Carbon nitride films by RF plasma assisted PLD: Spectroscopic and electronic analysis

Carbon nitride (CNx) thin films have been grown on Si 〈1 0 0〉 by 193 nm ArF ns pulsed laser ablation of a pure graphite target in a low pressure atmosphere of a RF generated N₂ plasma and compared with samples grown by PLD in pure nitrogen atmosphere. Composition, structure and bonding of the deposited materials have been evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman scattering. Significant chemical and micro-structural changes have been registered, associated to different nitrogen incorporation in the two types of films analyzed. The intensity of the reactive activated species is, indeed, increased by the presence of the bias confined RF plasma, as compared to the bare nitrogen atmosphere, thus resulting in a different nitrogen uptake in the growing films. The process has been also investigated by some preliminary optical emission studies of the carbon plume expanding in the nitrogen atmosphere. Optical emission spectroscopy reveals the presence of many excited species like C⁺ ions, C atoms, C₂, N₂; and CN radicals, and N₂⁺ molecular ions, whose relative intensity appears to be increased in the presence of the RF plasma. The films were also characterised for electrical properties by the “four-probe-test method” determining sheet resistivity and correlating surface conductivity with chemical composition.     

Mossbauer, Raman and X-ray diffraction studies of superparamagnetic NiFe2O4 nanoparticles prepared by sol-gel auto-combustion method

Superparamagnetic nickel ferrite single phase nanoparticles with the average crystallite size of ∼9 nm have been synthesized at a low temperature (220 °C) by the sol-gel auto-combustion method. In the present study the as prepared powder was further calcined at different temperatures for 4 h, resulting in nanoparticles of larger size. The nanoparticles exhibited superparamagnetic behavior and changes in cation distribution as revealed by the Mossbauer, Raman and X-ray diffraction studies. The Mossbauer spectra collected at 5 K and under 5 T applied magnetic field showed mixed spinel structure and canted spin order for the nanoparticles, whereas there is collinear spin order with inverse spinel structure for larger particles. The vibrational spectra of the nanoparticles showed a redshift and broadening in the Raman line shape due to confinement effects.     

Magnetoelectric behavior of ferrimagnetic BixCo2−xMnO4 (x=0, 0.1 and 0.3) thin films

Thin films of Bi_xCo_2−xMnO₄ (x=0, 0.1 and 0.3) were grown on quartz, LaAlO₃ (LAO) and YBa₂Cu₃O₇ (YBCO) buffer layer coated LAO substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering measurements showed that the thin films exhibit single phase polycrystalline cubic spinel structure on all the substrates. Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) studies confirmed the octahedral occupancy of the substituted Bi³⁺ ions. Temperature dependent zero-field cooled (ZFC) magnetization measurements show the ferrimagnetic (FM) behavior (T_C∼186 K) and magnetization undergoes a crossover from positive to negative, owing to the opposite contributions of magnetic moments from Co and Mn ions. A weak ferroelectric property exhibited by the films above room temperature was evidenced through the capacitance-voltage (C-V) and dielectric measurements. Magnetoelectric coupling was found to be maximum just below FM-T_C.     

醛类分子的拉曼光谱研究

应用便携式拉曼光谱仪,采集了四种醛类分子(GnH2nO,n=1,2,3,4)的拉曼光谱,并通过量子化学中密度泛函理论(DFT)对四种醛类分子进行了分子模型构建和理论拉曼光谱模拟计算.通过实验拉曼光谱和DFT模拟计算结果的对比,对四种醛类分子的特征振动峰进行了指认.同时对四种醛类分子的实验光谱进行了分析比较.应用便携式拉...     

