带式输送机弯曲变形阻力理论研究

为了减小带式输送机的弯曲阻力,基于黏弹性材料在动载荷下的能耗理 论,对输送带运行时的弯曲变形能耗机理进行了分析,推导出输送带弯曲变形阻力系数的近似理 论公式,并通过试验验证了公式的正确性. 利用公式对各因素对弯曲阻力系数 的影响规律进行了探讨,结果表明可以通过选配合适的输送带橡胶材料获得合适的 输送带黏弹性参数,并结合调整输送带、输送机的结构参数达到降低输送机弯曲阻力的目的.     

黏弹性传动带1:3内共振时的周期和混沌运动

研究了参数激励作用下黏弹性传动带在1:3内共振时的周期解分岔和混沌动力学. 同时考虑传动带的线性外阻尼因素和材料内阻尼因素. 首先建立了具有线性外阻尼情况下的黏弹性传动带平面运动时的非线性动力学方程, 黏弹性材料的本构关系用Kelvin模型描述. 然后考虑黏弹性传动带的横向振动问题, 利用多尺度法和Galerkin离散法得到黏弹性传动带系统在1:3内共振时的平均方程. 最后利用数值模拟方法研究了黏弹性传动带系统的周期振动和混沌动力学, 得到了系统在不同参数下的混沌运动. 数值模拟结果说明黏弹性传动带系统存在周期分岔, 概周期运动及混沌运动.     

基于标准区间灰数的发展带离散DDGM预测模型

由于区间灰数运算体系尚不完善,灰数间的代数运算将导致结果灰度增加,难以有效构建基于"区间灰数"的灰色发展带预测模型.对此,通过将区间灰数进行标准化处理,分解成基于实数形式的"白部"和"灰部"两个部分;然后分别对"白部"和"灰部"建立发展带预测模型,再推导并还原得到区间灰数的发展带预测模型;最后,将模型用于摆动幅度大且整体趋势增长的区间灰数在未来时刻的预测,预测效果验证了所提出模型的有效性.     

Synthesis of the [11]Cyclacene Framework by Repetitive Diels–Alder Cycloadditions

The Diels–Alder cycloaddition between bisdienes and bisdienophile incorporating the 7-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane unit are well known to show high diastereoselectivity that can be exploited for the synthesis of molecular belts. The related bisdiene 5,6,7,8-tetramethylidene-2-bicyclo[2.2.2]octene is a valuable building block for the synthesis of photoprecursors for acenes, but it has not been employed for the synthesis of molecular belts. The present work investigates by computational means the Diels–Alder reaction between these bisdiene building blocks with syn-1,4,5,8-tetrahydro-1,4:5,8-diepoxyanthracene, which shows that the diastereoselectivity of the Diels–Alder reaction of the etheno-bridged bisdiene is lower than that of the epoxy-bridged bisdiene. The reaction of the etheno-bridged bisdiene and syn-1,4,5,8-tetrahydro-1,4:5,8-diepoxyanthracene in 2:1 ratio yields two diastereomers that differ in the orientation of the oxa and etheno bridges based on NMR and X-ray crystallography. The all-syn diastereomer can be transformed into a molecular belt by inter- and intramolecular Diels–Alder reactions with a bifunctional building block. The molecular belt could function as a synthetic intermediate en route to a [11]cyclacene photoprecursor.     

纸质构件力学性能试验研究

对铅化纸制作的纸杆和纸带进行了力学试验, 分析了其力学性能, 结果表明:纸杆应力应变曲线存在线弹性段, 弹性模量主要集中在200$\sim$400\,MPa, 并具有一定的离散性. 而纸带抗拉曲线呈明显的非线性特征, 极限拉应变主要集中在0.015$\sim 对铅化纸制作的纸杆和纸带进行了力学试验, 分析了其力学性能, 结果表明:纸杆应力应变曲线存在线弹性段, 弹性模量主要集中在200$\sim$400\,MPa, 并具有一定的离散性. 而纸带抗拉曲线呈明显的非线性特征, 极限拉应变主要集中在0.015$\sim 对铅化纸制作的纸杆和纸带进行了力学试验, 分析了其力学性能, 结果表明:纸杆应力应变曲线存在线弹性段, 弹性模量主要集中在200$\sim$400\,MPa, 并具有一定的离散性. 而纸带抗拉曲线呈明显的非线性特征, 极限拉应变主要集中在0.015$\sim 对铅化纸制作的纸杆和纸带进行了力学试验, 分析了其力学性能, 结果表明:纸杆应力应变曲线存在线弹性段, 弹性模量主要集中在200$\sim$400\,MPa, 并具有一定的离散性. 而纸带抗拉曲线呈明显的非线性特征, 极限拉应变主要集中在0.015$\sim对铅化纸制作的纸杆和纸带进行了力学试验,分析了其力学性能,结果表明:纸杆应力应变曲线存在线弹性段,弹性模量主要集中在200～400 MPa,并具有一定的离散性.而纸带抗拉曲线呈明显的非线性特征,极限拉应变主要集中在0.015～0.025之间,纸带的粘结状态对试件的极限拉应变有较大的影响.     

