γ射线辐照下多壁碳纳米管结构转变过程研究

采用60Coγ射线辐照纯净的多壁碳纳米管,用高分辨透射电镜和拉曼光谱,研究了多壁碳纳米管由石墨结构向无定形结构转变的演化过程.发现在γ射线辐照下,碳纳米管的外部石墨层逐渐失去最初的有序结构而向无定形结构转变.而且,随着γ射线辐照剂量的增加,无定形结构不断推进,而石墨层结构则不断减小,直至使整个碳纳米管变为一个中空的无定形纳米线结构.用原子位移理论和溅射机理对这种转变过程进行了分析.γ射线轰击碳纳米管击出碳原子,碳原子停留在晶格的间隙位置上产生间隙原子,在它原来的平衡位置则留下一个空位.当轰击粒子动能足够大时导致碰撞级联效应,无序结构增加.多数空位和间隙原子可能相互复合而彼此退火,但仍有少数原子作为间隙原子而造成晶格进一步缺陷.辐射也可以引起碳原子的溅射,溅射出来的碳原子沉积在碳纳米管的外壁上形成一层无定形碳结构.     

利用重离子辐照技术制备锂离子电池隔膜

用能量11.4MeV/u和注量1×108ions/cm2的197Au离子垂直辐照聚丙烯薄膜,通过电导测量法监测温度、硫酸浓度和重铬酸钾浓度对径迹蚀刻速率的影响,得到合适的蚀刻条件;成功制备出孔径范围在600—1000nm的重离子径迹聚丙烯孔膜,并用场发射扫描电镜对孔的形状及孔径大小进行了表征,对孔洞锥角的形成进行了分析,为重离子辐照技术制备锂离子电池隔膜提供了实验数据。     

He-Ne激光辐照铁棍山药贮藏保鲜的研究

用工作波长632.8 nm、功率为2.5 mW的He-Ne激光器辐照铁棍山药,30 min后,其芦头芽萌发受抑,山药茎含水量、可溶性总糖和可溶性蛋白含量分别从70.203 9%下降到66.615 4 4%、从72.213 25 mg·g-1下降到25.878 88 mg·g-1、从508.539 4 μg·g-1下降到258.423 1 μg·g-1,丙二醛(MDA)和超氧阴离子含量分别从0.62 mmol·g-1变为8.033 122 mmol·g-1、从32.997 13 μg·g-1变为35.536 42 μg·g-1,贮藏前期的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性从494.864 U·g-1变为1 105.85 U·g-1,贮藏后期的SOD活性从1 105.85 U·g-1变为959.167 U·g-1.     

激光辐照和高温氧化硅锗合金的低维结构和发光特性

采用强激光辐照硅锗合金,然后高温氧化的方法,在样品表面生成微米级小孔,用高精度扫描电镜观察孔内结构,发现片状纳米结构的存在。用荧光光谱仪测量其光致荧光谱,对于激光辐照(无高温氧化)的样品,在峰值705 nm处出现较强的光致发光(PL)。高温氧化后,样品在606 nm处出现一尖锐的PL光谱。利用量子受限和纳晶与氧化物的界面态综合模型解释PL光谱的产生。     

Molecular mechanisms of photochemotherapy (Review)

Mechanisms of photophysical, photobiological, and therapeutic action of light on blood in vivo are discussed based on results of spectral and clinical studies of blood, plasma, and erythrocytes. Spectral manifestations of photochemical reactions initiated in blood by therapeutic doses of radiation in vivo with light of different wavelengths are considered. Spectral and clinical results of blood investigations are compared for patients whose complex treatment included intravenous blood irradiation and magnetotherapy. Mechanisms for secondary (dark) reactions induced by the action of light on blood in vivo are discussed. The radiation of laser and non-laser light sources used at present for intravenous blood irradiation (365, 405, 450, 530, 632, 635, 808 nm) is shown to fall within hemoglobin absorption bands. The conclusion is made that blood absorption of laser and non-laser light radiation results in functional alteration of hemoglobin as a possible primary photoacceptor absorbing light radiation of the above wavelengths. The therapeutic effect of intravenous blood irradiation is initiated by hemoglobin functional activity modulation. Phototherapy is a means to correct it. Intravenous phototherapy should be considered as a therapeutic method that changes (provided that the dosage is correct) the balance of active oxygen species production and their inhibition by antioxidants. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 76, No. 1, pp. 51–75, January–February, 2009.     

