A Biomimetic Potentiometric Sensor Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Cetirizine Assay in Tablets and Biological Fluids

Despite the increasing number of applications of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in analytical chemistry, the construction of a biomimetic potentiometric sensor remains still challenging. In this work, a biomimetic potentiometric sensor, based on a non‐covalent imprinted polymer was fabricated for the recognition and determination of cetirizine. The MIP was synthesized by precipitation polymerization, using cetirizine dihydrochloride as a template molecule, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross linking agent. The sensor showed high selectivity and a sensitive response to the template in aqueous system. The MIP‐modified electrode exhibited Nernstian response (28.0±0.9 mV/decade) in a wide concentration range of 1.0×10^?6 to 1.0×10^?2 M with a lower detection limit of 7.0×10^?7 M. The electrode has response time of ca. 20 s, high performance, high sensitivity, and good long term stability (more than 5 months). The method was satisfactory and used to the cetirizine assay in tablets and biological fluids.     

氯霉素片中氯霉素含量的HPLC法测定

采用高效液相色谱法测定氯霉素片中氯霉素的含量，用C18柱为分离柱，水-甲醇-冰醋酸（体积比55：45：0.1）为流动相，检测波长278nm，氯霉素进样量在1.6-2.4μg范围内与主峰面积线性关系良好（r=0.9996），平均回收率为101％，重复进样相对标准偏差0.40％（n=7）。     

中药复方“清开灵”注射液中胆酸类物质的液相色谱/质谱/质谱分析

采有液相色谱／质谱／质谱法,通过保留时间、分子量和二级质谱的信息对复方“清开灵”注射液中的胆酸、去氧胆酸和鹅去氧胆酸进行了定性;建立了内标法对复方中相对含量较大的胆酸的定量分析方法;结果表明胆酸在875ng/L-140μg／L范围内线性良好,线性相关系数R^2=0.9999;RSD=2.4%。该方法样品处理简单,选择性好,灵敏度高。对中药的质量控制具有重要的意义。     

大口径毛细管气相色谱法直接测定复方氨酚苯海拉明片中的4种组分

建立了同时测定复方氨酚苯海拉明片中对乙酰氨基酚(PAR)、咖啡因(CAF)、盐酸苯海拉明(DPH)和盐酸麻黄碱(EPD)的大口径毛细管气相色谱法。无需衍生化处理,直接进样,在HP-1大口径毛细管色谱柱(10 m×0.53 mm,2.65 μm)上,上述4种药物在3 min内完全分离。PAR、CAF、DPH和EPD 4种药物的质量浓度分别为50~2400,10~500,10~500和10~500 mg/L时,药物与内标的浓度比和它们的峰面积比呈良好的线性关系(线性相关系数均高于0.999),各组分的平均回收率为98.5%~101.1%,日内相对标准偏差均小于2.2%,最低检测限为1~30 μg/L。该法快速、灵敏、准确,可为复方氨酚苯海拉明片的质量控制提供科学依据。     

一种可分散性石墨烯的制备

先通过γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)与氧化石墨反应得到改性氧化石墨, 再经水合肼还原制备了改性石墨烯. 未烘干的改性石墨烯经超声处理后, 可稳定分散于体积比为9∶1的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/水或丙酮/水的混合溶液中, 而且在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/水体系中超声得到的改性石墨烯分散液可在乙醇、丙酮中稳定存在. 采用红外光谱、X光电子能谱及X射线衍射分析等手段研究了KH-550改性氧化石墨及石墨烯的结构. 结果表明, KH-550上的氨基与氧化石墨的羧基反应生成了酰胺键, 与环氧基发生了加成反应, 干燥的改性石墨烯层间通过Si-O-Si键连接在一起.     

近红外光谱与组合的间隔偏最小二乘法测定清开灵四混液中总氮和栀子苷的含量

应用近红外光谱分析技术结合化学计量学方法, 建立了中药清开灵注射液中间体总氮和栀子苷含量测定的新方法. 首先采用Kernard-Stone法对训练集样本和预测集样品进行分类, 然后应用组合的间隔偏最小二乘法(Synergy interval partial least squares, siPLS)对所得近红外透射光谱进行有效谱段范围的选择以及二者定量校正模型的建立, 并对光谱预处理方法进行了详细的讨论. 所建立的总氮和栀子苷校正模型的预测相关系数(R)分别为0.999和0.708; 交叉验证误差均方根(RMSECV)均为0.023; 预测误差均方根(RMSEP)分别为0.074和0.159; 预测结果表明, 本实验所建方法快速、无损且可靠, 可推广并应用于中药注射液中间体的在线质量控制.     

