Methylomonas Z201 细胞在戊二醛活化DEAE 纤维素上的共价固定化

以戊二醛活化的ＤＥＡＥ纤维素为载体，采用共价键法固定化ＭｅｔｈｙｌｏｍｏｎａｓＺ２０１细胞．固定化细胞催化丙烯环氧化的最优细胞／载体比为３２ｍｇ干重细胞／（ｇＤＥＡＥ纤维素），最适ｐＨ值和最适温度分别为７．８和３５℃．用纯氧代替空气作为氧源，分别使游离和固定化细胞的ＭＭＯ活性提高了８％和３５％．外源性电子给体甲酸钠对固定化细胞ＭＭＯ活性的激发作用小于游离细胞．失活动力学分析结果表明，固定化细胞的稳定性高于游离细胞．     

Ni/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂上丙烯齐聚反应研究——Ⅰ.性能研究和机理初探

丙烯齐聚产物,特别是三、四聚产物是合成洗涤剂、增塑剂、表面活性剂、润滑油添加剂等精细化工产品的重要原料。目前,工业上该反应主要采用美国UOP公司开发的固体磷酸催化剂。该催化剂的主要缺点是易泥化结块,堵塞管道。故开发新型丙烯齐聚催化剂并进行相应的理论研究具有重要意义。1984年,美国专利报导了用镍盐负载在γ-Al_2O_3上的催化剂,用于烯烃二聚具有较高的催化活性,但将其用于低碳烯烃三、四聚反应的研究尚未见到。本文考察了Ni/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂用于丙烯三、四聚反应的催化性能,并初步探讨了其催化反应机理。     

Effect Of Propene, <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-Decane,and Toluene Plasma Kinetics on NO Conversion in Homogeneous Oxygen-Rich Dry Mixtures at Ambient Temperature

A photo-triggered discharge is used to study the influence of three hydrocarbons (HCs), propene (C₃H₆), n-decane (C₁₀H₂₂), and toluene (C₆H₅CH₃) on NO conversion in N₂/O₂/NO/HC mixtures, with 18.5% O₂ concentration, 700 ppm of NO, and an hydrocarbon concentration ranging between 190 ppm and 2,700 ppm. The electrical system generates a transient homogeneous plasma, working under 400 mbar total pressure, with a 50 ns short current pulse at a repetition frequency up to a few Hz. The NO concentration at the exit of the reactor is quantified using absolute FTIR spectroscopy measurements, as a function of the specific deposited energy in the discharge and the mixture composition. Owing to the plasma homogeneity, the experimental results can be compared to predictions of a self-consistent 0-D discharge and kinetic model based on available data in the literature about reactions and their rate constants. It is shown that the addition of either propene (as for DBD or corona discharges) or n-decane to N₂/O₂/NO leads to an improvement of the NO removal as compared to the mixture without hydrocarbon molecules. The adopted kinetic schemes explain this effect for the two mixture types. On the other hand, both the experiments and model predictions emphasize that the addition of toluene does not lead to the improvement of NO conversion. Moreover, compounds that are useful for NO _x reduction catalysis, such as aldehydes, are less produced in the mixture with toluene.     

手性钯(Ⅱ)配合物及BF3·Et2O助剂催化的丙烯与一氧化碳立体选择性交替共聚反应研究

BF3·Et2O助催化剂加速了[L2]Pd (OAC)2(L:手性双瞵配体)催化的丙烯与一氧化碳立体选择性交替共聚反应,在相对较短的时间里合成了手性聚酮高分子,13C NMR和1H NMR,及摩尔旋光度证实产物具有较高的区域规整度和立构规整度,红外光谱指出产物同时具有螺旋缩酮和交替聚酮结构,凝胶渗透色谱法测定产物具有较低的分子量和宽的聚合度。     

单茂钛化合物/MAO/AlR_3均相催化体系合成sPS与aPP研究

先考察部分水解三甲基铝（ＴＭＡ）制备固体改性甲基铝氧烷（ｍ ＭＡＯ）时，反应物Ｈ２Ｏ和ＴＭＡ的摩尔比对固体产物ｍ ＭＡＯ中ＴＭＡ含量的影响；然后考察不同的钛化合物特别是茂钛化合物（ＬｎＴｉＸｎ′，ｎ＝１，２，ｎ′＝２，３）和ｍ ＭＡＯ组成的均相催化体系分别进行苯乙烯间规聚合和丙烯无规聚合的效果作比较．在此基础上分析以茂基三正丙氧基钛［ＣｐＴｉ（ＯＰｒｎ）３］为主催化剂，不同ＴＭＡ含量的ｍ ＭＡＯ为助催化剂，及外加各种烷基铝（ＡｌＲ３）所组成的催化体系中钛的氧化数，同时对苯乙烯间规聚合和丙烯无规聚合进行比较研究，从中发现活性中心钛的氧化数以Ｔｉ（Ⅲ）为主时有利于苯乙烯间规聚合，不利于丙烯无规聚合；而氧化数以Ｔｉ（Ⅳ）为主时则对丙烯无规聚合有利．苯乙烯间规聚合时，外加烷基铝可节省ＭＡＯ用量．     

