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221.
This study compares and evaluates the effect of various matrices on liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis. Permanent post-column infusion (PCI) was used to quantify matrix effects. In this way, the suppressed or enhanced signal of the target material resulting from different co-eluting matrix components could be assessed. Twenty-four biological samples from in vivo and in vitro experiments were selected for this study. In addition, 7 sample components were further analyzed after sample preparation by protein precipitation. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the collinear relationship between matrix effects and co-eluted components at different time intervals. We found that salt was the dominant factor which impacted changes in signal detection. In order to eliminate it, we used ammonium formate as a modifier of the mobile phase which resulted in charge-state redistribution profiles so that a homogeneous matrix formed. By employing pulse gradient chromatography in the presence of 5 mM ammonium formate, favorable improvements of enhanced signal intensity and reduced matrix effects were obtained. These experiments also indicated the feasibility of using analogue IS during bio-analysis which contributed to an overall faster assay that would be suitable for drug discovery and development purposes. 相似文献
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The paper presents a new tool for the determination of inorganic speciation forms of aluminium: AlFn(3 − n)+, and Al3+ by means of the HPIC-FAAS. The proposed method has been successfully used for speciation analysis (qualitative and quantitative) of inorganic aluminium forms AlFn(3 − n)+ in soil samples. In order to isolate the most environmentally available fraction, 5 g of the sample was collected and extracted in deionised water (water soluble fraction) for 1 h using a magnetic stirrer. The determinations in a hyphenated technique system were performed for a number of prepared water extracts. Concentration determinations of particular aluminium forms were performed based on model studies and real samples. The separation of Al species with nominal charge of + 1, + 2, and + 3 required a run time of less than 4 min during a single analysis. Based on the analysis of water extracts of soil, it was obtained that aluminium forms elute in the following order: 1PA (first signal) — AlF2+ and/or AlF4−; 2PA (second signal) — AlF2+ and/or AlF30; 3PA (third signal) — Al3+. In order to confirm the occurrence of these forms a simulation using the Mineql program was conducted. The details of speciation analysis of aluminium fluoride forms by means of an HPIC-FAAS instrument equipped are presented. Interpretation of the speciation analysis of the water soluble fraction of soil samples is proposed, based on the separation during chromatographic run and calculated data by Mineql. 相似文献
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拉曼光谱体现了物质中不同分子基团的振动情况,可以精确地进行物质的定性和定量分析.凭借着这样的优势,拉曼光谱技术已经成功应用在化工生产、管道传输、生化反应监测等工业在线分析领域.然而,在线拉曼分析很容易受到宇宙射线的干扰.宇宙射线在拉曼谱图上体现为一系列峰宽较窄的尖锐的峰,也被称为spike.这些spike使待测物质的拉... 相似文献
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介绍了以FPGA为主控芯片,以光纤为通讯媒介的视频信号数字通信实验装置的设计实现过程,并对电路各个模块的功能及实现加以说明.电路在Altium Designer中设计完成,采用分模块式的设计,结构清晰,易于实现.在QuartusⅡ环境下用VerilogHDL语言进行编程并对程序进行仿真.该装置已做成了实体,可以实现视频信号的传输. 相似文献
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Lightweight building systems in general suffer from poor sound insulation, especially in the low frequency region. Since no reliable mathematical models that can predict the impact sound pressure level exists, the lightweight building design is to a high extent based upon previous experience and upon measurements. A special difficulty is related to experimental measurements since the variation among identical units must not be neglected. A modern volume based lightweight wooden building concept has here been tested by numerous well controlled measurements, in laboratory as well as in more field like conditions. The volume construction technique offers new possibilities and challenges to improve sound insulation in light weight timber construction. The main purpose was to investigate how different constructional solutions in the floor, like plaster board, mineral wool, elastic glue, dividing board, floating floor etc., affect the sound insulation. Many of the tested modifications resulted in only marginally changed impact sound pressure level but parameters that substantially can improve the sound insulation were found in using elastic glue to mount the floor boards, to install extra board layers and to use floating floors. 相似文献