及相变行为研究

采用固相反应法制备了（1-x）Bi0.47Na0.47Ba0.06TiO3-xKNbO3（BNBT-xKN,x=0～0.08）陶瓷,借助铁电分析仪、阻抗分析仪、扫描电镜（SEM）等仪器研究了KNbO3（KN）引入后,对陶瓷的微观结构、相变行为和介电性的影响.BNBT-xKN的扫描电镜（SEM）图显示：适量的KN对BNBT陶瓷具有细化晶粒、增大致密度作用.介电温谱（30~500℃）显示BNBT、BNBT-0.01KN、BNBT-0.02KN陶瓷有3个介电异常峰,而BNBT-0.04KN和BNBT-0.08KN陶瓷中有2个介电异常峰,并对陶瓷中出现的介电异常进行了讨论.通过介电温谱数据拟合,讨论了BNBT-xKN陶瓷的介电弛豫特性,并解释了BNBT-xKN陶瓷退极化的原因以及出现双电滞回线的机理.     

MnO2掺杂对Sr1.95Ca0.05NaNb5O15无铅压电陶瓷微观结构及电学性能的影响

采用固相反应法制备了MnO2掺杂Sr.95Ca0.05.osNaNbsO15+y wt;MnO2(SCNNM)无铅压电陶瓷.研究了MnO2掺杂对SCNNM陶瓷显微结构及电学性能的影响.结果表明:当y≤0.7时,SCNNM陶瓷为单一的四方钨青铜结构,当y≥1.0时有第二相生成;少量MnO2掺杂能有效降低烧结温度,促进晶粒长大,显著提高SCNNM陶瓷的介电、压电性能,降低矫顽场和居里温度,当y＞0.7时,陶瓷烧结恶化,性能降低.当y＝0.5时,SCNNM陶瓷具有较好的介电、压电和铁电性能:介电系数εr＝2123,介电损耗tanδ＝0.038,平面伸缩振动机电耦合系数Kp＝13.4;,厚度伸缩振动机电耦合系数K1＝36.5;,矫顽场E.＝12.68 kV/cm,剩余极化强度Pr＝4.76 μC/cm2,压电系数d33＝190 pC/N,机械品质引因数Qm＝1455,居里温度Tc＝260℃.     

有限高狭长压电体中共线双半无限裂纹问题的解析解

通过引入合适的保角变换,利用复变函数法,分析了部分裂纹面上受反平面剪应力和面内电载荷共同作用下有限高狭长压电体中含共线双半无限裂纹问题,导出了电不可通边界条件下两个裂纹尖端场强度因子和机械应变能释放率的解析解．当不考虑电场作用时,所得解可退化到经典弹性材料的情况．而当两裂纹尖端的距离趋于无穷大时,也可退化为狭长压电体中半无限裂纹问题的解．最后,通过数值算例,讨论了受载长度、狭长体高度、机电载荷对机械应变能释放率的影响规律以及两个裂纹之间的相互作用．结果表明,两裂纹尖端的距离越短,材料越容易破坏;且机电载荷对左尖端裂纹的扩展影响更为显著．     

双压电材料三维界面端部力电耦合场奇异性

基于切口根部物理场的幂级数渐近展开假设,从三维应力平衡方程和麦克斯韦方程组出发,导出关于双压电材料楔形界面切口端部奇性指数的特征微分方程组,并将切口的力电学边界条件表达为奇性指数和特征角函数的组合,从而将双压电材料楔形界面切口端部奇性指数的计算转化为相应边界条件下常微分方程组特征值的求解,运用插值矩阵法求解界面端部若干阶应力奇性指数和相应特征函数.计算结果与已有结果对比表明本文方法的有效性和具有较高的计算精度.     

Preparation and characterization of Sr_(0.5)Ba_(0.5)Nb_2O_6 glass-ceramic on piezoelectric properties

We studied the influence of heat treatment time on the optical, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of strontium barium niobate(Sr_(1-x)Ba_xNb_2O_6; hereafter SBN) piezoelectric glass-ceramics with tungsten bronze-type structure,which have good piezoelectric properties and are important lead-free piezoelectric materials. We found that the best heat treatment time is 4 h. The properties of the prepared materials are better than that of SBN ceramics and the glass-ceramic growth is faster than the SBN crystal when the heat treatment time of the SBN piezoelectric glass-ceramic is controlled,reducing the preparation costs greatly.     

基于激光超声场检测的材料常数测量方法

由于采用干涉仪的激光超声技术造价较高,对环境噪声极为敏感,很难在工业中得到广泛应用,为此开发了基于压电传感器的激光超声场检测仪(LUFT)。该系统采用激光激发、压电传感接收的方式,既保留了激光高分辨率的优势,又兼具了系统造价低、使用方便的特点。本文中,利用该检测仪对标准钢试样及不同厚度的铝试样进行了测量,获得其表面波和纵波波速,并根据固体力学理论得到铝的泊松比和杨氏模量。计算结果与文献参考值误差较小,说明该方法的可行性,也说明了该激光超声场检测仪的可靠性。     

Selective generation of ultrasonic Lamb waves by electromagnetic acoustic transducers

In this paper, we describe a modal expansion approach for the analysis of the selective generation of ultrasonic Lamb waves by electromagnetic acoustic transducers(EMATs). With the modal expansion approach for waveguide excitation, an analytical expression of the Lamb wave's mode expansion coefficient is deduced, which is related to the driving frequency and the geometrical parameters of the EMAT's meander coil, and lays a theoretical foundation for exactly analyzing the selective generation of Lamb waves with EMATs. The influences of the driving frequency on the mode expansion coefficient of ultrasonic Lamb waves are analyzed when the EMAT's geometrical parameters are given. The numerical simulations and experimental examinations show that the ultrasonic Lamb wave modes can be effectively regulated(strengthened or restrained) by choosing an appropriate driving frequency of EMAT, with the geometrical parameters given. This result provides a theoretical and experimental basis for selectively generating a single and pure Lamb wave mode with EMATs.