Modal analysis of coupled vibration of belt drive systems

The modal method is applied to analyze coupled vibration of belt drive systems. A belt drive system is a hybrid system consisting of continuous belts modeled as strings as well as discrete pulleys and a tensioner arm. The characteristic equation of the system is derived from the governing equation. Numerical results demenstrate the effects of the transport speed and the initial tension on natural frequencies.     

Ziphius cavirostris bio inspired acoustic antenna. Finite element analysis and experimental validation

One way to amplify an incoming signal is to design a receiver that couples with the signal frequency. In this study a resonant system made of a belt, one part exposed to the incoming signal and the other part inserted in a protected cavity is investigated. The cavity is shaped like a tapered horn in order to obtain maximum amplification at the horn tip. A finite element model based on displacement fields for the acoustic fluid and the belt is developed. The moving surfaces are coupled in such a way that the coupled stiffness and mass matrices are symmetric. Different resulting coupling modes are analysed. A prototype is constructed in order to verify the numerical results. The experimental and numerical results agree to within 6%. The desired amplification inside the cavity is obtained and the time exposure necessary to reach a stationary wave inside the cavity is measured. The design is a simplified, bio inspired, representation of a Ziphius cavirostris lower jaw bone and its surrounding fat cavity.     

On-line conveyor belts inspection based on machine vision

Under the background that mining conveyor belts are prone to failure in operation, the on-line fault detection technique based on machine vision for conveyor belts is investigated. High-brightness linear light sources arranged to a vaulted shape provide light for a line-array CCD camera to capture high-quality belt images. A fast image segmentation algorithm is proposed to deal belt images on-line. The algorithm for detecting longitudinal rip and belt deviation which are serious threat to the mine safety production from binary belt images is presented. Then, an on-line visual belt inspection system is developed. The laboratory testing results testify the validity of the visual inspection system.     

中国东部沿海地带及邻区的环境工程地质与可持续发展研究

沿海地带是海陆交接的边缘地带, 是-个多功能的自然综合体, 蕴藏着丰富的自然资源, 开发潜力很大。但沿海地带自然环境复杂多变, 生态环境极为脆弱, 而沿海地带的开发利用又涉及许多部门和学科, 在开发过程中已引起若干环境工程地质问题, 因此, 加强沿海地带资源开发的环境工程地质研究有极为重要的意义。本文分析了我国沿海地带资源开发过程中引起的主要环境工程地质问题, 采用BP神经网络模型对沿海地带及其邻区的工程地质环境质量进行了评价与区划。在此基础上, 对中国沿海地带可持续发展方略进行了探讨。     

DFT calculation of structures and NMR chemical shifts of simple models of small diameter zigzag single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)

Linearly conjugated benzene rings (acenes), belt‐shape molecules (cyclic acenes) and model single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were fully optimized at the unrestricted level of density functional theory (UB3LYP/6‐31G*). The models of SWCNTs were selected to get some insight into the potential changes of NMR chemical shift upon systematic increase of the molecular size. The theoretical NMR chemical shifts were calculated at the B3LYP/pcS‐2 level of theory using benzene as reference. In addition, the change of radial breathing mode (RBM), empirically correlated with SWCNT diameter, was directly related with the radius of cyclic acenes. Both geometrical and NMR parameters were extrapolated to infinity upon increase in the studied systems size using a simple two‐parameter mathematical formula. Very good agreement between calculated and available experimental CC bond lengths of acenes was observed (RMS of 0.0173 Å). The saturation of changes in CC bond lengths and ¹H and ¹³C NMR parameters for linear and cyclic acenes, starting from 7–8 conjugated benzene rings, was observed. The ¹³C NMR parameters of individual carbon atoms from the middle of ultra‐thin (4,0) SWCNT formed from 10 conjugated cyclic acenes differ by about 130 ppm from the corresponding open end carbon nuclei. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.