一种全合成型人工红血球的研究进展

一种全合成型人工红血球的研究进展;人工红血球;全合成型白蛋白－血红素载体;氧气输送;安全性;综述     

磁共振技术在食品质量与安全研究中的应用

食品质量与安全的检测分析关乎人们生命健康,高效可靠的检测手段是该领域研究的必需条件.磁共振技术,包括核磁共振（NMR）和磁共振成像（MRI）,是20世纪的新兴的食品检测技术．由于该技术对样品几乎无破坏性,且具有可实时快速测量、可同时检测多成分、可获得样品内部图像等优点,因此在食品检测领域的应用越来越多．为了促进该技术在食品科学领域更为深入的应用,该文对磁共振技术在国内外食品质量和安全研究领域的应用现状进行了总结．     

Ultrasound assisted acid catalyzed lactose hydrolysis: Understanding into effect of operating parameters and scale up studies

The current work deals with the value addition of lactose by transforming into hydrolyzed lactose syrup containing glucose and galactose in major proportion using the novel approach of ultrasound assisted acid catalyzed lactose hydrolysis. The hydrolysis of lactose was performed in ultrasonic bath (33 kHz) at 50% duty cycle at different temperatures as 65 °C and 70 °C and two different hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentrations as 2.5 N and 3 N. It was observed that acid concentration, temperature and ultrasonic treatment were the major factors in deciding the time required to achieve ∼90% hydrolysis. The ultrasonic assisted approach resulted in reduction in the reaction time and the extent of intensification was established to be dependent on the temperature, acid concentration and time of ultrasonic exposure. It was observed that the maximum process intensification obtained by introduction of ultrasound in the lactose hydrolysis process performed at 70 °C and 3 N HCl was reduction in the required time for ∼90% hydrolysis from 4 h (without the presence of ultrasound) to 3 h. The scale-up study was also performed using an ultrasonic bath with longitudinal horn (36 kHz as operating frequency) at 50% duty cycle, optimized temperature of 70 °C and acid concentration of 3 N. It was observed that the reaction was faster in the presence of ultrasound and stirring by axial impeller at rpm of 225 ± 25. The time required to complete ∼90% of hydrolysis remained almost the same as observed for small scale study on ultrasonic bath (33 kHz) at 50% duty cycle. The use of recovered lactose from whey samples instead of pure lactose did not result in any significant changes in the progress of hydrolysis, confirming the efficacy of the selected approach. Overall, the work has presented a novel ultrasound assisted approach for intensified lactose hydrolysis.     

一种柱色谱分离实验装置

针对柱色谱装置在样品分离过程中,存在的分离时间长、添加洗脱剂繁琐等问题,进行了重新设计组装。采用自来水作为恒压流体,利用自制平衡器调节体系内的压力平衡。实验结果表明,改进后的实验装置,样品分离时间短;添加洗脱剂方便,不需要拆装仪器,可连续进行样品洗脱,分离谱带清晰,洗脱均匀,分离效果明显提高。     

X80管道双腐蚀缺陷间相互作用规律研究

为了对腐蚀管道进行准确的安全评价,本文针对X80管道相邻双腐蚀缺陷间的相互作用规律进行了研究。借鉴现有X80管道爆破实验的数据,对数值计算中的单元划分、边界条件设置等进行验证。采用ANSYSWORKBENCH软件对X80管道在腐蚀缺陷下的应力应变状态进行了分析。数值分析结果显示:轴向间距一定时,腐蚀深度越大,轴向相邻双腐蚀间相互作用越明显;当两个相邻腐蚀缺陷轴向距离在3(Dt)1/2以内或环向处于0.07pD以内时,需要考虑两个腐蚀缺陷的相互影响;当两个相邻腐蚀缺陷轴向距离大于3(Dt)1/2或环向间距大于0.07pD时,不需要考虑腐蚀间的相互作用。     

Interpretation of analysis of variance models using principal component analysis to assess the effect of a maternal anticancer treatment on the mineralization of rat bones

The aim of this paper is to show how it is possible to extract analytical information from images acquired with a flatbed scanner and make use of this information for real time control of a nickel plating process. Digital images of plated steel sheets in a nickel bath are used to follow the process under degradation of specific additives. Dedicated software has been developed for making the obtained results accessible to process operators. This includes obtaining the RGB image, to select the red channel data exclusively, to calculate the histogram of the red channel data and to calculate the mean colour value (MCV) and the standard deviation of the red channel data. MCV is then used by the software to determine the concentration of the additives Supreme Plus Brightner (SPB) and SA-1 (for confidentiality reasons, the chemical contents cannot be further detailed) present in the bath (these two additives degrade and their concentration changes during the process). Finally, the software informs the operator when the bath is generating unsuitable quality plating and suggests the amount of SPB and SA-1 to be added in order to recover the original plating quality.     

A review of recent, unconventional applications of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)

The applications of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) have grown exponentially beyond its uses for explosive, illicit drug and chemical warfare agent monitoring in recent years. Instrumental developments including new drift tube materials and ionization sources have enabled the manufacturing of more sophisticated and affordable IMS equipment for the advantageous analysis of samples with no pretreatment. The most recent applications of IMS include quality control and cleaning validation procedures in the pharmaceutical industry; determinations of contaminants in food samples; clinical analyses of biological fluids; environmental analyses of contaminants in gaseous, liquid and solid samples; and (bio)process quality control monitoring. Coupling IMS with MSⁿ has enabled the analysis of very complex samples and the extraction of knowledge unavailable from isolated MS measurements, especially in the polymer and petroleomic industries.     

井壁失稳区域确定方法及影响因素分析简

井壁失稳区域及其面积能够反映井壁失稳破坏特性及其严重程度,以井壁安全系数作为识别准则,建立了井壁失稳区域识别方法,并基于Monte-Carlo 方法,给出了井壁失稳面积的计算方法. 以井壁坍塌为例,分析了钻井液密度、井斜角及方位角对井壁失稳区域特性的影响,以本文建立的失稳区面积计算方法,分析了不同地应力场中井眼轨迹对井壁失稳区大小的影响,评价结果符合工程实际,表明能够利用本文方法评价井壁失稳特性及其严重程度.     

飞机结构振动监测用微型测试系统研制

飞行过程中各种扰动气流容易导致飞机薄壁结构发生振动疲劳破坏,严重影响飞机的安全性和出勤率。针对受扰动气流作用下飞机结构的振动安全监测对仪器提出的微型化要求,基于STM32F103芯片设计了微型振动测试系统及配套软件。测试系统样机体积小,重量约160g,由内置加速度传感器触发采集,3个应变通道的采样率可达10K/s,以高速SD卡为存储器实现数据的便携取用,不依赖飞机电源系统而用安全性高的锂聚合物电池供电。采用LabVIEW编写的数据分析处理软件包含时域分析、频域分析及时频联合分析等功能。通过悬臂梁固有频率及自由衰减振动实验对测试系统进行功能验证测试,结果表明系统可满足对结构振动信号的采集和分析。     

基于模糊理论的消费品安全风险评估方法

在分析消费品伤害事件的不确定性因素基础上,研究消费品导致伤害的人因物因及环境影响因素并提出了伤害风险评估的维度,将各维度的输入值转化为模糊数,通过区间运算计算暴露时间及风险,从而为消费品质量安全因子的风险评估提供了方法基础,最后通过实例计算描述工具的特性.