丙烷氧化脱氢催化剂Ag-Mo-P-O中MoO3的作用

用XRD、H2-TPR、XPS、EPR、NH3-DRIFT、异丙醇分解反应和催化剂性能评价等方法比较研究了一系列Ag-Mo-P-O(AMP)催化剂的性质和催化性能.实验结果表明,AMP催化剂中MoO3和AgMoO2PO4两相之间产生由“一致性界面”引起的协同效应,两相相互作用的程度和接触程度影响该协同效应.该协同效应调变了催化剂中Mo5＋的浓度、催化剂的可还原性和酸性,从而影响了丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯催化剂的性能.在AMP催化剂中存在适量的MoO3有助于获得较高的丙烯选择性和收率.     

Pt修饰和反应气氛对富铝Cu-Beta分子筛NH_3-SCR反应性能的影响

富铝Cu-Beta分子筛具有优异的低温NH_3-SCR性能,在汽车尾气脱硝中具有潜在的应用前景.我们考察了H_2O、CO_2、丙烯等气氛对富铝Cu-Beta分子筛NH_3-SCR反应性能的影响.发现H_2O会降低催化剂的低温活性,CO_2则提高低温活性,丙烯对中、低温活性均有明显抑制作用.固体13C核磁共振显示丙烯在分子筛上形成链状脂肪烃积碳,导致催化剂的活性降低.Pt修饰使丙烯存在下低温NH_3-SCR活性有所提高,但在中高温度下会催化NH_3氧化产生大量的N_2O和NO,从而降低了NO转化率.电子顺磁共振(EPR)和紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱研究表明,Pt的引入使部分孤立铜离子转化为簇状多聚态铜离子,会进一步加剧高温NH_3氧化反应的发生,进而降低了催化剂的活性.     

过渡金属修饰对Pt/M-DMSN催化剂丙烷脱氢性能的影响

以两步法制备了一系列过渡金属(M=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn)修饰的树枝状介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子(DMSN)负载铂(Pt/M-DMSN)催化剂, 并对该系列催化剂进行了丙烷催化脱氢性能评价. X射线衍射(XRD)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和氢气程序升温还原(H₂-TPR)表征结果表明, 不同过渡金属在DMSN载体表面分散状态不同,且与Pt的相互作用程度不同. 其中Zn-DMSN载体最有利于Pt的分散, 且反应后催化剂上积碳含量最低; Pt/Fe-DMSN催化剂中Pt与载体的相互作用力较强. 通过活性评价结果可知, Pt/Fe-DMSN催化剂表现出最优的丙烷催化脱氢性能, 丙烷初始转化率为44.2%, 反应6 h后丙烷转化率仍可达36.5%.     

Nanostructured CoMoO4 Supported on Mesoporous SBA-15 for Catalytic Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propene

Nanostructured cobalt molybdate catalysts supported on mesoporous silica SBA-15 with different loadings were prepared by citric acid coordination-impregnation method and characterized by XRD, TEM, and BET techniques. The characterization results showed that high loading of well-dispersed crystalline CoMoO₄ may be achieved using citric acid coordination-impregnation method and the mesoporous structure of the support remained intact. The catalytic activity of these catalysts in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane was investigated. The catalysts of nanostructured cobalt molybdate supported on mesoporous silica SBA-15 showed better catalytic performance than the corresponding bulk composite oxide and nanostructured CoMoO₄ supported on SBA-15 with loading of 13% (mass fraction, w) displayed propene yield of 16.8% at 823 K.     

自由基-分子反应:F+Propene(CH2CHCH3)的从头算研究

The radical-molecule reaction F+propene (CH2CHCH3) was studied in detail by using the Becke's three parameter Lee-Yang-Parr-B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) and coupled cluster with single, double, and triple excitationsCCSD(T)/6-311+G(2d,2p). It is shown that F+propene reaction mainly occurs through complex-formation mechanism: F attacks the double bond of propene leading to the formation of complex 1 and complex 2. As the two radical complexes are metastable, they can quickly dissociate to H+C3H5F, CH3+C2H3F and HF+C3H5. Based on the ab initio calculations, the CH3+C2H3F is the main channel, and the H elimination and HF forming channels also provide some contribution to products. The calculated values are in good agreement with the recently reported experimental results.