Common methods for the chiral determination of amphetamine and related compounds I. Gas, liquid and thin-layer chromatography

This article reviews the most common, useful methods for the chiral determination of amphetamine (AM) and AM-derived designer drugs in different of matrix, including blood, hair, urine, medicaments or standard solutions, taking into consideration articles published in the past 15 years. We consider chromatographic methods (e.g., gas, liquid, high-performance liquid, and thin layer). We describe several types of chiral derivatization reagent, mobile-phase additive and chiral stationary phase commonly used in the chromatographic methods. Tables summarize basic information about conditions (e.g., type of column and mobile phase), detection mode and reference data for each procedure.     

高效液相法测定胃康片中呋喃唑酮、甘珀酸钠和盐酸小檗碱

 用高效液相 (HPLC)梯度洗脱法同时测定复方胃康片中呋喃唑酮、甘珀酸钠和盐酸小檗含量。使用No va PakC18柱 ,以乙腈和 0 0 2mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液 (pH 7 0 )为流动相 ,3,5 二硝基苯甲酸作为内标溶液 ,使用UV检测器 ,在 2 5 4nm处对样品中上述 3种成分进行测定。测定结果表明 ,呋喃唑酮在 14 1 2mg/L～ 12 70 8mg/L、甘珀酸钠在 10 0 6mg/L～ 90 5 4mg/L、盐酸小檗碱在 99 2mg/L～ 892 8mg/L时其相对峰面积 (标准品与内标的峰面积之比 )与进样质量浓度有良好的线性关系 ,其线性相关系数分别为r =0 9997,r =0 9995和r =0 9991。     

复方丹参片中四种成分的高效液相色谱-电化学检测-紫外检测法分析

建立了电化学检测器与二极管阵列检测器联用的液相色谱(HPLC-ECD-DAD)同时分离和测定复方丹参片中原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛、咖啡酸和丹参酮ⅡA 等4种成分的分析方法。采用Zorbax SB-C18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,5.0 μm),以甲醇和0.4%磷酸为流动相(流速1.0 mL/min)进行梯度洗脱;ECD检测电压0.7 V,DAD检测波长270 nm,柱温30 ℃。实验结果表明,原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛、咖啡酸和丹参酮ⅡA质量浓度分别为0.3～9.0 mg/L,1.1～54.0 mg/L,1.1～11.1 mg/L和5.2～52.0 mg/L时与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系(线性相关系数均高于0.999),原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛、咖啡酸和丹参酮ⅡA的平均回收率(n=6)分别为97.8%(相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.15%),98.2%(RSD为2.07%),97.6%(RSD为2.18%)和97.2%(RSD为2.07%)。该法同时利用了ECD和DAD的优点,是一种快速、灵敏、准确的分析方法,可以为复方丹参片的质量控制提供科学依据。     

New solid mucoadhesive systems for benzydamine vaginal administration

The aim of this work was the realization of new formulations for vaginal application to improve the pharmacological effect of benzydamine, displaying both anti-inflammatory and antiseptic activities. For this reasons, this drug was formulated in solid dispersions, by using the mucoadhesive polymers HPMC and/or Carbopol(?), then compressed. Tablets were characterized by studies of friability, hardness, hydration, DSC, mucoadhesion and in vitro release. Kinetics, responsible for drug delivery, was investigated as well. Tablets prepared by using only HPMC showed the best results in terms of swelling and mucoadhesion (time and force) together with prolonged and complete drug release, by diffusive mechanism, through gelled layer. Despite the good mucoadhesive properties, Carbopol(?) does not represent a good excipient because, after the contact with water, it generates a spongy gel layer, not homogeneous, stiff, brittle and with breaking tendency when highly swelled. This kind of gel does not guarantee a linear drug release and could provoke discomfort because of fragment release. HPMC mucoadhesive tablets could be a proper delivery system for benzydamine administration representing a good alternative to traditional dosage forms for vaginal topical therapy.