Selectively light scattering spectrometric detection of copper (II) based on a new synthesized oxamide ligand

Light scattering (LS) signals have been applied for analytical detections, but the selectivity is poor. In order to improve the selectivity, pre-separation or new machines are generally considered. Differing from these methods, we synthesized a highly selective oxamide ligand, N′,N′-bis (2-aminophenyl) oxamide (NAPO). It was found that the LS signals of NAPO, measured with a common spectrofluorometer, could be selectively enhanced by copper ion in neutral medium. Thus, a new highly selective detection method for copper ion could be developed over the range of 0.9-31.0 μM with the limit of determination of 97.6 nM (3σ). Foreign ions including Cd(II), Al(III) could be allowed even if present at the level of 7-fold more than that of Cu²⁺, avoiding pre-separation procedures from complicated samples such as real wastewater samples. Mechanism studies showed that the reaction between NAPO and copper ion could form some kinds of clusters and induce the enhanced LS signals.     

液相色谱安培检测养殖用水中的孔雀石绿、结晶紫、亚甲基蓝及其代谢物

建立了液相色谱安培检测水产养殖用水中的抗菌药物孔雀石绿、结晶紫、亚甲基蓝以及它们的隐性代谢产物的方法。采用V(甲醇)∶V(乙酸钠缓冲液)=70∶30(pH 4.5)为流动相,C18柱分离。采用MCX小柱富集,1.4 V玻碳电极直流安培检测,定量限在0.1~0.5μg/L,回收率在66%~101%之间,方法RSD在0.5%~4.8%之间。     

细胞体系中内噪声对弱信号检测的积极作用

在小尺度的生物化学反应体系中内噪声是普遍存在的,本文采用化学Langevin方程研究了细胞体系中内噪声对弱信号检测的作用. 研究发现, 在Hopf分岔点附近, 当弱信号非常小以至于不能独立地激发细胞内的钙尖峰振荡时, 内噪声能够帮助细胞内的钙振荡信号越过一个域值, 并且在一个最佳的内噪声强度下, 内噪声、内噪声诱导的钙振荡和弱信号之间会产生共振现象, 由此极大地增强了细胞体系对弱信号的检测能力. 由于内噪声是通过细胞尺度变化而改变的, 因此这种现象也说明了在对弱信号检测行为中最佳细胞尺度的存在. 研究还发现最佳的细胞尺度与真正的细胞体积是相吻合的, 并且基本不随外界刺激的改变而改变, 这具有重要的生物学意义.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用测定鳗鱼中孔雀石绿、结晶紫及其代谢物残留量

应用高效液相色谱与串联质谱联用技术测定了鳗鱼中孔雀石绿(MG)、结晶紫(CV)及其代谢物(LMG,LCV)的残留量.样品用乙腈提取后,经脱脂、浓缩及净化处理,所得残渣用流动相混合液溶解后,通过Acquity UPLCTM BEH C18色谱柱分离,流出液供串联质谱测定,用氘代孔雀石绿及氘代无色孔雀石绿作内标参比定量.结果表明:对MG、LMG、CV、LCV四种化合物在0.1～10.0 μg·L-1范围内均呈线性关系,在0.5 μg·kg-1及2 μg·kg-1的标准加入水平下进行了回收试验,所得回收率在86.5%～91.8%之间,方法的检出限为0.1 μg·L-1(对MG及LMG)和0.5 μg·L-1(对CV及LCV),测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=7)≤7%.     

Mixtures of maximally entangled pure states

We study the conditions when mixtures of maximally entangled pure states remain entangled. We found that the resulting mixed state remains entangled when the number of entangled pure states to be mixed is less than or equal to the dimension of the pure states. For the latter case of mixing a number of pure states equal to their dimension, we found that the mixed state is entangled provided that the entangled pure states to be mixed are not equally weighted. We also found that one can restrict the set of pure states that one can mix from in order to ensure that the resulting mixed state is genuinely entangled. Also, we demonstrate how these results could be applied as a way to detect entanglement in mixtures of the entangled pure states with noise.     

