Réduction a priori de modèles thermomécaniquesAn a priori model reduction method for thermomechanical problems

A model reduction method is proposed for finite element models. A previous computation of the state of the structure is not necessary. Residuals defined over the entire time interval and the Karhunen–Loève method provide basis functions. A non-incremental algorithm, from the LATIN method, is used to compute this basis functions. Because of the non-incremental feature, the reduced order model is representative for a large evolution of the state of the structure. To cite this article: D. Ryckelynck, C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 499–505.     

Approximate yield criteria for anisotropic metals with prolate or oblate voidsCritères macroscopiques pour des métaux plastiques anisotropes contenant des cavités non sphériques

Following the study of Gologanu et al. (1997) which has extended the well-known approach of Gurson (1975), we propose approximate yield criteria for anisotropic plastic voided metals containing non spherical cavities. The plastic anisotropy of the matrix is described by means of Hill's quadratic criterion. The procedure to establish the closed form expression of approximate macroscopic criteria, in which void shape and plastic anisotropic effects are included, is detailed. The new criteria allow us to recover existing results in the cases of spherical and cylindrical voids in an Hill type plastic matrix. Moreover, they agree with previous criteria for non spherical voids in an isotropic plastic matrix. Finally, for validation purposes, we provide, in the general case of non spherical cavities in the anisotropic matrix, a comparison with the numerical exact two field criteria. To cite this article: V. Monchiet et al., C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Mathematical modeling of an array of underground waste containersModélisation mathématique d'un réseau souterrain de stockage de déchets

We consider a mathematical model describing the behavior of an underground waste repository, once the containers start to leak. Due to the high contrast of the characteristic lengths, numerical simulations on a such model are unrealistic. After renormalization, a small parameter ε appears and the global model is obtained when ε tends to zero, by means of homogenization and boundary layers methods. The asymptotic model obtained could be used as a global repository model for large field numerical simulations. To cite this article: A. Bourgeat et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 371–376.     

Uniformly valid approximation for singular perturbation problems and matching principleDéveloppements asymptotiques uniformément valables pour des problèmes de perturbations singulières et principe de raccordement

After a brief reminder of the notion of asymptotic expansion, a counter-example of the Van Dyke matching principle is solved thanks to a modified form of this principle. This leads to a composite approximation to a given order. The proposed method of successive complementary expansions reverses the analysis by starting with a supposed form of the uniformly valid approximation. This method does not require any matching principle which, in fact, is a by-product. The method is illustrated with the very often studied one-dimensional model of Stokes–Oseen for the circular cylinder. To cite this article: J. Mauss, J. Cousteix, C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 697–702.     

Un modèle paramétrique d'évolution de surface pour matériaux contraints : modélisationA parametric model of surface evolution for materials under constraint; part I: modeling

We present a model describing the surface changes of an elastic preconstrained material which is valid for large deformations. The surface profile is described by a parametric curve that allows the emergence of infinite tangents and back return point as the surface evolves. The proposed model covers a number of classic models: Spencer (1994), Yang (1993), Kassner (1994), Chiu (1994). These latter models were limited to surface profiles with one-to-one representations and low amplitudes of deformation. To cite this article: M. Carrive, J. Grilhé, C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Large-amplitude internal solitary waves in a two-fluid modelOndes solitaires internes de grande amplitude dans un modèle à deux fluides

We compute solitary wave solutions of a Hamiltonian model for large-amplitude long internal waves in a two-layer stratification. Computations are performed for values of the density and depth ratios close to oceanic conditions, and comparisons are made with solutions of both weakly and fully nonlinear models. It is shown that characteristic features of highly nonlinear solitary waves such as broadening are reproduced well by the present model. To cite this article: Ph. Guyenne, C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Identification of radon transfer velocity coefficient between liquid and gaseous phasesIdentification de la vitesse de transfert de radon entre une phase liquide et une phase gazeuse

Radon transfer between a liquid phase and a gaseous phase is modelled by a Robin's condition (radon flux at the common interface is expressed as function of radon concentrations in the two phases). This condition involves two constants: Ostwald's coefficient (α) and the transfer velocity coefficient (β). Assuming the value of α is known, a method is proposed to determinate the value of β, by studying the radon transfer phenomenon at the laboratory scale. Knowing the initial radon concentrations, the experiment consists in measuring how long the radon flux passes through the common interface. In this stabilisation time radon transport is governed in each phase by diffusion and disintegration. Then, determination of β is equivalent to solving an inverse problem formulated using measured data. A numerical procedure is developed to solve this problem. To cite this article: D.-G. Calugaru, J.-M. Crolet, C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 377–382.     

Combined action of anticonvection and thermocapillarity in two- and three-layer systemsAction simultanée d'anticonvection et de thermocapillarité dans des systèmes multi-couches

Anticonvection generated by the joint action of the external heating and heat sources (sinks) on the interface in the layers with finite thicknesses is studied. Anticonvective structures in fluid systems subject to the anticonvective instability only in the presence of heat sources (sinks) on the interface have been obtained. The nonlinear regimes of anticonvection in the system of three immiscible viscous fluids heated from above are investigated. The specific phenomena caused by direct and indirect interaction of anticonvective and thermocapillary mechanisms of instability are considered. In particular, different oscillatory configurations where anticonvection arises mainly near the upper interface and thermocapillary convection appears mainly near the lower interface, have been studied. To cite this article: I.B. Simanovskii, C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004).     

Une condition de déviation des fissures dans les CMC et les multicouches

A crack deflection criterion is proposed on the basis of the Cook and Gordon mechanism. The stress state induced by a crack was computed in an elementary cell of bimaterial using the finite element method. An interface failure criterion was established in terms of strengths and elastic moduli of constituents. A master curve was produced. It allows matrix crack deflection to be predicted with respect to constituents properties and interface strength. The model can be used also to evaluate the strength of interfaces and interphases in ceramic matrix composites and in multilayers. To cite this article: S. Pompidou, J. Lamon, C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005).