RMSECV曲线筛选光谱波段算法

提出了一种利用偏最小二乘回归系数矩阵筛选光谱波段的算法。该算法利用偏最小二乘回归系数作为筛选光谱波长的依据,参考(root-mean-squares error of cross-validation,RMSECV)曲线,使初选波长数大大降低。在此基础上通过循环选择将无效信息光谱波长剔除,同时增强了所建模型的预测精确性。通过生产过程的Raman光谱数据验证,该算法比传统的利用回归系数筛选波长的算法更好地提高了模型的精确性,同时降低了模型的复杂程度,是一种高效实用的算法。     

南极海洋芳香烃低温降解微生物的拉曼光谱分析

激光镊子拉曼光谱技术可以实现在自然状态下对单个细胞或细胞器较长时间的观察研究.应用激光镊子拉曼光谱技术实时观察南极微生物低温降解芳香烃过程中单个南极细菌的细胞生长和胞内生物大分子的动态变化过程,收集、分析其拉曼光谱,结果发现:单细胞的拉曼光谱反映了其细胞内部的生命物质组成,南极动球菌 NJ41 和希瓦氏菌 NJ49 生...     

Nonconforming stabilized finite element methods based on Riesz-representing operators

Following the framework of the finite element methods based on Riesz-representingoperators developed by Duan Huoyuan in 1997,through discrete Rieszonsome virtual(non-) conforming finite-dimensional subspaces,a stabilization formulation is presented for the Stokes problem by employing nonconforming elements. This formulation is uni-tormly coercive and not subject to the Babus Ka-Brezzi condition,and the resulted linearalgebraic system is positive definite with the spectral condition number O(h^-2).Quasi-optimal error bounds are obtained,which is consistent with the interpolation properties of the finite elements used.     

Insight into the Interaction of Furfural with Metallic Surfaces in the Electrochemical Hydrogenation Process

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of furfural on metal surfaces has become an important research subject due to the potential of the reaction product 2-methylfuran as a renewable energy resource. Identifying effective determinants in this reaction process requires a thorough investigation of the complex electrode-electrolyte interactions, which considers a variety of the influential components. In this work, in operando electrochemical Raman Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics simulations were utilized to investigate different characteristics of the interface layer in the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of furfural. Hereby, the influence of applied potentials, electrode material, and electrolyte composition were investigated in detail. The studied parameters give an insight into furfural's binding situation, molecular orientation, and reaction mechanism.     

Preparation and application of surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate synthesized from single walled carbon nanotubes and silver nanoparticlesEI北大核心CSCD

By hydrothermal synthesis, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) arranged on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) uniformly, and a SiO2/CNTs/AgNPs surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate with composite open structure was prepared. The synthesized SiO2/CNTs/AgNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM. Using rhodamine 6G(R6G) as the probe molecule, the enhancement factor (EF) was 1.23×108, and the standard deviation was 2.31. Taking the phenol red, a common water pollutant, as the practical sample, the concentration of phenol red in the range of 1×10-4 -1×10-10 mol/L had a great exponential fitting relationship with its Raman signal intensity at 1153 cm-1 and 1441 cm-1, and the correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.99991. The substrate can realize the qualitative and quantitative detection of practical samples. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

High-Density Optophysiology Platform for Recording Intracellular and Extracellular Signals across the Brain of Free-Moving Animals

Developing a novel tool capable of real-time monitoring and simultaneously quantifying of both intra/extracellular chemical signals across the large-scale brain is the key bottleneck for understanding the interactions between the molecules inside and outside neurons. Here we built up a high-density intra/extracellular optophysiology platform, together with developing two probes for specific recognition of L-cysteine (Cys) and dopamine (DA), for simultaneously quantifying of both intracellular Cys and extracellular DA with high selectivity and accuracy across the brain of freely moving animals, as well as recording electrical signals. Using this powerful tool, it was found that intracellular Cys regulated extracellular DA through inducing the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the depressed mice brain. We also established the functional networks of Cys and DA across 32 brain regions in freely moving animals. More importantly, it was discovered that depression reduced the correlations between adjacent brain regions, which was recovered by the treatment of N-acetyl-l-cysteine.