Thiourea functionalized CdSe/CdS quantum dots as a fluorescent sensor for mercury ion detection

CdSe/CdS quantum dots(QDs) functionalized by thiourea(TU) were synthesized and used as a fluorescent sensor for mercury ion detection.The TU-functionalized QDs were prepared by bonding TU via electrostatic interaction to the core/shell CdSe/CdS QDs after capping with thioglycolic acid(TGA).It was observed that the fluorescence of the functionalized QDs was quenched upon the addition of Hg~(2+).The quantitative detection of Hg~(2+) with this fluorescent sensor could be conducted based on the linear relationship between the extent of quenching and the concentration of Hg~(2+) added in the range of1-300 μg L~(-1).A detection limit of 0.56 μg L~(-1) was achieved.The sensor showed superior selectivity for Hg~(2+) and was successfully applied to the determination of mercury in environmental samples with satisfactory results.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定对虾组织中噁喹酸残留

建立了测定对虾血淋巴、肌肉和肝胰腺等组织中噁喹酸含量的反相高效液相色谱法。采用乙腈提取对虾血淋巴、肌肉、肝胰腺和鳃组织中噁喹酸,色谱柱为Aglient Zorbax SB-C18柱(150×4.6mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.01mol·L-1四丁基溴化铵(磷酸调节pH为2.75)为流动相,流速1.0mL·min-1,荧光检测器检测。噁喹酸在0.002~10μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2=0.9996~0.9999。加标回收率为84.70%~90.60%,日内、日间精密度(RSD)分别为1.60%~4.02%、2.91%~4.73%,定量限分别为0.02μg·mL-1、0.01μg·g-1、0.02μg·g-1和0.02μg·g-1。该方法操作简单,重现性好,适用于对虾样品中噁喹酸含量的分析。     

高精度动态光纤应变传感研究

传统的光纤应变传感技术无法在满足高精度和强环境适应性的同时实现稳定的动态应变传感.为了解决该问题,本文将光干涉原理应用于光纤应变传感,设计了一种强环境适应性的基于干涉结构的高精度光纤应变传感系统,基于扫频干涉信号的互相关系数,该系统可以稳定地探测应变.本文还提出一种动态探测算法,该算法弥补了系统只能探测较小应变的缺陷,大大提升了实际应变的探测范围,同时还实现了动态的应变检测;采用三次样条插值算法,提升了小应变探测的精度.理论分析和仿真模拟表明,在加入白噪声的信号信噪比为15dB时,插值后的探测精度是未插值探测精度的2.3倍,插值后本系统探测结果的最大误差只有约9nε.     

IMDD-OFDM系统的低开支、高准确度信道估计方法

提出一种应用于强度调制直接检测光正交频分复用(IMDD-OFDM)传输系统的低开支、高准确度的信道估计算法.该算法充分考虑系统噪声特性,利用梳状导频插入结构,结合符号间平均与子载波间频域线性插值的思想,在低开支导频条件下实现较高的估计准确度.仿真和理论推导结果表明:与传统平均算法和直接线性插值算法相比,基于梳状导频先平均后线性插值的算法估计出来的信道特性更能接近实际信道的.实验结果表明:在误码率为3.8×10~(-3)处,本文所提出的算法仅使用0.78%导频开支即可与使用20%导频开支的平均算法获得相同的接收灵敏度;同时,与传统估计算法相比,该算法与导频开支无关,能较好抗系统中的高斯噪声,获得与真实信道较为接近的估计性能.     

大气湍流对空间目标偏振成像探测的影响

为研究大气湍流对空间目标偏振成像探测准确度的影响,构建了大气湍流影响下的偏振成像探测模型,并对大气湍流导致的空间目标偏振度探测偏差进行仿真分析.通过对分时和同时偏振成像方式进行仿真,发现大气湍流会对空间目标偏振成像探测准确度造成明显影响,且对分时偏振成像探测准确度的影响明显大于同时偏振成像方式.通过自适应系统校正部分低阶像差,能明显减小大气湍流对偏振成像探测准确度的影响.为了兼顾图像信噪比和大气湍流影响下的偏振成像探测准确度,给出了一种结合分时和同时成像方式的改进偏振成像探测方式,大气湍流对其的影响略大于同时偏振成像方式,但该方式图像信噪比明显优于同时偏振成像方法.另外仿真分析发现,采用多帧图像叠加能效减小大气湍流带来的空间目标偏振成像探测偏差,在使用分时偏振成像方式时效果尤为明显.