离子束合成钇硅化物的结构及红外谱特征

将稀土金属钇离子注入到n型单晶Si(111)中制备出钇硅化物埋层.利用x射线衍射、卢瑟福背散射和傅里叶红外吸收谱测量分析了样品的结构、原子的埋层分布和振动模式.结果表明，Y离子在注入过程中已与基底中的Si原子形成了YSi2结构相.真空下的红外光辐照处理促使YSi2择优取向生长，埋层中Si与Y的平均原子浓度比由24下降为20，与六方YSi2的化学计量比一致.还给出了钇硅化物的特征红外吸收谱.     

高温注氦及随后230MeV的208Pb27+辐照Al2O3的光致发光谱的研究

主要研究了110keV的He⁺高温注入Al₂O₃单晶及1.1MeV/u的²⁰⁸Pb²⁷⁺辐照注氦Al₂O₃样品的光致发光的特性. 从测试结果可以清楚地看到在375nm, 413nm和450nm处出现了强烈的发光峰. 并且在600K, 5×10sup>16ions/cm²剂量点, 样品的发光峰是最强的. 这 表明He⁺注入Al₂O₃后使带隙中深的辐射中心复合的效率大幅度提高, 极大的增强了其发光强度,而且发光伴随着蓝移现象. 而经过高能²⁰⁸Pb²⁷⁺辐照后的样品, 在390nm出现了新的发光峰,从FTIR谱中我们能够看到, 可能是²⁰⁸Pb²⁷⁺辐照相对沉积膜出现一定的晶化, 其中含有许多纳米尺寸的Al₂O₃晶粒所致.     

Proton-exchanged optical waveguides fabricated by glutaric acid

In this paper, we first report that a new proton source, glutaric acid, has been used to fabricate optical waveguides in Z-cut lithium niobate crystals. The relationship was experimentally established between proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide parameters and fabrication conditions. It is shown that this new organic acid can be used to obtain deep PE waveguides in fast diffusion speed (0.275 μm²/h at 221°C) and with low loss (0.2 dB/cm). It provides an alternative approach for fabricating PE waveguides in lithium niobate substrate.     

Microstructure change in deuterium implanted CLAM steel induced by electron irradiation

As Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic (RAFM) steel is considered the primary candidate for use as a structural material in fusion power reactors,many countries are developing different kinds of RAFM.China is developing new CLAM (China Low Activation Martensitic) steel.The study investigates microstructural changes in CLAM steel implanted with deuterium ions induced by 1250 keV electron irradiation from R.T.to 873 K,and observes both the growth and shrinkage of the defect clusters produced by deuterium ...     

p型金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管低剂量率辐射损伤增强效应模型研究

对一种非加固4007电路中p型金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(PMOSFET)在不同剂量率条件下的电离辐射损伤效应及高剂量率辐照后的退火效应进行了研究. 通过测量不同剂量率条件下PMOSFET的亚阈I-V特性曲线,得到阈值电压漂移量随累积剂量、退火时间的变化关系. 实验发现,此种型号的PMOSFET具有低剂量率辐射损伤增强效应. 通过描述H⁺在氧化层中的输运过程,解释了界面态的形成原因,初步探讨了非加固4007电路中PMOSFET低剂量率辐射损伤增强效应模型. 关键词： p型金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管 60Co γ射线')" href="#">⁶⁰Co γ射线 电离辐射损伤 低剂量率辐射损伤增强效应