吸水性淀粉－丙烯腈接枝共聚物的一步合成

以硝酸铈铵为引发剂，在几种水－有机溶剂体系中一步合成了吸水性淀粉－丙烯腈接枝共聚物。其中所含的ＰＡＮ均聚物比水作溶剂时的多。在水－正丁醇溶液（Ｖ／Ｖ＝１∶３）中，ＰＡＮ的接枝效率为８３％，淀粉的接枝效率为７２％，产品的吸水倍数为８２０ｇ／ｇ。     

Plant-based food hydrogels: Constitutive characteristics,formation, and modulation

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微晶淀粉

综述了微晶淀粉的用途和制备方法。微晶淀粉的制备方法按上生成微量的主要步骤可划分为回生法、水解法和结晶法三类。在以晶型（如A、B、C和V型）对微晶淀粉进行分类的基础上，本文按制备方法的不同将微晶淀粉分为回生微晶淀粉、原微晶淀粉和结晶微晶淀粉。文章对微晶淀粉的含义进行了界定，认为微晶淀粉是具有较高结晶度的淀粉微束、片晶或其它晶形的聚集体，并对微晶淀粉的晶型及晶型之间的转化进行了详细论述。     

聚乙烯醇－淀粉共混溶液流变特性研究

聚乙烯醇－淀粉共混溶液流变特性研究邱威扬，邱贤华，喻继文，吴素果（江西科学院应用化学研究所南昌３３００２９）关键词聚乙烯醇，淀粉，共混，流变特性淀粉塑料是目前国内外研究的热点，各国已宣布研制成功多种淀粉塑料．据报道８０年代末以来，生产量以７５％的年增...     

Exposure of granular starches to low-pressure glow ethylene plasma

Polymerization of ethylene was initiated by low-pressure glow plasma generated in this gas. Depending on starch present in this plasma polymerization could be considered either as graft-polymerization of ethylene onto starch or homopolymerization. Result of the treatment of cassava, corn, potato, rice Indica, sweet potato, and waxy corn starches with ethylene plasma was analyzed by means of high-performance size exclusion chromatography, X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetry, digestion with β-amylase, and scanning electron microscopy. Analyses suggested that graft-polymerization occurred on sweet potato and rice starch. With other starches homopolymerization of ethylene on granules took place.     

淀粉乙酸酯的阴离子接枝己内酯聚合研究

将淀粉在二甲基甲酰胺、吡啶存在下 ,以乙酸酐进行部分乙酰化 ,制备取代度为 0 7～ 1 9的淀粉乙酸酯 (St Ac) .以萘钠与淀粉乙酸酯中残余的羟基反应 ,将羟基转化为醇盐 (ONa) ,引发己内酯进行阴离子开环接枝聚合 ,合成了淀粉 聚己内酯接枝共聚物 (St g PCL) .采用凝胶渗透色谱法 (GPC)研究了接枝前后聚合物分子量的变化情况 ,并以接枝率、单体转化率对接枝反应进行了表征 .研究了接枝条件如温度、溶剂、引发剂和单体的用量对接枝率及单体转化率的影响 .研究发现随着反应温度升高 ,接枝率、单体转化率呈S曲线变化 ,单体浓度、引发剂浓度的增大有利于接枝反应的进行 .     

淀粉共聚物的合成与应用

本文介绍了淀粉共聚物的合成方法,包括自由基引发、阴离子引发和其它引发方法等;以及共聚物的应用范围:增稠剂、絮凝剂、粘合剂、吸水剂和上浆剂等.     

无机物对淀粉塑料力学性能影响的研究进展

淀粉以其来源广、成本低、可完全降解的特点已成为制备生物可降解塑料的重要来源。近年来,淀粉塑料的研究和应用发展迅速,其核心是不断提高其各项使用性能(如力学、耐水性能等)。当前,无机或矿物填料被广泛应用于复合材料中来提高材料的性能,本文主要根据无机物的种类不同,综述了典型的氧化物、氢氧化物,以及碳酸盐、硅酸盐、磷酸盐等盐类对淀粉塑料力学性能的影响,归纳了近期的研究成果,分析了该领域研究的热点和难点,并对今后的发展趋势提出了展望。     

Supramolecular carbohydrate scaffold-catalyzed synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines

Natural supramolecular carbohydrate scaffold-catalyzed synthesis of tetrahydroquinoline derivatives by the reaction of aromatic amine and cyclic enol ether in excellent yield with high diastereoselectivity has been developed. Carbohydrates, cellulose, and starch were converted into their sulfonic acid derivative and these scaffolds exhibit efficient catalytic properties, along with excellent cost effectivity and recyclability.     

Ultrasound assisted synthesis of starch-capped Cu2O NPs towards the degradation of dye and its anti-lung carcinoma properties

A unique starch encapsulated Cu₂O nanoparticles were synthesized through a simple and ‘green’ route using ultrasonic irradiation. The polar functional groups on the starch (OH) facilitate the NP capping and stabilization. Structural features of the material were assessed over several advanced techniques like fourier transformed infra-red (FT-IR), UV–vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) elemental mapping, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) analysis. It was catalytically explored in reducing an organic dye (Methylene blue - MB) in the presence of NaBH₄ at ambient conditions, being monitored in a UV–vis spectrophotometer. The nanocatalyst was recycled 11 times keeping consistency in its reactivity. Biologically, the nanocomposite exhibited excellent cytotoxicity against lung adenocarcinoma (PC-14, LC-2/ad and HLC-1) cell lines without affecting the normal (HUVEC) cell line. IC₅₀values of the nanocomposite were found at 618, 56 and 379 against HLC-1, LC-2/ad, and PC-14 cell lines respectively and accordingly, PC-14 afforded the best adenocarcinoma activity.